Applied Economics Consulting (2008). The Effect of Government Support for Industrial R&D on the Israeli Economy. http://economy.gov.il/RnD/Documents/GovSupportFinalPaper.pdf. [Hebrew].Google Scholar

Ashcraft, C., McLain, B., and Eger, E. (2016.) Women in High Tech: The Facts. NCWIT Workforce Alliance. www.ncwit.org/sites/default/files/resources/womenintech_facts_fullreport_05132016.pdf.Google Scholar

Avnimelech, G., and Teubal, M. (2006). Creating Venture Capital Industries that Co-evolve with High Tech: Insights from an Extended Industry Life Cycle Perspective of the Israeli Experience. Research Policy, 35, 1477–1498.Google Scholar

Ben-David, D. (2008). Brain Drained: A Tale of Two Countries. CEPR Discussion Paper 6717. www.tau.ac.il/~danib/econ-rankings/BrainDrained.pdf.Google Scholar

Bental, B., and Peled, D. (2016). Is There a Shortage of Academic Degree Holders in Science and Technology? Haifa: Samuel Neaman Institute.Google Scholar

Bernhard, W., Leutiger, P., and Ernst, C. (2016). Israel’s Automotive & Smart Mobility Industry. www.rolandberger.com/publications/publication_pdf/roland_berger_israel_automotive_and_smart_mobility_final_131216.pdf.Google Scholar

Brand, G., and Regev, E. (2015). The Dual Labor Market: Trends in Productivity, Wages and Human Capital in the Economy. In A Macroeconomic Perspective on Economy and Society in Israel. http://taubcenter.org.il/wp-content/files_mf/theduallabormarketenglish.pdf.Google Scholar

Branstetter, L., Glennon, B., and Jensen, J. (2018). The IT Revolution and the Globalisation of R&D. Mimeo. https://voxeu.org/article/it-revolution-and-globalisation-rd.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Central Bureau of Statistics. (Various years). Statistical Abstract of Israel. Available at www.cbs.gov.il/en/Pages/default.aspx.Google Scholar

De Fontenay, C., and Carmel, E. (2004). Israel’s Silicon Wadi: The Forces Behind Cluster Formation. In Bresnahan, T. and Gambardella, A. (eds.), Building High-Tech Clusters: Silicon Valley and Beyond. Cambridge University Press, 40–77.Google Scholar

Ellis, S. Drori, I, Shapira, Z., and Aharonson, B. (2013). Imprinting, Inheritance, and Entrepreneurial Inclinations: A Genealogical Approach to the Study of Founding New Firms. https://coller.tau.ac.il/sites/nihul.tau.ac.il/files/media_server/Recanati/management/hurvitz/forms/articles/SmuelEllis/ASQ%20G%20paper%20June%204%20Final.pdf.Google Scholar

Gallo, L. (2011). Export and Productivity: Evidence from Israel. Discussion Paper 2011.08. Jerusalem: Bank of Israel Research Department.Google Scholar

Getz, D., and Goldberg, I. (2016). Best Practices and Lessons Learned in ICT Sector Innovation: A Case Study of Israel. Background paper for World Development Report 2016 Digital Dividends.Google Scholar

Israel Advanced Technology Industries (IATI) (2015). Summary Report. www.iati.co.il/.Google Scholar

Lach, S., Shiff, G., and Trajtenbergy, M. (2008). Together But Apart: ICT and Productivity Growth in Israel. CEPR Discussion Paper, No. DP6732.Google Scholar

Lemarchand, G. A., Leck, E., and Tash, A. (2016). Mapping Research and Innovation in the State of Israel. GO-SPIN Country Profiles in Science, Technology and Innovation Policy, volume 5. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.Google Scholar

Lobel, O. (2015.) Networks for Prosperity: Connecting Development Knowledge Beyond 2015. Report. Vienna: United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). www.mdgfund.org/sites/default/files/Networks%20for%20Prosperity%20Connecting%20Beyond%202015.pdf.Google Scholar

Malach, G., Choshen, M., and Cahaner, L. (2016). Statistical Report on Ultra-Orthodox Society in Israel. Israel Democracy Institute. https://en.idi.org.il/publications/4282.Google Scholar

Melitz, M. (2003). The Impact of Trade on Intra‐Industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity. Econometrica, 71(6), 1695–1725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Moshe, N., (2016). Data on Ultra-Orthodox Employment. The Knesset Center of Research and Information. https://main.knesset.gov.il/Activity/Info/mmm/pages/document.aspx?docid=4e572e2a-f5ce-e511-80d6-00155d0204d4&businesstype=1. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Raz, A., and Tzruya, G. (2018). Doing Gender in Segregated and Assimilative Organizations: Ultra‐Orthodox Jewish Women in the Israeli High‐Tech Labour Market. Gender Work & Organization, 25, 4, 361–378.Google Scholar

OECD (2014). Science, Technology and Industry Outlook. Paris: OECD Publishing.Google Scholar

OECD (2016). Main Science and Technology Indicators. (Edition 2016/1). Paris: OECD Publishing.Google Scholar

Senor, D., and Singer, S. (2009). Start-Up Nation: The Story of Israel’s Economic Miracle. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart,Google Scholar

Slonim, O. (2013). Foreign Owned Research Centers. [In Hebrew]. www.idc.ac.il/he/research/ips/Documents/HC2012/R_D2013A.pdf.Google Scholar

Tabansky, L., and Israel, I. (2015). Cybersecurity in Israel. Springer Press.Google Scholar

Alonso, W. (1964). Location and Land Use: Toward a General Theory of Land Rent. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Albouy, D., Erlich, G., and Liu, Y. (2016). Housing Demand, Cost-of-Living Inequality, and the Affordability Crisis. NBER Working Paper 22816. https://www.nber.org/papers/w22816.pdf.Google Scholar

Alemu, Jerusalem. (2019). Double Property Tax on Ghost Apartments. Center for Research and Information, Knesset. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Bajari, P., Benkard, C. Lanier, and Krainer, J. (2005). House Prices and Consumer Welfare. Journal of Urban Economics, 58, 474–487. www.elsevier.com/locate/jue.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2011). Bank of Israel Annual Report. Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2013). Bank of Israel Annual Report. Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2014). Bank of Israel Annual Report. Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2015). Bank of Israel Annual Report. Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2016). Bank of Israel Annual Report. Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Barlevy, G., and Fisher, J. (2010). Mortgage Choice and Housing Speculation. Working Paper Series WP-2010–12. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.Google Scholar

Bar-Nathan, M., Beenstock, M., and Haitovsky, Y. (1998). The Market for Housing in Israel. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 28, 21–49.Google Scholar

Ben-Tovim, N., Yakin, Y., and Zussman, N. (2014). Measuring Home Price Variation Using Repeated Sales Methodology. Occasional Paper 2014.01. Jerusalem: Bank of Israel Research Department. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Blanchard, O. J., and Watson, M. W. (1982). Bubbles, Rational Expectations and Financial Markets. In Wachtel, P. (ed.), Crises in the Economic and Financial Structure. Lexington, MA: D.C. Heath and Company, 295–316.Google Scholar

Borukhov, E. (1993). Housing Policy in Light of the Large Immigration: A Two-Year View. The Economic Quarterly, 40(3), 325–333. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Burnside, C., Eichenbaum, M., and Rebelo, S. (2016). Understanding Booms and Busts in Housing Markets. Journal of Political Economy, 124(4), 1088–1147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Caldera, A., and Johansson, A. (2013). The Price Responsiveness of Housing Supply in OECD Countries. The Journal of Housing Economics, 22, 231–249.Google Scholar

Caspi, I. (2015). Testing for a Housing Bubble at the National and Regional Level: The Case of Israel. Discussion Paper No. 2015.05. Jerusalem: Bank of Israel Research Department.Google Scholar

Central Bureau of Statistics. (2016). Dwelling in Israel: Findings from the Household Expenditure Survey 2016, December. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Chambers, M., Garriga, C., and Schlagenhauf, D. E. (2008). The Tax Treatment of Homeowners and Landlords and the Progressivity of Income Taxation. FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2008–06. Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.Google Scholar

Chambers, M., Garriga, C., and Schlagenhauf, D. E. (2009). Accounting for Changes in the Home Ownership Rate. International Economic Review, 50(3), 677–726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Davis, M., and Ortalo-Magné, F. (2011). Household Expenditures, Wages, Rents. Review of Economic Dynamics, 14, 248–261.Google Scholar

Dovman, P., Ribon, S., and Yakhin, Y. (2012). The Housing Market in Israel 2008–2010: Are House Prices a “Bubble”? Israel Economic Review, 10(1), 1–38. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Eckstein, Z., Tolkovsky, E., and Tsur, N. (2012). Are Housing Prices in Israel High because of a Small Planning Stock? Gazit-Globe Institute for the Study of Real Estate, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Eckstein, Z., Tolkovsky, E., Eizenberg Be-Lulu, A., and Sherman, Y. (2014). Do Local Authorities Face a Negative Incentive to Increase the Population Under their Jurisdiction? Policy Paper – GGA/2014, Gazit-Globe Institute for the Study of Real Estate, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya.Google Scholar

Friedman, Y., and Ribon, S. (2014). Whence the Money? Home Purchases and Their Financing: An Analysis Using Household Expenditures Survey Data. Occasional Paper 2014–05. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Genesove, D. (2003). Nominal Rigidity in Apartment Rents. Review of Economics and Statistics, 85(4), 844–853.Google Scholar

Genesove, D. (2019). Currency as an Economic Norm. Falk Working Papers.Google Scholar

Glaeser, E. L., Gottlieb, J. D., and Gyourko, J. (2013). Can Cheap Credit Explain the Housing Boom? In Glaeser, E. and Sinai, T. (eds.), Housing and the Financial Crisis. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 301–360.Google Scholar

Glaeser, E. L., and Gyourko, J., J. (2009). Arbitrage in Housing Markets. In Glaeser, E. and Quigley, J. (eds.), Housing Markets and the Economy: Risks, Regulation and Policy. Cambridge, MA: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 113–148.Google Scholar

Glaeser, E. L., Gyourko, J. and Saiz, A. (2008). Housing Supply and Housing Bubbles. Journal of Urban Economics, 64, 198–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Glaeser, E. L., Gyourko, J. and Saks, R. (2005). Why Is Manhattan so Expensive? Regulation and the Rise in Housing Prices. Journal of Law and Economics, 48, 331–369.Google Scholar

Gruber, N. (2014). The Israeli Housing Market. In Ben-David, D. (ed.), State of the Nation Report: Society, Economy and Policy in Israel. Jerusalem: Taub Center for Social Policy Studies in Israel, 91–168.Google Scholar

Guasch, J. L., and Marshall, R. C. (1987). A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of the Length of Residency Discount in the Rental Housing Market. Journal of Urban Economics, 22(3), 291–311.Google Scholar

Government Authority for Urban Renewal, Ministry of Construction and Housing, Maintenance Towers (2017). The Maintenance of Governmental Towers. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Granot, R. (2011) Dividends: Who Evicted Daphni Leef from Her Rented Apartment in Tel Aviv – and Set Off a Protest? Calcalist, August 3. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Haughwout, A., Lee, D., Tracy, J., and van der Klaauw, Wilbert. (2011). Real Estate Investors, the Leverage Cycle, and the Housing Market Crisis. Staff Report no. 514. Federal Reserve Bank of New York.Google Scholar

Hilber, C., and Schoni, O. (2018). The Economic Impacts of Constraining Home Investments. Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, CEP Discussion Papers.Google Scholar

Himmelberg, C., Mayer, C., and Sinai, T. (2005). Assessing High House Prices: Bubbles, Fundamentals and Misperceptions. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), 67–92.Google Scholar

Houdi, Uri. (2014) Considering Tama 38 for the Building? Prepare to Spend a Lot More Money. Calcalist, October 21. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

International Monetary Fund (2014). IMF Country Report No. 14/48. Washington, DC: IMF.Google Scholar

International Monetary Fund (2015). IMF Country Report No. 15/261. Washington, DC: IMF.Google Scholar

Kahn, M., and Ribon, S. (2013). The Effect of Home and Rental Prices on Private Consumption in Israel: A Micro Data Analysis. Occasional Paper 2013.06. Jerusalem: Bank of Israel. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Katouzian, H. (2013). Iran: A Long History and Short-Term Society. In Furtado, P. (ed.), Histories of Nations: How Their Identities were Forged. London: Thames and Hudson, 31–38.Google Scholar

Lawrence, R. (1996). Switzerland. In Balchin, Paul (ed.), Housing Policy in Europe, London, New York: Routledge, 36–50.Google Scholar

Luce, E. (2017). The Retreat of Western Liberalism. London: Little Brown.Google Scholar

Mayer, C., and Sinai, T. (2000). U.S. House Price Dynamics and Behavorial Finance. In Foote, C., Goette, L., and Meier, S (eds.), Policymaking Insights from Behavorial Economics. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, 261–308.Google Scholar

Mills, E. S. (1967). An Aggregative Model of Resource Allocation in a Metropolitan Area. American Economic Review (Papers and Proceedings), 57(2), 197–210.Google Scholar

Ministry of Finance, Chief Economist Branch. (2017). Survey of the Residential Real Estate Industry for the Second Quarter, 2017. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Muth, R. F. (1969). Cities and Housing. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar

Nagar, W., and Segel, G. (2011). What Explains the Development of Housing Prices and Rents in Israel 1999–2010. Bank of Israel Survey, 85. [in Hebrew]Google Scholar

Phillips, P. C. B., and Yu, J. (2011). Dating the Timeline of Financial Bubbles During the Subprime Crisis. Quantitative Economics, 2(3), 455–491.Google Scholar

Poterba, J. M. (1984). Tax Subsidies to Owner-Occupied Housing: An Asset-Market Approach. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 99(4), 729–752.Google Scholar

Raz-Dror, O. (2018). Issues in the Housing Market. Doctoral Dissertation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Rubin, Z., and Felsenstein, D. (2017). Supply Side Constraints in the Israeli Housing Market: The Impact of State-Owned Land. Land Use Policy, 65, 266–276.Google Scholar

Rubin, Z., and Felsenstein, D. (2019). Is Planning Delay Really a Constraint in the Provision of Housing? Some Evidence from Israel. Papers in Regional Science, 1–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Scanlon, K. (2011). Private Renting in Other Countries. In Scanlon, K. and Kochan, B. (eds.), Towards a Sustainable Private Rented Sector: The Lessons from Other Countries. London: LSE London, 15–44.Google Scholar

Snir, A. (2015). Breaking Barriers to Housing, Part C: Building Permits. Kohelet Policy Forum.Google Scholar

State Comptroller. (2015). Audit Report on the Housing Crisis. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Tzur-Ilan, N. (2019). The Effect of Credit Constraints on Housing Choices: The Case of LTV Limits. Discussion Paper 2017.03. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2927783.Google Scholar

Segu, M., and Vignolles, B. (2016). Taxing Vacant Apartments: Can Fiscal Policy Reduce Vacancy? Working Papers 2016.02, International Network for Economic Research.Google Scholar

Wercberger, E. (1997). Public Ownership of Land: A Vital Element in Land Policy or an Anachronistic Remnant? Economic Quarterly, 44(4), 558–573. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Wercberger, E., and Borukhov, E. (1999). The Israel Land Authority: Relic or Necessity? Land Use Policy, 16, 129–138.Google Scholar

Williamson, O. (1976). Franchise Bidding for Natural Monopoly: In General and with Respect to CATV. Bell Journal of Economics, 7, 73–104.Google Scholar

Yeshurun, G. (2015). Local Housing Supply Regulation and Domestic Migration in Israel. MA thesis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.Google Scholar

Ayalon, A., and Schechter, M. (1997). Economic Incentives in Solid Urban Waste Policy: Research Report for 1995–1996. Technion City, Haifa: Samuel Neaman Institute. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Ayalon, O., Avnimelech, Y., and Shechter, M. (2000). Application of a Comparative Multidimensional Life Cycle Analysis in Solid Waste Managemen Policy: The Case of Soft Drink Containers. Environmental Science & Policy, 3, 135–144.Google Scholar

Ayalon, O., Avnimelech, Y., and Shechter, M. (2001). Solid Waste Treatment as a High-Priority and Low-Cost Alternative for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation. Environmental Management, 27(5), 697–704.Google Scholar

Ayalon, O., Becker, N., and Shani, E. (2006). Economic Aspects of the Rehabilitation of the Hiriya Landfill. Waste Management, 26(11), 1313–1323.Google Scholar

Ayalon, A., Kun, E., and Segev, T. (2010). Life Cycle Analysis of Solid Urban Waste Treatment. Research 7321 for the Ministry of the Environment. Technion City, Haifa.Google Scholar

Bailey, I. (2007). Market Environmentalism: New Environmental Policy Instruments, and Climate Policy in the United Kingdom and Germany. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 97(3), 530–550.Google Scholar

Bank of Israel (2009). Environmental Policy Issues, 2008 Report. www.bankisrael.gov.il/deptdata/mehkar/doch09/eng/pe_9.pdf]]g.Google Scholar

Becker, N., and Lavee, D. (2002). The Effect and Reform of Water Pricing: The Israeli Experience. International journal of Water Resource Development, 18(2), 353–366.Google Scholar

CEWEP (2016). Landfill Tax & Bans: Confederation of European Waste-to-Energy Plants. http://cewep.eu/media/cewep.eu/org/med_557/1529_2016–10-10_cewep-landfill_inctaxesbans.pdf.Google Scholar

Eshet, T., Baron, M. G., Shechter, M., and Ayalon, O. (2007). Measuring Externalities of Waste Transfer Stations in Israel Using Hedonic Pricing. Waste Management, 27(5), 614–625.Google Scholar

EU (2016). EU Energy in Figures Statistical Pocketbook. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/pocketbook_energy-2016_web-final_final.pdf.Google Scholar

Feinerman, E., Finkelshtain, I., and Kan, I. (2004). On a Political Solution to the NIMBY Conflict. The American Economic Review, 94(1), 369–381.Google Scholar

Finkelshtain, I., and Kislev, Y. (1997). Prices versus Quantities: The Political Perspective. Journal of Political Economy, 105(1), 83–100.Google Scholar

Friedler, E. (2001). Water Reuse: An Integral Part of Water Resources Management: Israel as a Case Study. Water Policy, 3, 29–39.Google Scholar

Haruvy, N. (1998). Wastewater Reuse: Regional and Economic Considerations, Resources. Conservation and Recycling, 23, 57–66.Google Scholar

Hepburn, C. (2006). Regulation by Prices, Quantities or Both: A Review of Instrument Choice. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 22(2), 226–247.Google Scholar

Kan, I., Ayalon, O., and Federman, R. (2010). On the Efficiency of Composting Organic Wastes. Agricultural Economics, 41(2), 151–163.Google Scholar

Karsin, A. (2009). Effective Implementation of Environmental Policy: Encouraging Compliance and Streamlining Enforcement. Jerusalem: Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies, Center for Environmental Policy. [In Hebrew]Google Scholar

Lavee, D. (2010). A Cost–Benefit Analysis of a Deposit-Refund Program for Beverage containers in Israel. Waste Management, 30(2), 338–345.Google Scholar

Lavee, D. (2011). A Cost–Benefit Analysis of Alternative Wastewater Treatment Standards: A Case Study in Israel. Water and Environment Journal, 25(4), 504–512.Google Scholar

Lavee, D. (2014). Is the Upgrading of Wastewater Treatment Facilities to Meet More Stringent Standards Economically Justified? The Case of Israel. Water Resources, 41(5), 564–573.Google Scholar

Lavee, D., and Becker, N. (2009). A Cost–Benefit Analysis of Accelerated Vehicle Retirement. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 52(6), 777–795.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Lavee, D., and Joseph-Ezra, H. (2015). The Development and Use of Economic Instruments in Environmental Policy: The Case of Israel. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 17(2), 1–23.Google Scholar

Lavee, D., and Menachem, O. (2018). Identifying Policy Measures for Reducing Expected Air Pollution Across Israel and Analyzing Their Expected Effects. Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management, 20(1), 1850001.Google Scholar

Lavee, D., and Nardiya, S. (2013). A Cost Evaluation Method for Transferring Municipalities to Solid Waste Source-Separated System. Waste Management, 33(5), 1064–1072.Google Scholar

Lavee, D., Moshe, A., Menachem, O., Hubner, V., and Tenanzap, K. (2015). Analyzing Current and Expected Air Quality and Pollutant Emissions Across Israel. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 226(12), Article number 416.Google Scholar

MSC (2014). An Analysis of the Effects of Passage of S.379 on Litter, Recycling, Employment, and State and Local Financing. Boston: MSC (Massachusetts Siera Club).Google Scholar

Nissim, I., Shohat, T., and Inbar, Y. (2005). From Dumping to Sanitary Landfills: Solid Waste Management in Israel. Waste Management, 25(3), 323–327.Google Scholar

OECD (2016). Car Purchase Tax: Green Tax Reform in Israel. Working Party on Integrating Environmental and Economic Policies, June 30, 2016.Google Scholar

Olivieri, A., Seto, E., Cooper, R., Cahn, M., Colford, J., Crook, J., Debroux, J., Mandrell, R., Suslow, T., Tchobanoglous, G., Hultquist, R., Spath, D., and Mosher, J. (2014). Risk-Based Review of California’s Water-Recycling Criteria for Agricultural Irrigation. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 140(6). DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000833. http://ucanr.edu/datastoreFiles/234–2791.pdf.Google Scholar

Seroa Da Motta, R., Alban, T., Saade, Hazin L., Feres, J. G., Nauges, X. C., and Saade, Hazin A., eds. (2004). Economic Instruments for Water Management: The Cases of France, Mexico, and Brazil. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.Google Scholar

Water Authority (2010). National Long-Term Master Plan for the Water Sector, Policy Paper. 2nd edn. Tel Aviv: Water Authority, Planning Division. [Hebrew]Google Scholar

Water Authority (2015). Government Water and Sewage Municipality, Activity Report for 2014. Tel Aviv: Water Authority, Planning Division.Google Scholar

Zito, A. R., Jordan, A. J., and Wurzelx, R. (2011). Escaping the Regulatory State? Issues of Policy Instruments in the EU Environmental Policy Context. Paper prepared for the Sixth ECPR Annual Conference in Reykavik, Iceland 2011.Google Scholar