This chapter examines the interest in the apocalypse and the Mahdi, the Muslim saviour expected at the end of time, found in works of the Mongol period. While the Mongols were themselves seen by many Muslims as one of the signs of the apocalypse, in fact apocalyptic and Mahdist discourse was adopted by the Mongols on their conversion to Islam to justify their rule. In addition, both Seljuq sultans and Mongol governors of Anatolia sought to assert legitimacy in the face of the political crises of the period by identifying themselves as Mahdis, while the requirement for the Mahdi to impose perfect sharia law led to increase in persecution of Christians, contributing to the process of Islamisation. Yet interest in apocalyptic is reflected only in texts of limited circulation destined for an elite audience; contrary to what is argued in much of the existing literature, there is no evidence that it was either widespread more popularly, especially among the Turkmen, or that is was associated with Shiism.