This chapter covers the European system for the protection of human rights, highlighting the roles of the Council of Europe, the European Union, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). It examines the work of the European Court of Human Rights, the European Committee of Social Rights, and other specialized bodies in protecting and promoting human rights in Europe. The chapter discusses the legal and institutional framework of the European human rights system, the challenges and successes in its implementation, and the role of European institutions in advancing human rights standards.