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49 - In Vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes

from PART III - ASSISTED REPRODUCTION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2010

By
Ezgi Demirtas ,
Hananel Holzer ,
Shai Elizur ,
Yariv Gidoni ,
Ri-Cheng Chian  and
Seang Lin Tan
Edited by
Botros R. M. B. Rizk ,
Juan A. Garcia-Velasco ,
Hassan N. Sallam  and
Antonis Makrigiannakis
Botros R. M. B. Rizk
Affiliation:
University of South Alabama
Juan A. Garcia-Velasco
Affiliation:
Rey Juan Carlos University School of Medicine,
Hassan N. Sallam
Affiliation:
University of Alexandria School of Medicine
Antonis Makrigiannakis
Affiliation:
University of Crete
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Summary

DEVELOPMENT OF IN VITRO MATURATION

The history of in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes goes back to as far as the 1930s (1) to Pincus, Enzman, and Saunders who studied the maturation of mammalian oocytes including human oocytes in vivo and in vitro (1, 2). Pincus and his colleagues observed that when oocytes were removed from the follicles and cultured in the laboratory without hormones, they spontaneously resumed meiosis and progressed to the mature stage, metaphase II (MII), as they do in vivo. In 1965, Edwards (3, 4) described the kinetics of in vitro oocyte maturation both in animals – mice, sheep, cows, pigs, and rhesus monkeys – and in humans. He introduced tissue culture medium 199 (TCM-199) for IVM and showed that meiosis is resumed in 80 percent of immature oocytes independent of cycle day and gonadotropin support. He subsequently concluded that “human oocytes can be fertilized after maturation in-vitro.”

In 1983, Veeck et al. reported two pregnancies resulting from in vitro matured oocytes (5). These morphologically immature oocytes were recovered from human menopausal gonadotropin and/or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) primed cycles in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program.

Cha et al. published the first birth resulting from the fertilization of in vitro matured oocytes, which were harvested from an unstimulated ovary on cycle day 13 in an oocyte donation program (6). They also mentioned in the same report that immature oocytes were recovered from unstimulated ovaries both in proliferative and secretory phases.

Keywords

in vitro maturationintracytoplasmic sperm injectionoocyte maturationoocyte retrievalpolycystic ovary syndromeovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Type
Chapter
Information
Infertility and Assisted Reproduction , pp. 448 - 455
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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References

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