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12 - Biocultural Perspectives on Interpersonal Violence in the Prehistoric San Francisco Bay Area

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2018

By
Eric J. Bartelink ,
Viviana I. Bellifemine ,
Irina Nechayev ,
Valerie A. Andrushko ,
Alan Leventhal  and
Robert Jurmain
Edited by
Daniel H. Temple  and
Christopher M. Stojanowski
Daniel H. Temple
Affiliation:
George Mason University, Virginia
Christopher M. Stojanowski
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
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Summary

Over the past few decades, osteological evidence from central California hunter-gatherer populations has revealed unambiguous evidence of interpersonal violence during the Late Holocene. However, patterns of violence changed through time and indicate a higher prevalence of cranial vault trauma and trophy-taking early in time followed by a shift toward more projectile point injuries later in time. In this study, we examine Late Holocene patterns of interpersonal violence in the San Francisco Bay Area with respect to multiple ecological and geopolitical variables. Our results show that temporal patterns of violence do not correspond either with changes in climate, such as the severe drought conditions of the Medieval Climatic Anomaly, or with expected patterns associated with resource intensification models. Instead, we suggest that these patterns reflect evidence of long-term resilience, as Bay Area populations mediated both climate change and resource stress through a number of strategies. Further, we argue that sociopolitical changes and population movements are more important factors for explaining patterns of interpersonal violence in the region.
Type
Chapter
Information
Hunter-Gatherer Adaptation and Resilience
A Bioarchaeological Perspective
 , pp. 274 - 301
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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