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Chapter 19 - Seizures

from Part III - Specific Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2021

Neville M. Jadeja
Affiliation:
University of Massachusetts Medical School
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Summary

Seizures (epileptic) are manifestations of transient abnormal excessive or synchronized cerebral neuronal activity. Seizures may be provoked (acute conditions) or unprovoked (epilepsy). Seizures are classified as focal or generalized onset based on consistent clinical observation, EEG and imaging findings. Focal onset seizures originate from a single hemisphere while generalized seizures originate from bilateral hemispheres. Focal seizures may be further classified based on impairment of awareness (anytime during seizure) and motor or non-motor activity (at the very onset). Focal seizures without impaired awareness may not have surface EEG abnormalities. Focal seizures may secondarily generalize, these are now called focal to bilateral tonic clonic seizures. Generalized seizures are associated with impaired awareness, hence only motor or non-motor activity at onset is used to classify them. Common generalized motor seizures include generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCs), tonic, atonic, myoclonic, myoclonic-atonic and epileptic spasms. Common generalized non-motor seizures include typical and atypical absences, myoclonic absences and absences with eyelid myoclonia.

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Chapter
Information
How to Read an EEG , pp. 177 - 186
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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References

Fisher, RS, Cross, JH, French, JA, et al. Operational classification of seizure types by the International League against Epilepsy: position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr;58(4):522–30.Google Scholar
Verma, A, Radtke, R. EEG of partial seizures. Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2006 Aug 1;23(4):333–9.Google Scholar
Pressler, RM, Cilio, MR, Mizrahi, EM, et al. The ILAE classification of seizures and the epilepsies: modification for seizures in the neonate. Proposal from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures.Google Scholar
Berg, AT, Berkovic, SF, Brodie, MJ, et al. Revised terminology and concepts for organization of seizures and epilepsies: report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005–2009. Epilepsia. 2010 Apr;51(4):676–85.Google Scholar

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  • Seizures
  • Neville M. Jadeja
  • Book: How to Read an EEG
  • Online publication: 24 June 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108918923.021
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  • Seizures
  • Neville M. Jadeja
  • Book: How to Read an EEG
  • Online publication: 24 June 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108918923.021
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Seizures
  • Neville M. Jadeja
  • Book: How to Read an EEG
  • Online publication: 24 June 2021
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108918923.021
Available formats
×