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Appendix 3 - Household Knights’ Military Retinues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2021

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Summary

For the purposes of this appendix, four of the most notable campaigns of Edward III's reign have been selected as case studies for the household knights’ private military retinues. In each, the bannerets are listed first, followed by the simple household knights. The campaigns are: Edward's Scottish offensive of 1335; his first continental campaign to the Low Countries in 1338–1339; the largest of all his military campaigns, the Crécy-Calais campaign of 1346; and, finally, the Reims campaign of 1359–1360, the last military campaign that the king led in person, and the final to feature household knights. This selection provides sufficiently broad coverage to allow some useful conclusions to be drawn in Chapter 3. Moreover, each benefits from the survival of the necessary sources for such an investigation, the pay accounts (vadia guerra), which record details of the military captains serving with the army on each campaign, the size of their retinues, and the period over which they served. The exception to this is 1346. But, as discussed in detail in Chapter 1, while the section of the account book recording military service has not survived, there are a number of later transcriptions on which we can rely for much of the missing information. Given the imperfect information provided in these transcriptions, the figures given below for the army in 1346 should, at best, be seen as estimates. Moreover, because it is unclear what stage of the campaign the information in the Wetwang transcriptions represents, it has been assumed here, in keeping with the work of Andrew Ayton and Clifford Rogers, that the figures given in the transcriptions refer to the size and composition of each retinue as it was at the beginning of the campaign, when it was likely to have been at its strongest.

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The Household Knights of Edward III
Warfare, Politics and Kingship in Fourteenth-Century England
, pp. 284 - 294
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2021

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