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Design of an Oscillating Sprinkler

from Part VI - The 1980s

Gerald L. Alexanderson
Affiliation:
Santa Clara University
Peter Ross
Affiliation:
Santa Clara University
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Summary

Editors' Note: Charles Bart Braden took his PhD at the University of Oregon, having written a dissertation on Lie algebras under the direction of Charles Curtis. He is now Professor Emeritus of Mathematics and Computer Science at Northern Kentucky University. Between 1994 and 1998 he was editor of the MAA's College Mathematics Journal. He is also the author of Discovering Calculus with Mathematica (Wiley, 1992).

For this paper he won the Allendoerfer Award in 1986 and two years later he won the Allendoerfer Award again for a paper entitled “Pólya's Geometric Picture of Complex Contour Integrals.”

The common oscillating lawn sprinkler has a hollow curved sprinkler arm, with a row of holes on top, which rocks slowly back and forth around a horizontal axis. Water issues from the holes in a family of streams, forming a curtain of water that sweeps back and forth to cover an approximately rectangular region of lawn. Can such a sprinkler be designed to spread water uniformly on a level lawn?

We break the analysis into three parts:

  1. 1. How should the sprinkler arm be curved so that streams issuing from evenly spaced holes along the curved arm will be evenly spaced when they strike the ground?

  2. 2. How should the rocking motion of the sprinkler arm be controlled so that each stream will deposit water uniformly along its path?

  3. 3. How can the power of the water passing through the sprinkler be used to drive the sprinkler arm in the desired motion?

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Harmony of the World
75 Years of Mathematics Magazine
, pp. 229 - 236
Publisher: Mathematical Association of America
Print publication year: 2007

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