Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T11:15:34.502Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Eight - The Earliest Greek Colonisation in Campania

Pottery from Kyme, Pithekoussai and the Sarno Valley in the Light of Neutron Activation Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 May 2024

Stefanos Gimatzidis
Affiliation:
Austrian Archaeological Institute, Vienna
Get access

Summary

Examination of pottery production has always been of major importance for the understanding of colonial enterprise in the western Mediterranean during the Middle Geometric II period. Neutron Activation Analysis carried out on ceramics dating from this period to the Early Archaic period and exchanged between Pithekoussai, Kyme and the necropolises of the Valle del Sarno now elucidates the origin of some of the earliest Greek pottery used in the Phlegraean area. Analytical studies further demonstrate the complexity of Pithekoussan-Kymean pottery production and the modes of its consumption and diffusion in Campania and beyond. It was possible to ascertain the dominance of local over imported ceramic wares, and the high degree of specialisation achieved by the Phlegraean workshops from a very early phase. This allows us to clarify the dynamics of the contacts between the motherland and the colonial cities, and therefore between the colonies and the Indigenous and Etruscan hinterland.

Type
Chapter
Information
Greek Iron Age Pottery in the Mediterranean World
Tracing Provenance and Socioeconomic Ties
, pp. 244 - 284
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Albore Livadie, C. 1985. ‘Cuma preellenica’. In Napoli Antica, Catalogo della mostra, edited by Macchiaroli, G., 6275. Naples: Gaetano Macchiaroli.Google Scholar
Bailo Modesti, G. 1998. ‘Coppe a semicerchi penduli dalla necropoli di Pontecagnano’. In Euboica: L’Eubea e la presenza euboica in Calcidica e in Occidente, edited by d’Agostino, B. and Bats, M., 369–75. Naples: Centre Jean Bérard.Google Scholar
Bailo Modesti, G. and Gastaldi, B. P., eds. 1999. Prima di Pithecusa: i più antichi materiali greci del golfo di Salerno. Catalogo della Mostra, 29 aprile 1999, Pontecagnano Faiano, Museo Nazionale dell’Agro Picentino. Naples: Istituto universitario orientale di Napoli, Comune di Pontecagnano Faiano.Google Scholar
Boardman, J. 1996. ‘Euboeans Overseas: A Question of Identity’. In Minotaur and Centaur: Studies in the Archaeology of Crete and Euboea Presented to M.R. Popham, edited by Evely, D., Lemos, I. S. and Sherratt, S., 155–60. Oxford: Tempus Reparatum.Google Scholar
Buchner, G. 1963. ‘Dibattito’. In Metropoli e colonie di Magna Grecia: AttiTaranto 3. Taranto: L’Arte tipografica.Google Scholar
Buchner, G. 1975. ‘Nuovi aspetti e problemi posti dagli scavi di Pithecusa con particolari considerazioni sulle oreficerie di stile orientalizzante antico’. In Contribution à l’étude de la société et de la colonisation eubéennes, 5986. Naples: Centre Jean Bérard.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchner, G. 1981. ‘Pithekoussai: alcuni aspetti peculiari’. ASAtene 59: 263–72.Google Scholar
Buchner, G., and Ridgway, D.. 1993. Pithekoussai I. La necropoli: tombe 1–723, scavate dal 1952 al 1961. Rome: Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Cerchiai, L. 2013. ‘Mobilità nella Campania preromana: il caso di Pontecagnano’. In Mobilità geografica e mercenariato nell’Italia preromana, edited by della Fina, G. M., 139–62. Orvieto: La Fondazione.Google Scholar
Cerchiai, L. 2017. ‘Integrazione e ibridismi campani: Etruschi, Opici, Euboici tra VIII e VII sec. a.C.’. In Ibridazione e integrazione in Magna Grecia: Forme, modelli, dinamiche, 219–43. Taranto: Istituto per la Storia e l’Archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
Cerchiai, L., Rossi, A. and Santoriello, A.. 2009. ‘Area del Termovalorizzatore di Salerno: le indagini di archeologia preventiva e i risultati dello scavo archeologico’. In Archeologia preventiva: Esperienze a confronto, edited by Nava, M. L., 49107. Venosa: Osanna.Google Scholar
Coldstream, J. N. 1968. Greek Geometric Pottery. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Cook, R. M., and Dupont, P.. 1998. East Greek Pottery. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Coulié, A. 2015. ‘L’atelier du Dipylon: style, typologie et chronologie relative’. In Pots, Workshops and Early Iron Age Society: Function and Role of Ceramics in Early Greece, edited by Vlachou, V., 3748. Brussels: CReA-Patrimoine.Google Scholar
Criscuolo, P., and Pacciarelli, M.. 2009. ‘La facies cumana della prima età del Ferro nell’ambito dei processi di sviluppo medio–tirrenici’. In Cuma, 323–51. Taranto: Istituto per la storia e l’archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
D’Acunto, M. 2017. ‘Cumae in Campania during the Seventh Century bc’. In Interpreting the Seventh Century bc: Tradition and Innovation, edited by Charalambidou, X. and Morgan, C., 293329. Oxford: Archeaopress.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
d’Agostino, B. 1968. ‘Tombe orientalizzanti in contrada S. Antonio’. Notizie degli Scavi di Antichità 21: 75196.Google Scholar
d’Agostino, B. 1979. ‘Le necropoli protostoriche della Valle del Sarno: La ceramica di tipo greco’. AION 1: 5975.Google Scholar
d’Agostino, B. 2009. ‘Pithecusae e Cuma all’alba della colonizzazione’. In Cuma, 169–96. Taranto: Istituto per la storia e l’archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
d’Agostino, B. 2011. ‘Pithecusae e Cuma nel quadro della Campania di età arcaica’.RM 117: 3553.Google Scholar
d’Agostino, B. 2016. ‘La ceramica greca e di tipo greco’. In Pontecagnano III: Dizionario della cultura materiale. Fascicolo 1. La Prima Età del Ferro, edited by Gastaldi, P. and d’Agostino, B., 99103. Paestum: Pandemos.Google Scholar
d’Agostino, B., and D’Acunto, M.. 2009. ‘La città e le mura: nuovi dati dall’area nord della città antica’. In Cuma, 481522. Taranto: Istituto per la storia e l’archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
D’Anna, R. A., Pacciarelli, M. and Rota, L.. 2011. ‘Una tomba di alto rango dell’VIII secolo a.C. da San Marzano sul Sarno.’ In Gli Etruschi e la Campania settentrionale, edited by Paoletti, O. and Bettini, M.C., 591601. Pisa: F. Serra.Google Scholar
Dehl, C. 1983. ‘Cronologia e diffusione della ceramica corinzia dell’viii sec. a.C. in Italia’. ArchCl 35: 186210.Google Scholar
Descœudres, J. 2006. ‘Euboean Pottery Overseas (10th to 7th Centuries bc)’. Mediterranean Archaeology 19/20: 324.Google Scholar
DeVries, K. 2003. ‘Eighth–Century Corinthian Pottery: Evidence for the Dates of Greek Settlement in the West’. In Corinth [XX], the Centenary: 1896–1996, edited by Williams, C. K. and Bookidis, N., 141–56. Princeton, NJ: American School of Classical Studies at Athens.Google Scholar
Domínguez Monedero, A. J. 2008. ‘Los contactos “precoloniales” de griegos y fenicios en Sicilia’. In Contacto cultural entre el Mediterráneo y el Atlántico (siglos XII–VIII ane): La precolonización a debate, edited by Celestino, S., Rafael, S. N. and Armada, X.-L., 149–60. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Escuela Española de Historia y Arqueología en Roma.Google Scholar
Gadolou, A. 2011. Thapsos-Class Ware Reconsidered: The Case of Achaea in the Northern Peloponnese. Pottery Workshop or Pottery Style? Oxford: Archaeopress.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gadolou, A. 2017. ‘Thapsos-Class Pottery Style: A Language of Common Communication between the Corinthian Gulf Communities’. In Material Koinai in the Greek Early Iron Age and Archaic Period, edited by Handberg, S., and Gadolou, A., 323–42. Athens: Aarhus University Press and The Danish Institute at Athens.Google Scholar
Gialanella, C. 1994. ‘Pithecusa: gli insediamenti di Punta Chiarito. Relazione preliminare’. In Apoikia: Scritti in onore di Giorgio Buchner, edited by d’Agostino, B. and Ridgway, D., 169204. Naples: Istituto Universitario Orientale.Google Scholar
Greco, G. and Mermati, F.. 2006. ‘Pithecusa, Cuma e la Valle del Sarno. Intorno ad un corredo funerario dalla necropoli di San Marzano nel Sarno’. In Across Frontiers: Etruscans, Greeks, Phoenicans and Cipriots. Studies in Honour of D. Ridgway and F. R. Serra Ridgway, edited by Ridgway, D., Serra Ridgway, F. R. and Herring, E., 179214. London: Accordia Research Institute, University of London.Google Scholar
Greco, G. and Mermati, F.. 2007. ‘Le ceramiche arcaiche di Cuma: problemi di lettura e di analisi’. In Cuma: Il Foro. Scavi dell’Università di Napoli Federico II, 2000–2001, edited by Gasparri, C. and Greco, G., 311–36. Naples: Naus.Google Scholar
Jones, R. E. 1986. Greek and Cypriot Pottery: A Review of Scientific Studies. Athens: The British School at Athens.Google Scholar
Jones, R. E., and Buxeda I Garrigós, J.. 2004. ‘The Identity of Early Greek Pottery in Italy and Spain: An Archaeometric Perspective’. In Greek Identity in the Western Mediterranean: Papers in Honour of Brian Shefton, edited by Shefton, B. B. and Lomas, K., 83114. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelley, O. 2012. ‘Beyond Intermarriage: The Role of the Indigenous Italic Population at Pithekoussai’. OJA 31: 245–60.Google Scholar
Kerschner, M. and Lemos, I. S.. 2014. Archaeometric Analyses of Euboean and Euboean Related Pottery: New Results and their Interpretations. Proceedings of the Round Table Conference Held at the Austrian Archaeological Institute in Athens, 15 and 16 April 2011. Vienna: Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut.Google Scholar
Lemos, I. S. 2014. ‘The Cesnola Painter, Again’. In Eγραφσεν και εποιεσεν. Essays on Greek Pottery and Iconography in Honour of Professor Michalis Tiverios, edited by Valavanis, P. and Manakidou, E., 4754. Thessaloniki: University Studio Press.Google Scholar
Lo Schiavo, F. 2010. Le fibule dell’Italia meridionale e della Sicilia dall’età del Bronzo recente al VI secolo a.C. Stuttgart: Steiner.Google Scholar
Marinatos, N. 2004. ‘The Character of Minoan Epiphanies’. Illinois Classical Studies 29: 2542.Google Scholar
Mermati, F. 2012a. Cuma: Le ceramiche arcaiche. La produzione pithecusano–cumana tra la metà dell’VIII e l’inizio del VI secolo a.C. Pozzuoli: Naus.Google Scholar
Mermati, F. 2012b. ‘Osservazioni sulla costruzione dell’identità coloniale tra Pithekoussai e Cuma’. Mediterranean Archaeology 25: 283307.Google Scholar
Mermati, F. 2013. ‘The Mediterranean Distribution of Pithekoussan-Cumaean Pottery in the Archaic Period’. Accordia Research Papers 12: 97118.Google Scholar
Mermati, F. 2019. ‘Diffusione, circolazione e “percezione” della produzione ceramica pitecusano–cumana. Dinamiche di scambio e implicazioni culturali’. In Produzioni e committenze in Magna Grecia, 243–76. Taranto: Istituto per la Storia e l’Archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
Mommsen, H. 2014. ‘Provenancing by Neutron Activation Analyses and Results of Euboean and Euboean Related Pottery’. In Archaeometric Analyses of Euboean and Euboean Related Pottery: New Results and Their Interpretations. Proceedings of the Round Table Conference Held at the Austrian Archaeological Institute in Athens, 15 and 16 April 2011, edited by Kerschner, M. and Lemos, I. S., 1336. Vienna: Austrian Archaeological Institute.Google Scholar
Naso, A. 2014. ‘Pendent Semicircle Skyphoi from Central Italy in the Light of the Archaeometric Results: Find Contexts of the PSC Skyphoi from Italy’. In Archaeometric Analyses of Euboean and Euboean Related Pottery: New Results and Their Interpretations. Proceedings of the Round Table Conference Held at the Austrian Archaeological Institute in Athens, 15 and 16 April 2011, edited by Kerschner, M. and Lemos, I. S., 169–79. Vienna: Austrian Archaeological Institute.Google Scholar
Neeft, K. 1987. Protocorinthian Subgeometric Aryballoi. Amsterdam: Allard Pierson Museum.Google Scholar
Neeft, K. 1994. ‘In the Search of Wealth and Status in the Valle di San Montano’. In Apoikia: Scritti in onore di Giorgio Buchner, edited by d’Agostino, B. and Ridgway, D., 149–63. Naples: Istituto Universitario Orientale.Google Scholar
Nigro, M. 2006. ‘La ceramica in argilla grezza’. In Cuma: Le fortificazioni. 2. I materiali dai terrapieni arcaici, edited by Cuozzo, M., d’Agostino, B. and Del Verme, L., 5781. Naples: Naus.Google Scholar
Nizzo, V. 2007. ‘Nuove acquisizioni sulla fase preellenica di Cuma e sugli scavi di E. Osta’. MÉFRA 119: 483502.Google Scholar
Nizzo, V. 2015. Archeologia e antropologia della morte: Storia di un’idea. Bari: Edipuglia.Google Scholar
Olcese, G. 2017. ‘PITHECUSAN WORKSHOPS’. Il quartiere artigianale di S. Restituta di Lacco Ameno (Ischia) e i suoi reperti. Rome: Quasar.Google Scholar
Papadopoulos, J. K. 2017. ‘To Write and to Paint: More Early Iron Age Potters’ Marks in the Aegean’. In Panhellenes at Methone: Graphê in Late Geometric and Protoarchaic Methone, Macedonia (ca. 700 bce), edited by Strauss Clay, J., Malkin, I. and Tzifopoulos, Y. Z., 36104. Berlin: De Gruyter.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pelagatti, P. 1982. ‘I più antichi materiali di importazione a Siracusa, a Naxos e in altri siti della Sicilia orientale’. In La céramique grecque ou de tradition grecque au VIIIe siècle en Italie: Centrale et Méridionale, 113–80. Naples: Institut français de Naples.Google Scholar
Ridgway, D. 2004. ‘Euboeans and Others along the Tyrrhenian Seaboard in the 8th Century b.c.’. In Greek Identity in the Western Mediterranean: Papers in Honour of Brian Shefton, edited by Shefton, B. B. and Lomas, K., 1534. Leiden: Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ridgway, D. 2012. ‘Mobilità mediterranea: traffici e presenze egee e orientali in Occidente tra IX e VIII sec. a.C.’. In Alle Origini della Magna Grecia: Mobilità, migrazioni, fondazioni, 257–75. Taranto: Istituto per la Storia e l’Archeologia della Magna Grecia.Google Scholar
Robertson, M. 1948. ‘Excavations in Ithaca V: The Geometric and Later Finds from Aetos’. BSA 43: 9124.Google Scholar
Verdan, S., Kenelmann Pfyffer, A. and Léderrey, C.. 2013. Céramique géométrique d’érétrie, Eretria XX: Fouilles et recherche. Lausanne: Ecole suisse d’archéologie en Grèce.Google Scholar
Vlachou, V. 2015. ‘From Pots to Workshops: The Hirschfeld Painter and the Late Geometric I Context of the Attic Pottery Production’. In Pots, Workshops and Early Iron Age Society: Function and Role of Ceramics in Early Greece, edited by Vlachou, V., 4974. Brussels: CReA-Patrimoine.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×