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23 - Crustal-Scale Stress Modelling to Investigate Glacially Triggered Faulting

from Part VI - Modelling of Glacially Induced Faults and Stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2021

By
Sofie Gradmann  and
Rebekka Steffen
Edited by
Holger Steffen ,
Odleiv Olesen  and
Raimo Sutinen
Holger Steffen
Affiliation:
Lantmäteriet, Sweden
Odleiv Olesen
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Norway
Raimo Sutinen
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Finland
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Summary

Modelling of stresses that influence glacially triggered faulting has progressed substantially in the last decades with more complex models and improved modelling techniques, incorporation of a variety of relevant processes, better constraints of ice-loading history, higher model resolution and 3D geometries. Some recent developments are collected in this section to portray the scope and variability of numerical modelling relevant to glacially triggered faulting. These range from modelling of the general in situ stress field to studies on the stress field induced by glacial loading and unloading.

An appropriate estimation of the ambient background stress field is crucial for determining the effect of additional ice loading (or unloading) on pre-stressed faults. Contributions from local and far-field stress sources (topography, tectonics) need to be reconciled with in situ measurements from boreholes and fault-plane solutions from earthquakes. We describe the different types of stresses in glaciated regions with a focus on Scandinavia together with the techniques used to incorporate stresses into numerical models.

Keywords

Stress FieldFinite Element ModellingGravityOverburden StressTectonic StressGeodynamic StressThermal StressPore-Fluid PressureFlexure
Type
Chapter
Information
Glacially-Triggered Faulting , pp. 402 - 416
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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