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16 - Cross-cultural differences as meaning systems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Lutz H. Eckensberger
Edited by
Fons J. R. van de Vijver ,
Athanasios Chasiotis  and
Seger M. Breugelmans
Lutz H. Eckensberger
Affiliation:
DIPF, University of Frankfurt, Germany
Fons J. R. van de Vijver
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Athanasios Chasiotis
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
Seger M. Breugelmans
Affiliation:
Universiteit van Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Summary

Centrality and scope of meaning in science: introductory notes

Description and explanation differ in that the latter goes beyond given data by relating these to a theory. It is only through this relation to a theoretical framework that data obtain their meaning. That is equivalent to saying that data as such are meaningless. Therefore theory building is necessarily the goal of any science, and for the construction of the meaning of data it is essential. This is true for the process of theory building and testing. In other words, no sciences can relinquish the process of interpretation, of meaning making. All (not only qualitative) data need interpretation (see also Karasz, this volume). Thus quantitative sciences also contain ‘interpretative speculations’ (Teo, 2008), which are ‘not just descriptions of data, but impart meaning to data and make results understandable’ (p. 51). Teo calls this phenomenon the ‘hermeneutic surplus of interpretation’. So, basically the topic of the following pages necessarily aims right at the heart of science in general, although I restrict the discussion to a particular domain of social science: cross-cultural psychology.

This argument has three implications. Firstly, strict objectivity in data gathering and data interpretation is an illusion.

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Fundamental Questions in Cross-Cultural Psychology , pp. 407 - 441
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

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