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2 - Measuring Exposure: Frequency as a Linguistic Game Changer

from Part I

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 September 2019

Dagmar Divjak
Affiliation:
University of Birmingham
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Summary

Frequencies of occurrence play an important role in usage-based linguistics. This is because the information contained in (co-)occurrence frequencies can be used to explain how a grammar is constructed from the ground up with nothing but general cognitive capacities that detect regularities in sensory input. Usage-based linguists hypothesize that what we learn is a probabilistic grammar grounded in our language experience; this approach diverges markedly from the generativist position that limits the use of environmental triggers to set parameters specifying a fixed set of mutually exclusive linguistic properties. In such an experience-based grammar – which is the cognitive organization of someone’s experience with language – linguistic categories and linguistic structures are associated with activation or likelihood values that are determined by their relative frequencies in language use (see Elman et al. 1996 among other classics).

Type
Chapter
Information
Frequency in Language
Memory, Attention and Learning
, pp. 40 - 71
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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