The production of a facial reconstruction requires intimate knowledge of facial anatomy, and considerable research should be carried out prior to any reconstruction attempt, preferably using human dissections. Excellent facial anatomy references can be found in Gray's Anatomy (1980); Sobotta (1983); Kahle et al. (1992). Figs. 1.13 and 6.1 illustrate the facial musculature. Forensic facial reconstruction cases tend to involve human remains that cannot be identified by the usual police investigative channels. The police may have already followed all crime scene clues such as physical, circumstantial or biological evidence. The identification of an individual is the field of the forensic anthropologist and the forensic odontologist, and many routes of analysis may be pursued. Analysis of the skeleton determines the sex, age, racial origin, stature and pathological condition. A written description of the individual may not elicit a response from the general public or the authorities, and a facial reconstruction may be suggested as a last option. Usually in these cases the original material is skeletal, but soft tissue may be present if the body has been burnt, partially decomposed or submerged in water. If any soft tissue is present this may provide important information regarding the individual's facial features and, ideally, the remains should be assessed and photographed prior to receipt of the skull for reconstruction.