Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T03:03:15.883Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

4 - Adding Insult to Injury: The Contributions of Politeness Theory to Understanding Hurt Feelings in Close Relationships

from PART II - CONCEPTUALIZING HURT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2010

Anita L. Vangelisti
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin
Get access

Summary

A clerk in a clothing and jewelry store told one of us about an incident in which a customer said to her, “You aren't helping me at all here.” The clerk reported that, normally, this comment would have hurt her feelings, but it did not because several other customers and coworkers rolled their eyes, smiled, shrugged, and gave other signs that the clerk interpreted as indicating that the customer was being unreasonable and the comment should be ignored. On another occasion, one of us overheard a group of teenage girls talking. In front of the group, one of the girls said to another, “It hurt my feelings when you blew me off last weekend. You're supposed to be my best friend,” to which the other girl responded, “We're not best friends. Why are you being such a drama queen?” In both examples, feeling hurt was not only a matter of an individual's internal state but also involved performances in which roles and hurt were interactively negotiated.

Why might the same event or comment be more hurtful if others witness it or if it is stated bluntly rather than tactfully? How is hurt related to embarrassment, and how do others' reactions to a hurtful event shape the experience? What is accomplished by retelling the story of one's own or another's hurt? These anecdotes and questions remind us that sometimes we suffer not only injury to our internalized sense of self but also insult to our public image.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Afifi, W. A., Falato, W. L., & Weiner, J. L. (2001). Identity concerns following a severe relational transgression: The role of discovery method for the relational outcomes of infidelity. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 18, 291–308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baumeister, R. F., Stillwell, A., & Wotman, S. R. (1990). Victim and perpetrator accounts of interpersonal conflict: Autobiographical narratives about anger. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 994–1005.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, P., & Levinson, , , S. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cameron, J. J., Ross, M., & Holmes, J. G. (2002). Loving the one you hurt: Positive effects of recounting a transgression against an intimate partner. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 307–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cupach, W. R., & Carson, C. L. (2002). Characteristics and consequences of interpersonal complaints associated with perceived face threat. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 19, 443–462.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeney, J. A. (2004). Hurt feelings in couple relationships: Towards integrative models of the negative effects of hurtful events. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 21, 487–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Feeney, J. A., & Hill, A. (2006). Victim-perpetrator differences in reports of hurtful events. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 23, 587–608.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goffman, E. (1967). Interaction ritual: Essays in face-to-face interaction. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.Google Scholar
Goldsmith, D. J. (2007). Brown and Levinson's politeness theory. In Whaley, B. B. & Samter, W. (Eds.), Explaining communication: Contemporary theories and exemplars (pp. 219–236). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Goldsmith, D. J. (2008). Politeness theory: How we use language to save face. In Baxter, L. A. & Braithwaite, D. (Eds.), Engaging theories in interpersonal communication: Multiple perspectives (pp. 255–267). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kowalski, R. M. (2000). “I was only kidding!”: Victims' and perpetrators' perceptions of teasing. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 231–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leary, M. R., Springer, C., Negel, L., Ansell, E., & Evans, K. (1998). The causes, phenomenology, and consequences of hurt feelings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1225–1237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Metts, S. (2000). Face and facework: Implications for the study of personal relationships. In Dindia, K. & Duck, S. (Eds.), Communication and personal relationships (pp. 77–93). Chichester: Wiley.Google Scholar
Mikula, G., Athenstaedt, U., Heschgl, S., & Heimgartner, A. (1998). Does it only depend on the point of view? Perspective-related differences in justice evaluations of negative incidents in personal relationships. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 931–962.3.0.CO;2-5>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, C. W., & Roloff, M. E. (2005). Gender and willingness to confront hurtful messages from romantic partners. Communication Quarterly, 53, 323–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, K. I., Consadine, J., & Garner, J. (2007). “Let me tell you about my job”: Exploring the terrain of emotion in the workplace. Management Communication Quarterly, 20, 231–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mills, R. S. L., Nazar, J., & Farrell, H. M. (2002). Child and parent perceptions of hurtful messages. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 19, 731–754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schütz, A. (1999). It was your fault!: Self-serving biases in autobiographical accounts of conflicts in married couples. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 16, 193–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snapp, C. M., & Leary, , , M. R. (2001). Hurt feelings among new acquaintances: Moderating effects of interpersonal familiarity. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 18, 315–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L. (1994). Messages that hurt. In Cupach, W. R. & Spitzberg, B. H. (Eds.), The dark side of interpersonal communication (pp. 53–82). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L. (2007). Communicating hurt. In Cupach, W. R. & Spitzberg, B. H. (Eds.), The dark side of interpersonal communication (2nd ed., pp. 121–142). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., & Crumley, L. P. (1998). Reactions to messages that hurt: The influence of relational contexts. Communication Monographs, 65, 173–196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., & Maguire, K. (2002). Hurtful messages in family relationships: When the pain lingers. In Harvey, J. H. & Wenzel, A. (Eds.), A clinician's guide to maintaining and enhancing close relationships (pp. 43–62). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., & Young, S. L. (2000). When words hurt: The effects of perceived intentionality on interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 17, 393–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangelisti, A. L., Young, S. L., Carpenter-Theune, K. E., & Alexander, A. L. (2005). Why does it hurt?: The perceived causes of hurt feelings. Communication Research, 32, 443–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldron, V. R., & Kelley, D. L. (2005). Forgiving communication as a response to relational transgressions. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22, 723–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watts, R. (2003). Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, S. L. (2004). Factors that influence recipients' appraisals of hurtful communication. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 21, 291–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zechmeister, J. S., & Romero, C. (2002). Victim and offender accounts of interpersonal conflict: Autobiographical narratives of forgiveness and unforgiveness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 675–686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×