Restoration seeks to assist Nature recover from a degraded, damaged – even dilapidated – state. Potential benefits from restoring our ecosystems have been discussed earlier in the Review (see in particular Chapter 2). Restored ecosystems are more effective at providing regulating services, which have been lost in many places due to overharvesting of provisioning goods (Chapters 2 and 16). Restoration can make a significant contribution to the mitigation of, and adaptation to, climate change. Successful restoration requires a wider understanding of the relationship between people, Nature and livelihoods, and effective institutions. It relies on sound science, clear objectives, community engagement, monitoring and evaluation (Wortley, Hero, and Howes, 2013; Perring et al. 2015; Gann et al. 2019).