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14 - Role of Visual Attention in Developmental Dyslexia

from Part II - Cross-Linguistic Perspectives on Developmental Dyslexia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2019

By
Andrea Facoetti ,
Sandro Franceschini  and
Simone Gori
Edited by
Ludo Verhoeven ,
Charles Perfetti  and
Kenneth Pugh
Ludo Verhoeven
Affiliation:
Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen
Charles Perfetti
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh
Kenneth Pugh
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
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Summary

Attention is a neurocognitive process composed by subprocesses located in several brain areas and controlled by specific neurotransmitters (Petersen & Posner, 2012). This process aims to select relevant information and modulates sensory processing, perception, memory, and learning. This selection of information processing – based on the combination of perceptual noise exclusion and signal enhancement – is fundamental in developing fine object representations in the brain (see Corbetta & Shulman, 2011; Petersen & Posner, 2012; Roelfsema, van Ooyen, & Watanabe, 2010, for reviews).

Alerting and orienting are the two main processes involved in reading acquisition. Alerting is defined as the multisensory attentional process that increases performance during tasks (Petersen & Posner, 2012), producing a phasic change in alertness (e.g., Ronconi et al., 2016). The alerting system can already be measured in the infant brain (e.g., Ronconi, Facoetti et al., 2014).

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Developmental Dyslexia across Languages and Writing Systems , pp. 307 - 326
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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