Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T09:56:23.766Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

4 - Some semantic and pragmatic distinctions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2009

Christopher Lyons
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Get access

Summary

In the discussion of the nature of definiteness in Chapter 1, various distinctions apparently subsidiary to that between definite and indefinite were made: identifiable and inclusive, situational and anaphoric, specific and nonspecific. We will examine these distinctions more closely in this chapter, with a view to determining whether they warrant splitting the concepts of definite and indefinite into a number of independent parameters of meaning, which just happen not to have distinct encodings in certain languages. In other words, could it be that English the expresses two or more separate semantic categories, misleading us into failing to see them as distinct? Or that “definite” is a broad, superordinate category embracing a number of distinct but related categories, which can be expected to be separately encoded in some languages? There are also semantic distinctions, like that between generic and non-generic, which appear to be independent of that between definite and indefinite, but which interact with the latter distinction. Generics are typically definite in form in some languages, but not in others. But generics do have a lot in common with definites in terms of behaviour, so the question arises: are they also a kind of semantically definite expression which does not necessarily appear in definite form in certain languages (like English) in which the encoding of [+ Def] by an article is limited to a more restricted version of definiteness? Finally, we return to the analysis of proper nouns, which we have seen resemble generics in being overtly definite in form in some languages but not in others. It will be suggested that proper nouns are a kind of generic.

Type
Chapter
Information
Definiteness , pp. 157 - 198
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×