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9 - CREATING A MULTIETHNIC DEMOCRACY, 1982–2002

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2011

Herbert S. Klein
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
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Summary

The forced resignation of the last military junta in September 1982, and the decision to recall the congress that was elected in 1980, finally brought an end to the era of military authoritarian regimes. This reconstituted congress immediately elected Hernán Siles Zuazo to the presidency in August 1982. In one stroke, the democratic political system was revived. On the left was Siles Zuazo, the leader of the reconstituted progressive wing of the MNR, who was allied with traditional labor leaders of the COB, newer peasant leaders, various parties of the left, and the important MIR group of radical intellectuals led by Jaime Paz Zamora, who became his vice president. To the right and center were the parties that had run in the original 1979 and 1980 elections, all now well developed political forces that would dominate the national political scene for the next decade. In the center was the historic MNR – led by Víctor Paz Estenssoro – which incorporated both the older center and right of the party and a group of older Indian leaders who, although they had become independent of the MNR, still gave strong support to Paz Estenssoro. Finally there was the ADN (Acción Democrática Nacionalista), the party that was founded by Banzer at the end of his military rule, and that he then expanded in April 1979 to include elements of the old Falange as well as the reconstituted PIR.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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