Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Designing multiple pulse experiments
- 3 Mukamelian or perturbative expansion of the density matrix
- 4 Basics of 2D IR spectroscopy
- 5 Polarization control
- 6 Molecular couplings
- 7 2D IR lineshapes
- 8 Dynamic cross-peaks
- 9 Experimental designs, data collection and processing
- 10 Simple simulation strategies
- 11 Pulse sequence design: Some examples
- Appendix A Fourier transformation
- Appendix B The ladder operator formalism
- Appendix C Units and physical constants
- Appendix D Legendre polynomials and spherical harmonics
- Appendix E Recommended reading
- References
- Index
11 - Pulse sequence design: Some examples
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2012
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Designing multiple pulse experiments
- 3 Mukamelian or perturbative expansion of the density matrix
- 4 Basics of 2D IR spectroscopy
- 5 Polarization control
- 6 Molecular couplings
- 7 2D IR lineshapes
- 8 Dynamic cross-peaks
- 9 Experimental designs, data collection and processing
- 10 Simple simulation strategies
- 11 Pulse sequence design: Some examples
- Appendix A Fourier transformation
- Appendix B The ladder operator formalism
- Appendix C Units and physical constants
- Appendix D Legendre polynomials and spherical harmonics
- Appendix E Recommended reading
- References
- Index
Summary
The concepts outlined in the previous chapters lay a foundation from which new pulse sequences can be designed. We have covered two types of 2D IR spectra that can be generated with third-order pulse sequences, the so-called rephasing and non-rephasing pulse sequences. We start this chapter by presenting the third type of third-order 2D IR pulse sequence, which we term the two-quantum (2Q) pulse sequence, for reasons that will become apparent. We then improve upon this two-quantum pulse sequence by adding two more laser pulses to generate a fifth-order two-quantum coherence, which also enables 3D IR experiments. Purely absorptive 3D IR experiments are described as are transient 2D IR spectroscopies which are also fifth-order nonlinear experiments. Currently, 3D IR pulse sequences are largely unexplored, and the ones that have been implemented have only been applied to a few molecules. This chapter is written to illustrate some of the basic concepts to serve as a platform for more sophisticated experiments in the future.
Two-quantum pulse sequence
Third-order 2D IR spectra are generated from pulse sequences that interact three times with the sample. The electric field for one of the pulse interactions must be the complex conjugate of the other two, which gives rise to the third basic types of third-order 2D IR spectra: E*1E2E3, E1E*2E3, E1E2E.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Concepts and Methods of 2D Infrared Spectroscopy , pp. 233 - 253Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2011