In this chapter, I give an overview of the taxonomic classification of living colobine monkeys, primate subfamily Colobinae. With ten genera, 78 species and 124 taxa (species and subspecies) currently recognized, colobines are one of the most diverse primate subfamilies. Here, I follow the taxonomy proposed by Mittermeier et al. and Rowe and Myers, and discuss taxonomic changes over the last 50 years. Although our knowledge on colobine diversity and evolution increased considerably in recent decades, the current taxonomic classification of colobines should be regarded as preliminary and further changes will be required when additional data on ecology, behaviour, morphology and genetics become available. However, besides the need of additional biological data we need also to agree on how to classify colobine diversity (i.e. which species concept is applied) in order to establish a refined and broadly acceptable colobine taxonomy.