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Chapter 9 - Imaging perfusion and blood–brain barrier permeability using T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging

from Section 1 - Physiological MR techniques

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Steven P. Sourbron  and
David L. Buckley
Edited by
Jonathan H. Gillard ,
Adam D. Waldman  and
Peter B. Barker
Jonathan H. Gillard
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Adam D. Waldman
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Peter B. Barker
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

Introduction

T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an experimental technique designed to measure tissue hemodynamic parameters.[1–3] For this purpose, contrast medium (the tracer) is rapidly injected intravenously. The passage of the bolus through the tissue causes changes in the longitudinal relaxation rate R1 (1/T1) that are measured with a dynamic T1-weighted imaging technique (Fig. 9.1). The principles of MRI signal theory are used to determine tracer concentration–time curves from the measured signal changes. In a second step, tracer kinetic principles [4,5] are applied to derive the relevant perfusion and/or blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability parameters.

Perfusion and permeability parameters

Perfusion parameters characterize the state of the microvasculature (Fig. 9.2). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) quantifies tissue perfusion and is conventionally expressed in units of milliliters of blood per minute per 100 g tissue. Cerebral blood volume (CBV) quantifies the volume of the microvasculature and has the units of milliliters of blood per 100 g tissue. Compared with other organs, normal brain tissue is characterized by low blood volumes, with CBV in the range 2–4 ml/100 g.[6]

Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical MR Neuroimaging
Physiological and Functional Techniques
 , pp. 113 - 128
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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