Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:17:39.111Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Bibliography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2020

Brian F. Crisp ,
Santiago Olivella  and
Guillermo Rosas
Brian F. Crisp
Affiliation:
Washington University, St Louis
Santiago Olivella
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Guillermo Rosas
Affiliation:
Washington University, St Louis
Get access

Summary

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
The Chain of Representation
Preferences, Institutions, and Policy across Presidential Systems
 , pp. 245 - 252
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Achen, Christopher H. 1978. “Measuring Representation.” American Journal of Political Science 22(3):475–510.Google Scholar
Achen, Christopher H. and Bartels, Larry M. y. 2017. Democracy for Realists: Why Elections Do Not Produce Responsive Government. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Alemán, Eduardo and Schwartz, Thomas. 2006. “Presidential Vetoes in Latin American Constitutions.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 18(1):98–120.Google Scholar
Alemán, Eduardo and Tsebelis, George. 2011. “Political Parties and Government Coalitions in the Americas.” Journal of Politics in Latin America 3(1):3–28.Google Scholar
Amorim Neto, Octavio and Cox, Gary W.. 1997. “Electoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures, and the Number of Parties.” American Journal of Political Science 41(1): 149–174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andeweg, Rudy B. 2011. Approaching Perfect Policy Congruence: Measurement, Development, and Relevance for Political Representation. In How Democracy Works: Political Representation and Policy Congruence in Modern Societies. Amsterdam University Press, pp. 39–52.Google Scholar
Arnold, Christian, Doyle, David, and Wiesehomeier, Nina. 2017. “Presidents, Policy Compromise, and Legislative Success.” Journal of Politics 79(2):380–395.Google Scholar
Austen-Smith, David and Banks, Jeffrey. 1988. “Elections, Coalitions, and Legislative Outcomes.” American Political Science Review 82(02):405–422.Google Scholar
Bafumi, Joseph, Gelman, Andrew, Park, David K., and Kaplan, Noah. 2005. “Practical Issues in Implementing and Understanding Bayesian Ideal Point Estimation.” Political Analysis 13(2):171–187.Google Scholar
Bafumi, Joseph and Herron, Michael C.. 2010. “Leapfrog Representation and Extremism: A Study of American Voters and Their Members in Congress.” American Political Science Review 104(3):519–542.Google Scholar
Bailey, Michael A. 2007. “Comparable Preference Estimates across Time and Institutions for the Court, Congress, and Presidency.” American Journal of Political Science 51(3):433–448.Google Scholar
Baker, Andy. 2009. The Market and the Masses in Latin America: Policy Reform and Consumption in Liberalizing Economies. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Baker, Andy and Greene, Kenneth F.. 2011. “The Latin American Left’s Mandate. Free-Market Policies and Issue Voting in New Democracies.” World Politics 63(1): 43–77.Google Scholar
Bauer, Paul C., Barberá, Pablo, Ackermann, Kathrin, and Venetz, Aaron. 2017. “Is the Left-Right Scale a Valid Measure of Ideology? Individual-Level Variation in Associations with “Left” and “Right” and Left-Right Self-Placement.” Political Behavior 39(3):553–583.Google Scholar
Benoit, Kenneth and Laver, Michael. 2007. “Estimating Party Policy Positions: Comparing Expert Surveys and Hand-Coded Content Analysis.” Electoral Studies 26(1): 90–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Besley, Timothy. 2007. Principled Agents?: The Political Economy of Good Government. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bianco, William T. 1994. Trust: Representatives and Constituents. University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Blais, André and Bodet, Marc André. 2006. “Does Proportional Representation Foster Closer Congruence between Citizens and Policy Makers?” Comparative Political Studies 39(10):1243–1262.Google Scholar
Booth, John A. and Seligson, Mitchell A.. 2009. The Legitimacy Puzzle in Latin America: Political Support and Democracy in Eight Nations. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bormann, Nils-Christian and Golder, Matt. 2013. “Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946–2011.” Electoral Studies 32(2):360–369.Google Scholar
Brady, David W. and Volden, Craig. 2006. Revolving Gridlock: Politics and Policy from Jimmy Carter to George W. Westview Press.Google Scholar
Budge, Ian and Klingemann, Hans-Dieter. 2001 . Finally! Comparative Over-Time Mapping of Party Policy Movement. In Mapping Policy Preferences. Estimates for Parties, Electors, and Governments 1945–1998, eds. Budge, Ian, Klingemann, Hans-Dieter, Volkens, Andrea, Bara, Judith, and Tanenbaum, Eric. Oxford University Press, chapter 2, pp. 19–50.Google Scholar
Carey, John M. 2003. Presidentialism and Representative Institutions. In Constructing Democratic Governance in Latin America, ed. Domínguez, Jorge I.. Hopkins, Johns University Press, pp. 11–42.Google Scholar
Carey, John M. and Hix, Simon. 2011. “The Electoral Sweet Spot: Low-Magnitude Proportional Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 55(2): 383–397.Google Scholar
Carey, John M. and Shugart, Matthew S.. 1998. Executive Decree Authority. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cheibub, Jose Antonio, Figueiredo, Argelina, and Limongi, Fernando. 2009. “Political Parties and Governors as Determinants of Legislative Behavior in Brazil’s Chamber of Deputies, 1988–2006.” Latin American Politics and Society 51(1):1–30.Google Scholar
Chinn, Menzie D. and Ito, Hiro. 2016. “The Chinn–Ito Index. A de Jure Measure of Financial Openness,” http://web.pdx.edu/~ito/Chinn-Ito_website.htm.Google Scholar
Clark, William R. and Golder, Matt. 2006. “Rehabilitating Duverger’s Theory: Testing the Mechanical and Strategic Modifying Effects of Electoral Laws.” Comparative Political Studies 39(6):679–708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coppedge, Michael. 1998. The Evolution of Latin American Party Systems. In Politics, Society, and Democracy: Latin America, eds. Mainwaring, Scott and Valenzuela, Arturo. Westview Press, pp. 171–206.Google Scholar
Coppedge, Michael, Gerring, John, Lindberg, Staffan I., et al. 2017. “V-Dem Dataset v7.0.” Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1987. “Electoral Equilibrium under Alternative Voting Institutions.” American Journal of Political Science 31(1):82–108.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1990.“Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 34(4):903–935.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1997.Making Votes Count: Strategic Coordination in the World’s Electoral Systems, vol. 7. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W. and Morgenstern, Scott. 2001. “Latin America’s Reactive Assemblies and Proactive Presidents.” Comparative Politics 33(2):171–189.Google Scholar
Crisp, Brian. 2000. Democratic Institutional Design: The Powers and Incentives of Venezuelan Politicians and Interest Groups. Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Crisp, Brian F., Desposato, Scott W., and Kanthak, Kristin. 2009. “Legislative Pivots, Presidential Powers, and Policy Stability.” The Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization 27(2):426–452.Google Scholar
Dahl, Robert. 1989. Democracy and Its Critics. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Duverger, Maurice. 1959. Political Parties: Their Organization and Activity in the Modern State. Methuen.Google Scholar
Dziuda, Wioletta and Loeper, Antoine. 2018. “Dynamic Pivotal Politics.” American Political Science Review 112(3):580–601.Google Scholar
Edwards, Sebastian. 1995. Crisis and Reform in Latin America: From Despair to Hope. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Erikson, Robert S., MacKuen, Michael B., and Stimson, James A.. 2002. The Macro Polity. Cambridge Studies in Political Psychology and Public Opinion. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Escaith, Hubert and Paunovic, Igor. 2004. “Reformas Estructurales en América Latina y el Caribe en el Período 1970–2000: Índices y Notas Metodológicas.” Documento electrónico LC/W.10.Google Scholar
Fearon, James. 1999. Electoral accountability and the Control of Politicians: Selecting Good Types versus Sanctioning Poor Performance. In Democracy, Accountability, and Representation, eds. Przeworski, Adam, Stokes, Susan C., and Manin, Bernard. Cambridge University Press, chapter 2, pp. 55–97.Google Scholar
Ferland, Benjamin. 2016. “Revisiting the Ideological Congruence Controversy.” European Journal of Political Research 55(2):358–373.Google Scholar
Fernández, Andrés, Klein, Michael W., Rebucci, Alessandro, Schindler, Martin, and Uribe, Martín. 2015. “Capital Control Measures: A New Dataset.” IMF Working Paper 15/80.Google Scholar
Fiorina, Morris. 1974. Representatives, Roll Calls, and Constituencies. Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Montero, García, Mercedes, . 2009. Presidentes y parlamentos: ¿quién controla la actividad legislativa en América Latina? Centro De Investigaciones Sociológicas, CIS.Google Scholar
Gelman, Andrew and Hill, Jennifer. 2007. Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gelman, Andrew and King, Gary. 1990. “Estimating Incumbency Advantage without Bias.” American Journal of Political Science 34:1142–1164.Google Scholar
Ghitza, Yair and Gelman, Andrew. 2013. “Deep Interactions with MRP: Election Turnout and Voting Patterns among Small Electoral Subgroups.” American Journal of Political Science 57(3):762–776.Google Scholar
Golder, Matt and Stramski, Jacek. 2010. “Ideological Congruence and Electoral Institutions.” American Journal of Political Science 54(1):90–106.Google Scholar
Grofman, Bernard. 2004. “Downs and Two-Party Convergence.” Annual Review of Political Science 7(1):25–46.Google Scholar
Hinich, Melvin J. and Munger, Michael C.. 1992. “A Spatial Theory of Ideology.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 4(1):31–52.Google Scholar
Honaker, James, King, Gary, and Blackwell, Matthew. 2011. “Amelia II: A Program for Missing Data.” Journal of Statistical Software 45(7):1–47, www.jstatsoft.org/v45/i07/.Google Scholar
Huber, John D. and Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 1994. “Congruence between Citizens and Policymakers in Two Visions of Liberal Democracy.” World Politics 46(03): 291–326.Google Scholar
Huber, John D. and Gabel, Matthew. 2000. “Putting Parties in Their Place: Inferring Party Left-Right Ideological Positions from Manifestos Data.” American Journal of Political Science 44(1):94–103.Google Scholar
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2017. “PARLINE Database on National Parliaments,” http://archive.ipu.org/parline-e/parlinesearch.asp.Google Scholar
Jackman, Simon. 2009. Bayesian Analysis for the Social Sciences. Wiley.Google Scholar
Jessee, Stephen A. 2009. “Spatial Voting in the 2004 Presidential Election.” American Political Science Review 103(1):59–81.Google Scholar
Jessee, Stephen A. 2010.“Partisan Bias, Political Information and Spatial Voting in the 2008 Presidential Election.” Journal of Politics 72(2):327–340.Google Scholar
Jessee, Stephen A. 2012.Ideology and Spatial Voting in American Elections. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, Valen E. and Albert, James H.. 1999. Modeling Ordinal Data. Springer.Google Scholar
Johnson, Gregg B. and Crisp, Brian F.. 2003. “Mandates, Powers, and Policies.”American Journal of Political Science 47(1):128–142.Google Scholar
Kang, Shin-Goo and Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 2010. “Representation and Policy Responsiveness: The Median Voter, Election Rules, and Redistributive Welfare Spending.” Journal of Politics 72(4):1014–1028.Google Scholar
Kim, HeeMin and Fording, Richard. 1998. “Voter Ideology in Western Democracies, 1946–1989.” European Journal of Political Research 33:73–98.Google Scholar
Kim, HeeMin, Powell, G. Bingham Jr., and Fording, Richard C.. 2010. “Electoral Systems, Party Systems, and Ideological Representation: An Analysis of Distortion in Western Democracies.” Comparative Politics 42(2):167–185.Google Scholar
King, Gary, Murray, Christopher J. L., Salomon, Joshua A., and Tandon, Ajay. 2003. “Enhancing the Validity and Cross-Cultural Comparability of Measurement in Survey Research.” American Political Science Review 97(04):567–583.Google Scholar
Kingdon, John W. 1973. Congressmen’s Voting Decisions. Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Kitschelt, Herbert, Hawkins, Kirk A., Luna, Juan P., Rosas, Guillermo, and Zechmeister, Elizabeth J.. 2010. Latin American Party Systems. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Krehbiel, Keith. 1998. Pivotal Politics: A Theory of U.S. Lawmaking. University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Laakso, Markku and Taagepera, Rein. 1979. “‘Effective’ Number of Parties: A Measure with Application to West Europe.” Comparative Political Studies 12(1):3–27.Google Scholar
Leys, Colin. 1959. “Models, Theories and the Theory of Political Parties.” Political Studies 7:127–146.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1984. Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 2012.Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Linzer, Drew A. 2012. “The Relationship between Seats and Votes in Multiparty Systems.” Political Analysis 20(3):400–416.Google Scholar
Lora, Eduardo. 2012. “Structural Reforms in Latin America: What Has Been Reformed and How to Measure It.” IDB Working Paper 346.Google Scholar
Lupu, Noam, Selios, Lucia, and Warner, Zach. 2017. “A New Measure of Congruence: The Earth Mover’s Distance.” Political Analysis 25(1):95–113.Google Scholar
Mainwaring, Scott. 2006. “The Crisis of Representation in the Andes.” Journal of Democracy 17(3):13–27.Google Scholar
Mainwaring, Scott and Shugart, Matthew S.. 1997. Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Manin, Bernard, Przeworski, Adam, and Stokes, Susan. 1999. “Elections and Representation.” In Democracy, Accountability, and Representation. Cambridge University Press, pp. 29–54.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane. 2003. “Rethinking Representation.” American Political Science Review 97:515–528.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane. 2009.“A ‘Selection Model’ of Political Representation.” The Journal of Political Philosophy 17(4):369–398.Google Scholar
Martin, Andrew D. and Quinn, Kevin M.. 2002. “Dynamic Ideal Point Estimation via Markov Chain Monte Carlo for the U.S. Supreme Court, 1953–1999.” Political Analysis 10(2):134–153.Google Scholar
Mayhew, David R. 1974. The Electoral Connection. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
McDonald, Michael D. and Budge, Ian. 2005. Elections, Parties, Democracy: Conferring the Median Mandate. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
McDonald, Michael D., Mendes, Silvia M., and Budge, Ian. 2004. “What Are Elections For? Conferring the Median Mandate.” British Journal of Political Science 34:1–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGann, Anthony J. 2013. “Estimating the Political Center from Aggregate Data: An Item Response Theory Alternative to the Stimson Dyad Ratios Algorithm.” Political Analysis 22(1):115–129.Google Scholar
McGhee, Eric. 2014. “Measuring Partisan Bias in Single-Member District Electoral Systems.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 39(1):55–85.Google Scholar
Miller, Warren E. and Stokes, Donald E.. 1963. “Constituency Influence in Congress.” American Political Science Review 51:45–56.Google Scholar
Morgenstern, Scott and Nacif, Benito, eds. 2002. Legislative Politics in Latin America. Cambridge Studies in Comparative Politics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Morgenstern, Scott and Vázquez-D’Elía, Javier. 2007. “Electoral Laws, Parties, and Party Systems in Latin America.” Annual Review of Political Science 10:143–168.Google Scholar
Morley, Samuel A., Machado, Roberto, and Pettinato, Stefano. 1999. “Indexes of Structural Reform in Latin America.” Documento electrónico LC/L.1166.Google Scholar
Murillo, Maria V., Oliveros, Virginia, and Vaishnav, Milan. 2013. Economic Constraints and Presidential Agency. In The Resurgence of the Latin American Left. Johns Hopkins University Press, pp. 52–70.Google Scholar
Murillo, Maria Victoria. 2009. Political Competition, Partisanship, and Policy Making in Latin American Public Utilities. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Negretto, Gabriel. 2014. Making Constitutions: Presidents, Parties, and Institutional Choice in Latin America. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pachón, Monica and Shugart, Matthew S.. 2010. “Electoral Reform and the Mirror Image of Inter-Party Competition: The Adoption of Party Lists in Colombia.” Electoral Studies 29(4):648–660.Google Scholar
Palanza, Valeria. 2018. Checking Presidential Power: Executive Decrees and the Legislative Process in New Democracies. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pemstein, Daniel, Marquardt, Kyle L., Tzelgov, Eitan, et al. 2017. “The V-Dem Measurement Model: Latent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data.” Working paper 21.Google Scholar
Pérez-Liñán, Aníbal. 2007. Presidential Impeachment and the New Political Instability in Latin America. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten, Roland, Gérard, and Tabellini, Guido. 1997. “Separation of Powers and Political Accountability.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 112(4):1163–1202.Google Scholar
Persson, Torsten and Tabellini, Guido. 2005. The Economic Effects of Constitutions. MIT Press.Google Scholar
Poole, Keith T. 1998. “Recovering a Basic Space from a Set of Issue Scales.” American Journal of Political Science 42(3):954–993.Google Scholar
Poole, Keith T., Lewis, Jeffrey B., Rosenthal, Howard, Lo, James, and Carroll, Royce. 2016. “Recovering a Basic Space from Issue Scales in R.” Journal of Statistical Software 69(7):1–21.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 2000. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr. 2004.“The Chain of Responsiveness.” Journal of Democracy 15(4):91–105.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr 2013.“Representation in Context: Election Laws and Ideological Congruence between Citizens and Governments.” Perspectives on Politics 11(01):9–21.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr and Vanberg, Georg S.. 2000. “Election Laws, Disproportionality and Median Correspondence: Implications for Two Visions of Democracy.” British Journal of Political Science 30(03):383–411.Google Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham Jr and Whitten, Guy D.. 1992. “A Cross-National Analysis of Economic Voting – Taking Account of the Political Context.” American Journal of Political Science 37(02):391–414.Google Scholar
Programa de Estudios Parlamentariors. 2018. “Tasa de Eficacia Legislativa,” https://parlamentosite.wordpress.com/2018/02/17/tasa-de-eficacia-del-pe/.Google Scholar
Reilly, Ben, Ellis, Andrew, and Reynolds, Andrew. 2005. Electoral System Design: The New International IDEA Handbook. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance.Google Scholar
Remmer, Karen. 2012. “The Rise of Leftist-Populist Governance in Latin America: The Roots of Electoral Change.” Comparative Political Studies 45(8):947–972.Google Scholar
Rosas, Guillermo. 2005. “The Ideological Organization of Latin American Legislative Parties: An Empirical Analysis of Elite Preferences.” Comparative Political Studies 38(7):824–849.Google Scholar
Saiegh, Sebastián. 2009. “Recovering a Basic Space from Elite Surveys: Evidence from Latin America.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 34(1):117–145.Google Scholar
Saiegh, Sebastián. 2011.Ruling by Statute: How Uncertainty and Vote Buying Shape Lawmaking. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Saiegh, Sebastián. 2015.“Using Joint Scaling Methods to Study Ideology and Representation: Evidence from Latin America.” Political Analysis 23:363–384.Google Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1968. Political Development and Political Engineering. In Public Policy. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Schwindt-Bayer, Leslie A. and Tavits, Margit. 2016. Clarity of Responsibility, Accountability, and Corruption. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Shugart, Matthew S. and Carey, John M.. 1992. Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Soroka, Stuart N. and Wlezien, Christopher. 2010. Degrees of Democracy: Politics, Public Opinion, and Policy. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Soroka, Stuart N. and Wlezien, Christopher. 2015.“The Majoritarian and Proportional Visions and Demorcratic Responsiveness.” Electoral Studies 40:539–547.Google Scholar
Stein, Ernesto, Tommasi, Mariano, and Scartascini, Carlos, eds. 2010. How Democracy Works: Political Institutions, Actors and Arenas in Latin American Policymaking. Inter-American Development Bank.Google Scholar
Stevenson, Randolph T. 2000. “The Economy and Policy Mood: A Fundamental Dynamic of Democratic Politics?” American Journal of Political Science 45(3): 620–633.Google Scholar
Stimson, James A. 1991. Public Opinion in America. Westview Press.Google Scholar
Stimson, James A. 1999.Party Government and Responsiveness. In Democracy, Accountability, and Representation. Cambridge University Press, pp. 197–221.Google Scholar
Stimson, James A., Mackuen, Michael B., and Erikson, Robert S.. 1995. “Dynamic Representation.” American Political Science Review 89(3):543–565.Google Scholar
Stokes, Susan C. 2001. Mandates and Democracy: Neoliberalism by Surprise in Latin America. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Taagepera, Rein and Shugart, Matthew S.. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Tsebelis, George. 2002. Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work. Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Van Buuren, Stef and Groothuis-Oudshoorn, Karin. 2011. “mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R.” Journal of Statistical Software 45(3):1–67, www.jstatsoft.org/v45/i03/.Google Scholar
Warwick, Paul V. and Zakharova, Maria. 2013. “Measuring the Median: The Risks of Inferring Beliefs from Votes.” British Journal of Political Science 43(1):157–175.Google Scholar
Wiesehomeier, Nina and Doyle, David. 2013. “Discontent and the Left Turn in Latin America.” Political Science Research and Methods 1(2):201–222.Google Scholar
Williamson, John. 1990. What Washington Means by Policy Reform. In Latin American Adjustment: How Much Has Happened?, ed. Williamson, John. Institute for International Economics, pp. 5–20.Google Scholar
Zechmeister, Elizabeth J. 2006. “What’s Left and Who’s Right? A q-Method Study of Individual and Contextual Influences on the Meaning of Ideological Labels.” Political Behavior 28(2):151–173.Google Scholar
Zechmeister, Elizabeth J. and Corral, Margarita. 2010. “The Varying Economic Meaning of ‘Left’ and ‘Right’ in Latin America.” AmericasBarometer Insights Series 38:1–10.Google Scholar
Zeileis, Achim and Grothendieck, Gabor. 2005. “zoo: S3 Infrastructure for Regular and Irregular Time Series.” Journal of Statistical Software 14(6):1–27, www.jstatsoft.org/v14/i06/.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Bibliography
  • Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St Louis, Santiago Olivella, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Guillermo Rosas, Washington University, St Louis
  • Book: The Chain of Representation
  • Online publication: 10 January 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108775564.018
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Bibliography
  • Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St Louis, Santiago Olivella, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Guillermo Rosas, Washington University, St Louis
  • Book: The Chain of Representation
  • Online publication: 10 January 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108775564.018
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Bibliography
  • Brian F. Crisp, Washington University, St Louis, Santiago Olivella, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Guillermo Rosas, Washington University, St Louis
  • Book: The Chain of Representation
  • Online publication: 10 January 2020
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108775564.018
Available formats
×