Book contents
- Cambridge Textbook Of Neuroscience for Psychiatrists
- Reviews
- Cambridge Textbook of Neuroscience for Psychiatrists
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Introduction
- 1 Cells
- 2 Neurotransmitters and Receptors
- 3 Basic Techniques in Neuroscience
- 4 Neuroanatomy
- 5 Neural Circuits
- 5.1 Appetite
- 5.2 Sleep
- 5.3 Sex and Sex Hormones
- 5.4 Violence and Aggression
- 5.5 Nociception and Pain
- 5.6 The Motor System and Movement Disorders
- 5.7 Computational Models of Learning
- 5.8 Habit Formation
- 5.9 Reward, Pleasure and Motivation
- 5.10 Emotion
- 5.11 Perception
- 5.12 Attention
- 5.13 Apathy, Anhedonia and Fatigue
- 5.14 Memory
- 5.15 Fronto-Executive Functions
- 5.16 Empathy and Theory of Mind
- 5.17 Language
- 5.18 Brain Networks and Dysconnectivity
- 6 Modulators
- 7 Genetics
- 8 Neurodevelopment and Neuroplasticity
- 9 Integrated Neurobiology of Specific Syndromes and Treatments
- 10 Neurodegeneration
- Index
- References
5.3 - Sex and Sex Hormones
from 5 - Neural Circuits
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 November 2023
Book contents
- Cambridge Textbook Of Neuroscience for Psychiatrists
- Reviews
- Cambridge Textbook of Neuroscience for Psychiatrists
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Introduction
- 1 Cells
- 2 Neurotransmitters and Receptors
- 3 Basic Techniques in Neuroscience
- 4 Neuroanatomy
- 5 Neural Circuits
- 5.1 Appetite
- 5.2 Sleep
- 5.3 Sex and Sex Hormones
- 5.4 Violence and Aggression
- 5.5 Nociception and Pain
- 5.6 The Motor System and Movement Disorders
- 5.7 Computational Models of Learning
- 5.8 Habit Formation
- 5.9 Reward, Pleasure and Motivation
- 5.10 Emotion
- 5.11 Perception
- 5.12 Attention
- 5.13 Apathy, Anhedonia and Fatigue
- 5.14 Memory
- 5.15 Fronto-Executive Functions
- 5.16 Empathy and Theory of Mind
- 5.17 Language
- 5.18 Brain Networks and Dysconnectivity
- 6 Modulators
- 7 Genetics
- 8 Neurodevelopment and Neuroplasticity
- 9 Integrated Neurobiology of Specific Syndromes and Treatments
- 10 Neurodegeneration
- Index
- References
Summary
Sex and gender are of increasing interest and importance in clinical medicine, and psychiatry in particular. A large body of scientific evidence from animal and human studies demonstrates widespread sex differences in neurochemistry, connectivity and structure in virtually all brain regions with consequences for emotional and behavioural regulation [1–3]. We also understand that mental illness is associated with changes in the structure, neurochemistry and function of the brain, which will be superimposed on the innate brain sex differences. These biological differences are thought to contribute to differences between men and women in the prevalence, age at onset, symptomatology, progression, pathology and therapeutic responsiveness manifest in neuropsychiatric, neurological and neurodegenerative disorders [1, 2, 4] (Table 5.3.1). A better understanding of brain sex differences will be critical to advancing our understanding of mental disorders in both sexes, enabling the development of different and improved preventive, diagnostic and treatment approaches that benefit both men and women.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Cambridge Textbook of Neuroscience for Psychiatrists , pp. 146 - 160Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023
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