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13 - Mikhail Bakunin and Social Anarchism

from The Arrival of the Hostile Siblings: Marxism and Anarchism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2022

By
Wolfgang Eckhardt
Edited by
Marcel van der Linden
Marcel van der Linden
Affiliation:
International Institute of Social History, Amsterdam
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Summary

The Russian revolutionary Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin was one of the great European socialists of the nineteenth century. Unlike most of his colleagues he does not, however, belong to the tradition of social democratic or party-communist state socialism. Together with Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, he is instead one of the founders of an anti-statist and social revolutionary socialism from which anarchism emerged.

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Chapter
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The Cambridge History of Socialism , pp. 308 - 330
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

Further Reading

Bakounine, Michel A. [Mikhail Bakunin], Archives Bakounine, 7 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1961–81). A more recent edition of Bakunin’s later writings and letters in the original languages, which provides the required intense contextualization of his writings.Google Scholar
Bakounine, Michel A. [Mikhail Bakunin], Oeuvres complètes, CD-ROM (Amsterdam: Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis, 2000). The first complete but totally unannotated edition of Bakunin’s works on CD-ROM.Google Scholar
Carr, Edward Hallett, Michael Bakunin (London: Macmillan, 1937). This book – a reassessment and synthesis of Nettlau’s and Steklov’s biographies, which together have long ceased to represent the current state of research, but form the basis of most of the modern Bakunin biographies – may suffer in many places from Carr’s delight in sensational details, but it still represents an uncomplicated and well-documented look at Bakunin’s life.Google Scholar
Nettlau, Max, Michael Bakunin. Eine Biographie, 4 vols. (1924–6), manuscript at the Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis in Amsterdam (Max Nettlau Papers, nos. 1706–1713). Nettlau personally interviewed many former friends and acquaintances of Bakunin, collected a large amount of material from and about Bakunin, and incorporated his research results into several biographical works, available only in handwriting; the most cited is his biography from 1896–1900; the above-mentioned is the most elaborated manuscript.Google Scholar
Steklov, Yurii, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin. Ego zhizn i deiatelnost [Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin: His Life and Work], 4 vols. (Moscow: Izdatelstvo Kommunisticheskoi Akademii, 1926–7). This biography by a Bolshevik historian is a biased work, which can be understood only in the context of the Soviet Bakunin research of the two post-revolutionary decades.Google Scholar
New biographical material is provided by many specialized studies, notably some drawing on sources from the former Central Party Archives in Moscow, which were largely inaccessible before 1990.Google Scholar

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