Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T05:15:38.623Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

20 - Cultural Neuroscience Basis of Intercultural Training and Education

from Part IV - New Interdisciplinary Approaches to Intercultural Training

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2020

Dan Landis
Affiliation:
University of Hawaii, Hilo
Dharm P. S. Bhawuk
Affiliation:
University of Hawaii, Manoa
Get access

Summary

Economic globalization brings increasing demands and opportunities for intercultural training and education that produce novel consequences on people’s mind, behavior, and life quality. Why and how do intercultural training and education change mind and behavior? This chapter aims to address these issues from a cultural neuroscience perspective. By reviewing recent brain imaging findings of East Asian/Western cultural differences in neural underpinnings of cognition and emotion, we discuss the neural basis for understanding intercultural training and education by examining changes of functional brain activity underlying cognitive and affective processes. We propose a theoretical analysis of intercultural training and education based on the culture-behavior-brain loop model of human development. Future issues related to intercultural training and education are discussed.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Benet-Martínez, V., Leu, J., Lee, F., & Morris, M. W. (2002). Negotiating biculturalism cultural frame switching in biculturals with oppositional versus compatible cultural identities. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 492516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiao, J. Y., & Ambady, N. (2007). Cultural neuroscience: Parsing universality and diversity across levels of analysis. In Kitayama, S. & Cohen, D. (Eds.), Handbook of cultural psychology (pp. 237–254). New York, NY: Guilford.Google Scholar
Chua, H. F., Boland, J. E., & Nisbett, R. E. (2005). Cultural variation in eye movements during scene perception. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102, 12629–12633.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chua, R. Y., Huang, K. G., & Jin, M. (2019). Mapping cultural tightness and its links to innovation, urbanization, and happiness across 31 provinces in China. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116, 6720–6725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cousins, S. D. (1989). Culture and self-perception in Japan and the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 124131.Google Scholar
Cuthbert, B., Schupp, H., Bradley, M., Birbaumer, N., & Lang, P. (2000). Brain potentials in affective picture processing: covariation with autonomic arousal and affective report. Biological Psychology, 52, 95111.Google Scholar
Epstein, R. A. (2008). Parahippocampal and retrosplenial contributions to human spatial navigation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12, 388396.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gelfand, M. J., Raver, J. L., & Nishii, L. et al. (2011). Differences between tight and loose cultures: A 33-nation study. Science, 332, 1100–04.Google Scholar
Grön, G., Schul, D., Bretschneider, V., Wunderlich, A. P., & Riepe, M. W. (2003). Alike performance during nonverbal episodic learning from diversely imprinted neural networks. European Journal of Neuroscience, 18, 31123120.Google Scholar
Hajcak, G., & Nieuwenhuis, S. (2006). Reappraisal modulates the electrocortical response to unpleasant pictures. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 6, 291297.Google Scholar
Han, S. (2017). The sociocultural brain: A cultural neuroscience approach to human nature. Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Han, S., & Ma, Y. (2014). Cultural differences in human brain activity: A quantitative meta-analysis. NeuroImage, 99, 293300.Google Scholar
Han, S., & Ma, Y. (2015). A culture–behavior–brain loop model of human development. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 19, 666676.Google Scholar
Han, S., Mao, L., Qin, J., Friederici, A. D., & Ge, J. (2011). Functional roles and cultural modulations of the medial prefrontal and parietal activity associated with causal attribution. Neuropsychologia, 49, 8391.Google Scholar
Han, S., & Humphreys, G. (2016). Self-construal: A cultural framework for brain function. Current Opinion in Psychology, 8, 1014.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hong, Y., Morris, M., Chiu, C., & Benet-Martinez, V. (2000). Multicultural minds: A dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition. American Psychologist, 55, 709720.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Han, S., & Northoff, G. (2008). Culture-sensitive neural substrates of human cognition: A transcultural neuroimaging approach. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9, 646654.Google Scholar
Han, S., Northoff, G., Vogeley, K., Wexler, B. E., Kitayama, S., & Varnum, M. E. (2013). A cultural neuroscience approach to the biosocial nature of the human brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 335359.Google Scholar
Jenkins, L. J., Yang, Y. J., Goh, J., Hong, Y. Y., & Park, D. C. (2010). Cultural differences in the lateral occipital complex while viewing incongruent scenes. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5, 236241.Google Scholar
Kelley, W. M., Macrae, C. N., Wyland, C. L., Caglar, S., Inati, S., & Heatherton, T. F. (2002). Finding the self? An event-related fMRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14, 785794.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kim, H. S., & Sasaki, J. Y. (2014). Cultural neuroscience: Biology of the mind in cultural contexts. Annual Review of Psychology, 65, 487514.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., & Cohen, D. (Eds.). (2010). Handbook of cultural psychology. New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., Duffy, S., Kawamura, T., & Larsen, J. T. (2003). Perceiving an object and its context in different cultures: A cultural look at new look. Psychological Science, 14, 201206.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., Ishii, K., Imada, T., Takemura, K., & Ramaswamy, J. (2006). Voluntary settlement and the spirit of independence: Evidence from Japan’s “northern frontier.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 369384.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., King, A., Yoon, C., Tompson, S., Huff, S., & Liberzon, I. (2014). The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) moderates cultural difference in independent versus interdependent social orientation. Psychological Science, 25, 11691177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kitayama, S., Park, H., Sevincer, A. T., Karasawa, M., & Uskul, A. K. (2009). A cultural task analysis of implicit independence: Comparing North America, Western Europe, and East Asia. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97, 236255.Google Scholar
Kitayama, S., & Uskul, A. K. (2011). Culture, mind, and the brain: Current evidence and future directions. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 419449.Google Scholar
Knight, N., & Nisbett, R. (2007). Culture, class and cognition: Evidence from Italy. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 7, 283291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kühnen, U., & Oyserman, D. (2002). Thinking about the self influences thinking in general: Cognitive consequences of salient self-concept. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 492499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lao, J., Vizioli, L., & Caldara, R. (2013). Culture modulates the temporal dynamics of global/local processing. Culture and Brain, 1, 158174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liew, S. L., Ma, Y., Han, S., & Aziz-Zadeh, L. (2011). Who’s afraid of the boss: Cultural differences in social hierarchies modulate self-face recognition in Chinese and Americans. PLoS ONE, 6, e16901.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, Z., & Han, S. (2009). Self-construal priming modulates the scope of visual attention. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62, 802813.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, Z., Lin, Y., & Han, S. (2008). Self-construal priming modulates visual activity underlying global/local perception. Psychology, 77, 9397.Google Scholar
Ma, Y., Bang, D., Wang, C., Allen, M., Frith, C., Roepstorff, A., & Han, S. (2014a). Sociocultural patterning of neural activity during self-reflection. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 9, 7380.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ma, Y., & Han, S. (2009). Self-face advantage is modulated by social threat – boss effect on self-face recognition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 10481051.Google Scholar
Ma, Y., Wang, C., Li, B., Zhang, W., Rao, Y., & Han, S. (2014b). Does self-construal predict activity in the social brain network? A genetic moderation effect. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 9, 13601367.Google Scholar
Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224253.Google Scholar
Masuda, T., & Nisbett, R. E. (2001). Attending holistically vs. analytically: Comparing the context sensitivity of Japanese and Americans. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 81, 922934.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKone, E., Davies, A. A., Fernando, D., Aalders, R., Leung, H., Wickramariyaratne, T., & Platow, M. J. (2010). Asia has the global advantage: Race and visual attention. Vision research, 50, 15401549.Google Scholar
Morris, D., Collett, P., Marsh, P., & O’Shaughnessy, M. (1979). Gestures, their origins and distribution. New York, NY: Stein and Day.Google Scholar
Morris, M. W., & Peng, K. (1994). Culture and cause: American and Chinese attributions for social and physical events. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 949971.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mu, Y., Kitayama, S., Han, S., & Gelfand, M. J. (2015). How culture gets embrained: Cultural differences in event-related potentials of social norm violations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, 15348–15353.Google Scholar
Murata, A., Moser, J. S., & Kitayama, S. (2012). Culture shapes electrocortical responses during emotion suppression. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8, 595601.Google Scholar
Navon, D. (1977). Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology, 9, 353383.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E. (2003). The geography of thought: How Asians and Westerners think differently, and why. New York, NY: Free Press.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E., & Masuda, T. (2003). Culture and point of view. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100, 11163–11170.Google Scholar
Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108, 291310.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O’Doherty, J. P. (2004). Reward representations and reward-related learning in the human brain: Insights from neuroimaging. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 14, 769776.Google Scholar
Park, B. K., Tsai, J. L., Chim, L., Blevins, E., & Knutson, B. (2015). Neural evidence for cultural differences in the valuation of positive facial expressions. Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience, 11, 243252.Google Scholar
Peng, K., & Knowles, E. D. (2003). Culture, education, and the attribution of physical causality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 12721284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saxe, R., & Kanwisher, N. (2003). People thinking about thinking people. The role of the temporo-parietal junction in “theory of mind.” NeuroImage, 19, 18351842.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sui, J., & Han, S. (2007). Self-construal priming modulates neural substrates of self-awareness. Psychological Science, 18, 861866.Google Scholar
Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Tsai, J. L., Knutson, B., & Fung, H. H. (2006). Cultural variation in affect valuation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 288307.Google Scholar
Ungerleider, L. G., & Haxby, J. V. (1994). “What” and “where” in the human brain. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 4, 157165.Google Scholar
Varnum, M. E., Shi, Z., Chen, A., Qiu, J., & Han, S. (2014). When “your” reward is the same as “my” reward: Self-construal priming shifts neural responses to own vs. friends’ rewards. NeuroImage, 87, 164–169.Google Scholar
Wang, C., Wu, B., Liu, Y., Wu, X., and Han, S. (2015). Challenging emotional prejudice by changing self-concept: Priming independent self-construal reduces racial in-group bias in neural responses to others’ pain. Social Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience, 10, 11951201.Google Scholar
Wang, Q. (2001). Culture effects on adults’ earliest childhood recollection and self-description: implications for the relation between memory and the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 220–233.Google Scholar
Zhang, J. (2010). The persuasiveness of individualistic and collectivistic advertising appeals among Chinese generation-X consumers. Journal of Advertising, 39, 6980.Google Scholar
Zhu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, J., & Han, S. (2007). Neural basis of cultural influence on self-representation. NeuroImage, 34, 13101316.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×