This chapter discusses specific elements of job demands, control and support commonly associated with occupational stress for police and prison workers. It first presents antecedents of occupational stress which can be classified into eight categories. The psychological impact of acute stressors (traumatic events) is well documented. The consequences of chronic occupational stress (daily hassles) in police and prison officers are also well established and span four categories of individual outcomes: physiological, psychological, social and behavioural; these are discussed in the chapter. Common moderators of occupational stress include perceived levels of support and job control, gender, age and personality characteristics such as neuroticism. Police and prison services most commonly use individual-level secondary and tertiary interventions, usually peer-support officers or trained professionals, to manage stress within the service. Two of the most common stress management strategies are Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) and Employee Assistance Programmes (EAPs).