Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T11:14:50.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Part One - Writing System/Neuro-cognitive Processing of Chinese

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2022

Chu-Ren Huang
Affiliation:
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Yen-Hwei Lin
Affiliation:
Michigan State University
I-Hsuan Chen
Affiliation:
University of California, Berkeley
Yu-Yin Hsu
Affiliation:
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

Adams, Marilyn Jager. 1994. Beginning to read: Thinking and learning about print. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bertelson, Paul, Chen, Hsuan-Chih, and de Gelder, Béatrice. 1997. Explicit speech analysis and orthographic experience in Chinese readers. In Cognitive processing of Chinese and related Asian languages, ed. Chen, Hsuan-Chih, 2746. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press.Google Scholar
Bertelson, Paul, Chen, Hsuan-Chih, Tseng, Chin-Hsing, Tseng, Chin-Hsing, Ko, Hwa-Wei, and de Gelder, Béatrice. 1999. Phonological awareness and orthographic experience in Chinese readers. Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series 13:2639.Google Scholar
Bradley, Lynette, and Bryant, Peter E.. 1983. Categorizing sounds and learning to read: A causal connection. Nature 30:419421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castles, Anne, and Coltheart, Max. 2004. Is there a causal link from phonological awareness to success in learning to read? Cognition 91(1):77111.Google Scholar
Chall, Jeanne Sternlicht. 1983. Stages of reading development. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Chao, Yuen Ren. 1968. A grammar of spoken Chinese. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Cheng, Susie S. 1981. A study of Taiwanese adjectives. Taipei: Student Book.Google Scholar
Cheung, Him, Chen, Hsuan-Chih, Lai, Chun Yip, Wong, On Chi, and Hills, Melanie. 2001. The development of phonological awareness: Effects of spoken language experience and orthography. Cognition 81(3):227241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010–0277(01)00136-6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chou, Ya-Min, and Huang, Chu-Ren. 2010. Hantology: Conceptual system discovery based on orthographic convention. In Ontology and the lexicon: A natural language processing perspective, ed. Huang, Chu-Ren, Calzolari, Nicoletta, Gangemi, Aldo, Lenci, Alessandro, Oltramari, Alessandro, and Prevot, Laurent, 122143. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,Google Scholar
Ding, Hongwei, Zhang, Yuanyuan, Liu, Hongchao, and Huang, Chu-Ren. 2017. A preliminary phonetic investigation of alphabetic words in Mandarin Chinese. In Proceedings of Interspeech 2017, Stockholm, 3028–3032.Google Scholar
Dong, Sicong, and Huang, Chu-Ren 董思聰, 黃居仁. 2020. A comparative study on haplology of Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin and its standardisation 兩岸同音刪略現象對比研究. Chinese Linguistics 漢語學報 69(1):1424.Google Scholar
Dong, Sicong, and Wong, Sam Yin. 2020. Haplology and lexical entries: A study based on cross-linguistic data from Sinitic languages. Lexicography 7(1):5977.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duanmu, San. 2007. The phonology of standard Chinese. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duanmu, San. 2022. Evidence for stress and metrical structure in Chinese. In The Cambridge handbook of Chinese linguistics, ed. Huang, Chu-Ren, Lin, Yen-Hwei, Chen, I-Hsuan, and Hsu, Yu-Yin, 361382. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ho, Connie Suk-Han, and Bryant, Peter. 1997. Phonological skills are important in learning to read Chinese. Developmental Psychology 33:946951.Google Scholar
Ho, Connie Suk-Han, Wai-Ock Chan, David, Lee, Suk-Han, Tsang, Suk-Man, and Hui Luan, Vivian. 2004. Cognitive profiling and preliminary subtyping in Chinese developmental dyslexia. Cognition 91:4375. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010–0277(03)00163-X.Google Scholar
Ho, Connie Suk-Han, Chan, David W., Tsang, Suk-Man, Lee, Suk-Han, and Chung, Kevin K. H.. 2006: Word learning deficit among Chinese dyslexic children. Journal of Child Language 33:145161.Google ScholarPubMed
Hoover, Wesley A., and Gough, Philip B.. 1990. The simple view of reading. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2:127160.Google Scholar
Hsieh, Feng-fan, and Kenstowicz, Michael J.. 2008. Phonetic knowledge in tonal adaptation: Mandarin and English loanwords in Lhasa Tibetan. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 17(4):279297.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren. 1992. Adjectival reduplication in Southern Min: A study of morpholexical rules with syntactic effects. Chinese Language and Linguistics 1:407422.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren. 2009. Semantics as an orthography-relevant level for Mandarin Chinese. Paper presented at the 17th Annual Conference of the International Association of Chinese Linguistics, July 2–4, Paris.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren, Chen, Chao-Ran, and Shen, Claude C. C.. 2002. The nature of categorical ambiguity and its implications for language processing: A corpus-based study of Mandarin Chinese. In Sentence processing in East Asian languages, ed. Nakamura, Mineharu, 5383. Stanford, CA: CLSI Press.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren, and Chou, Ya-Min. 2015. Multilingual conceptual access to lexicon based on shared orthography: An ontology-driven study of Chinese and Japanese. In Language production, cognition, and the lexicon, ed. Gala, Núria, Rapp, Reinhard, and Bel-Enguix, Gemma, 135150. Cham: Springer.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren, and Hsieh, Shu-Kai. 2015. Chinese lexical semantics: From radicals to event structure. In The Oxford handbook of Chinese linguistics, ed. Wang, William S.-Y. and Sun, Chao-Fen, 290305. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren, and Liu, Hongchao 黃居仁, 劉洪超. 2017. Corpus-based automatic extraction and analysis of Mandarin Alphabetic Words 基于語料庫的漢語字母詞自動抽取與分析. Journal of Yunnan Normal University (Humanities and Social Sciences Edition) 云南師范大學學報(哲學社會科學版) 49(3):1021.Google Scholar
Huang, Chu-Ren, Yang, Ya-Jun, and Chen, Sheng-Yi. 2013. Radicals as ontologies: Concept derivation and knowledge representation of four-hoofed mammals as semantic symbols. Breaking down the barriers: Interdisciplinary studies in Chinese linguistics and beyond 2, 11171133. Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica.Google Scholar
Huang, Hsiu-Shuang, and Hanley, J. Richard. 1995. Phonological awareness and visual skills in learning to read Chinese and English. Cognition 54:7398. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010–0277(94)00641-W.Google Scholar
Huang, Hsiu-Shuang, and Hanley, J. Richard. 1997. A longitudinal study of phonological awareness, visual skills, and Chinese reading acquisition among first-graders in Taiwan. International Journal of Behavioral Development 20:249268.Google Scholar
Kenstowicz, Michael, and Suchato, Atiwong. 2006. Issues in loanword adaptation: A case study from Thai. Lingua 116(7):921949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2005.05.006.Google Scholar
LaCharité, Darlene, and Paradis, Carole. 2005. Category preservation and proximity versus phonetic approximation in loanword adaptation. Linguistic Inquiry 36(2):223258.Google Scholar
Landerl, Karin, and Wimmer, Heinz. 2000. Deficits in phoneme segmentation are not the core problem of dyslexia: Evidence from German and English children. Applied Psycholinguistics 21(2):243262. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0142716400002058.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landerl, Karin, Wimmer, Heinz, and Frith, Uta. 1997. The impact of orthographic consistency on dyslexia: A German–English comparison. Cognition 63:315334. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010–0277(97)00005-X.Google Scholar
Liberman, Isabelle Y., Donald Shankweiler, F. William Fischer, and Carter, Bonnie. 1974. Explicit syllable and phoneme segmentation in the young child. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 18:201212.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei. 2008. Variable vowel adaptation in Standard Mandarin loanwords. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 17(4):363380.Google Scholar
Lin, Yen-Hwei. 2022. The morphophonology of Chinese affixation. In The Cambridge handbook of Chinese linguistics, ed. Huang, Chu-Ren, Lin, Yen-Hwei, Chen, I-Hsuan, and Hsu, Yu-Yin, 223244. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, Youran, Lin, You-Jing, Wang, Feng, Wu, Xiyu, and Kong, Jiangping. 2020. The development of phonological awareness and Pinyin knowledge in Mandarin-speaking school-aged children. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 22(6):660668. https://doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2020.1819417.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lonigan, Christopher J., Burgess, Stephen R., Anthony, Jason L., and Barker, Theodore A.. 1998. Development of phonological sensitivity in 2- to 5-year-old children. Journal of Educational Psychology 90(2):294311.Google Scholar
McBride-Chang, Catherine, Bialystok, Ellen, Chong, Karen K. Y., and Li, Yanping. 2004. Levels of phonological awareness in three cultures. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 89:93111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2004.05.001.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McBride-Chang, Catherine, Cho, Jeung-Ryeul, Liu, Hongyun, Wagner, Richard K., Shu, Hua, Zhou, Aibao, Cheuk, Cecilia S-M., and Muse, Andrea. 2005. Changing models across cultures: Associations of phonological awareness and morphological structure awareness with vocabulary and word recognition in second graders from Beijing, Hong Kong, Korea, and the United States. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 92(2):140160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2005.03.009.Google Scholar
Mann, Virginia A. 1986. Phonological awareness: The role of reading experience. Cognition 24(1–2):6592. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(86)90005-3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mattingly, Ignatius G. 1972. Reading, the linguistic process, and linguistic awareness. In Language by ear and by eye: The relationship between speech and reading, ed. Kavanagh, James F. and Mattingly, Ignatius G., 133147. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Melby-Lervåg, Monica, Lyster, Solveig-Alma Halaas, and Hulme, Charles. 2012. Phonological skills and their role in learning to read: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin 138(2):322352.Google Scholar
Morais, José, Bertelson, Paul, Cary, Luz, and Alegria, Jesus. 1986. Literacy training and speech segmentation. Cognition 24:4564. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010–0277(86)90004-1.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). 2000. Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for Reading Instruction. Washington, DC: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.Google Scholar
Neergaard, Karl and Chu-Ren, Huang. 2022. Mandarin Chinese syllable structure and phonological similarity: perception and production studies. In The Cambridge handbook of Chinese linguistics, ed. Huang, Chu-Ren, Lin, Yen-Hwei, Chen, I-Hsuan, and Hsu, Yu-Yin, 245274. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Neergaard, Karl David, Luo, Jin, and Huang, Chu-Ren. 2019. Phonological network fluency identifies phonological restructuring through mental search. Scientific Reports 9:15984. www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-52433-w.Google Scholar
Newman, Ellen Hamilton, Tardif, Twila, Huang, Jingyuan, and Shu, Hua. 2011. Phonemes matter: The role of phoneme-level awareness in emergent Chinese readers. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 108:242259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2010.09.001.Google Scholar
Paulesu, Eraldo, Demonet, Jean-François, Fazio, Ferruccio, McCrory, Eamon, Chanoine, Valerie, Brunswick, Nicky, Cappa, Stefano F., Cossu, Giuseppe, Habib, Michel, Frith, Chris D., and Frith, Uta. 2001. Dyslexia: Cultural diversity and biological unity. Science 291:21652167. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1057179.Google Scholar
Read, Charles, Yun-Fei, Zhang, Hong-Yin, Nie, and Bao-Qing, Ding. 1986. The ability to manipulate speech sounds depends on knowing alphabetic writing. Cognition 24(1–2):3144. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0277(86)90003-X.Google Scholar
Ruan, Yufang, Georgiou, George K, Song, Shuang, Li, Yixun, and Shu, Hua. 2018. Does writing system influence the associations between phonological awareness, morphological awareness, and reading? A meta-analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology 110(2):180202.Google Scholar
Shu, Hua, Anderson, Richard C., and Wu, Ningning. 2000. Phonetic awareness: Knowledge of orthography–phonology relationships in the character acquisition of Chinese children. Journal of Educational Psychology 92(1):5662.Google Scholar
Shu, Hua, Chen, Xi, Anderson, Richard C., Wu, Ningning, and Xuan, Yue. 2003. Properties of school Chinese implications for learning to read. Child Development 74(1):2747. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00519.Google Scholar
Shu, Hua, McBride-Chang, Catherine, Wu, Sina, and Liu, Hongyun. 2006. Understanding Chinese developmental dyslexia: Morphological awareness as a core cognitive construct. Journal of Educational Psychology 98:122133.Google Scholar
Shu, Hua, Peng, Hong, and McBride-Chang, Catherine. 2008. Phonological awareness in young Chinese children. Developmental Science 11(1):171181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00654.x.Google Scholar
Siok, Wai Ting, and Fletcher, Paul. 2001. The role of phonological awareness and visual-orthographic skills in Chinese reading acquisition. Developmental Psychology 37(6):886899.Google Scholar
Snow, Catherine E., Burns, M. Susan, and Griffin, Peg. (eds.) 1998. Preventing reading difficulties in young children. Washington, DC: National Academy PressGoogle Scholar
Song, Shuang, Georgiou, George K., Su, Mengmeng, and Hua, Shu. 2016. How well do phonological awareness and rapid automatized naming correlate with Chinese reading accuracy and fluency? A meta-analysis. Scientific Studies of Reading 20:99123. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888438.2015.1088543.Google Scholar
Sproat, Richard. 2000. A computational theory of writing systems. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Swanson, H. Lee, Trainin, Guy, Necoechea, Denise M., and Hammill, Donal D.. 2003. Rapid naming, phonological awareness, and reading: A meta-analysis of the correlation evidence. Review of Educational Research 73(4):407440. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543073004407.Google Scholar
Taylor, Insup. 2002. Phonological awareness in Chinese reading. In Chinese children’s reading acquisition, ed. Li, Wenling, Gaffney, Janet S., and Packard, Jerome L.. Boston, MA: Kluwer AcademicGoogle Scholar
Tzeng, Shih-Jay, and Chen, Shu-li. 曾世杰, 陳淑麗. 2007. The effectiveness of a Chu-Yin-Fu-Hao remedial program to first-grade low achievers 注音補救教學對一年級低成就兒童的教學成效實驗研究. Journal of Education and Psychology 教育與心理研究 30(3):5377.Google Scholar
Wagner, Richard K. 1988. Causal relations between the development of phonological processing abilities and the acquisition of reading skills: A meta-analysis. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 32:261279.Google Scholar
Wang, Li-Chih. 2017. Effects of phonological training on the reading and reading-related abilities of Hong Kong children with dyslexia. Frontiers in Psychology, 8:113.Google Scholar
Wang, William S.-Y. 1973. The Chinese language. Scientific American 228:5060. www.jstor.org/stable/24922980.Google Scholar
Wang, Ying, and McBride, Catherine. 2016. Character reading and word reading in Chinese: Unique correlates for Chinese kindergarteners. Applied Psycholinguistics 37(2):371386.Google Scholar
Wei, Tong-Qi, Bi, Hong-Yan, Chen, Bao-Guo, Liu, Ying, Weng, Xu-Chu, and Wydell, Taeko N.. 2014. Developmental changes in the role of different metalinguistic awareness skills in Chinese reading acquisition from preschool to third grade. PLoS ONE 9:e96240. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096240.Google Scholar
Wong, Sam Yin, Chen, I-Hsuan, and Huang, Chu-Ren. 2018. Facilitating and blocking conditions of haplology: A comparative study of Hong Kong Cantonese and Taiwan Mandarin. In Proceedings of the 32nd Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation. Association for Computational Linguistics.Google Scholar
Xiang, Rong, Wan, Mingyu, Su, Qi, Huang, Chu-Ren, and Lu, Qin. 2020. Sina Mandarin Alphabetical Words: A Web-driven code-mixing lexical resource. Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 10th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 833–842. www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.aacl-main.84.pdf.Google Scholar
Yip, Moira Jean. 1980. The tonal phonology of Chinese. Doctoral dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Google Scholar
Zhou, Yan-Ling, McBride-Chang, Catherine, Fong, Cathy Y.-C., Wong, Terry T.-Y., and Cheung, Sum Kwing. 2012. A comparison of phonological awareness, lexical compounding, and homophone training for Chinese word reading in Hong Kong kindergartners. Early Education and Development 23:475492.Google Scholar

References

Abernethy, Marjorie, and Coney, Jeffery1993. Associative priming in the hemispheres as a function of SOANeuropsychologia 31(12):13971409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ahrens, Kathleen. 1994. Classifier production in normals and aphasics. Journal of Chinese Linguistics 22(2):202247.Google Scholar
Barber, Horacio A., and Kutas, Marta. 2007. Interplay between computational models and cognitive electrophysiology in visual word recognition. Brain Research Review 53(1):98123.Google Scholar
Barber, Horacio A., Otten, Leun J., Kousta, Stavroula-Thaleia, and Vigliocco, Gabriella. 2013. Concreteness in word processing: ERP and behavioral effects in a lexical decision task. Brain and Language 125(1):4753.Google Scholar
Beretta, Alan, Fiorentino, Robert, and Poeppel, David. 2005. The effects of homonymy and polysemy on lexical access: An MEG study. Cognitive Brain Research 24(1):5765.Google Scholar
Chang, Chih-Ting, Lee, Chia-Ying, Chou, Chia-Ju, Fuh, Jong-Ling, and Wu, Hsin-Chi. 2016. Predictability effect on N400 reflects the severity of reading comprehension deficits in aphasia. Neuropsychologia 81:117128.Google Scholar
Chang, Ya-Ning, Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Tsai, Jie-Li, Chen, C. L., and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2015. A psycholinguistic database for traditional Chinese character naming. Behavior Research Methods.Google Scholar
Chao, Yuen Ren. 1968. A grammar of spoken Chinese. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Chen, May Jane, and Weekes, Brendan S.. 2004. Effects of semantic radicals on Chinese character categorization and character decision. Journal of Psychology 46(2–3):181196.Google Scholar
Chou, Chia-Ju, Huang, Hsu-Wen, Lee, Chia-Lin, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2014. Effects of semantic constraint and cloze probability on Chinese classifier–noun agreement. Journal of Neurolinguistics 31:4254.Google Scholar
Coch, Donna. 2015. The N400 and the fourth grade shift. Developmental Science 18(2):254269.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coch, Donna, and Benoit, Clarisse. 2015. N400 event-related potential and standardized measures of reading in late elementary school children: Correlated or independent? Mind, Brain, and Education 9(3):145153.Google Scholar
Coch, Donna, and Holcomb, Philips J.. 2003. The N400 in beginning readers. Developmental Psychobiology 43(2):146166.Google Scholar
Collins, Marjorie. 1999. Differences in semantic category priming in the left and right cerebral hemispheres under automatic and controlled processing conditionsNeuropsychologia 37(9): 10711085.Google Scholar
Corcos, Evelyne, and Willows, Dale M.. 1993. The role of visual processing in good and poor readers’ utilization of orthographic information in letter strings. In Facets of dyslexia and its remediation, ed. Groner, S. F. and Wright, R., 95106. Amsterdam: North-Holland/Elsevier Science Publishers.Google Scholar
Dambacher, Michael, Goellner, Kristin, Nuthmann, Antje, Jacobs, Arthur, and Kliegl, Reinhold. 2008. Frequency and predictability effects on event-related potentials and eye-movements. International Journal of Psychology 43(3–4):4647.Google Scholar
Dambacher, Michael, and Kliegl, Reinhold. 2007. Synchronizing timelines: Relations between fixation durations and N400 amplitudes during sentence reading. Brain Research 1155:147162.Google Scholar
Dambacher, Michael, Kliegl, Reinhold, Hofmann, Markus, and Jacobs, Arthur M.. 2006. Frequency and predictability effects on event-related potentials during reading. Brain Research 1084(1):89103.Google Scholar
DeLong, Katherine A., Groppe, David M., Urbach, Thomas P., and Kutas, Marta. 2012. Thinking ahead or not? Natural aging and anticipation during reading. Brain and Language 121(3):226239.Google Scholar
Duffy, Susan A., Henderson, John M., and Morris, Robin K.. 1989. Semantic facilitation of lexical access during sentence processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 15(5):791801.Google Scholar
Federmeier, Kara D. 2007. Thinking ahead: The role and roots of prediction in language comprehension. Psychophysiology 44(4):491505.Google Scholar
Federmeier, Kara D., and Kutas, Marta. 2005. Aging in context: Age‐related changes in context use during language comprehension. Psychophysiology 42(2):133141.Google Scholar
Federmeier, Kara D., Wlotko, Edward W., De Ochoa-Dewald, Esmeralda, and Kutas, Marta. 2007. Multiple effects of sentential constraint on word processing. Brain Research 1146:7584.Google Scholar
Gao, Min Y., and Malt, Barbara C.. 2009. Mental representation and cognitive consequences of Chinese individual classifiers. Language and Cognitive Processes 24(7):11241179.Google Scholar
Hauk, Olaf, Davis, Matthew H., Ford, M., Pulvermuller, Friedemann, and Marslen-Wilson, William D.. 2006. The time course of visual word recognition as revealed by linear regression analysis of ERP data. Neuroimage 30(4):13831400.Google Scholar
Hoeks, John C., Stowe, Laurie A., and Doedens, Gina. 2004. Seeing words in context: The interaction of lexical and sentence level information during reading. Cognitive Brain Research 19(1):5973.Google Scholar
Holcomb, Phillip J., Grainger, Jonathan, and O’Rourke, Tim. 2002. An electrophysiological study of the effects of orthographic neighborhood size on printed word perception. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14(6):938950.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holcomb, Phillip J., Kounios, John, Anderson, Jane E., and West, Wendy C.. 1999. Dual-coding, context-availability, and concreteness effects in sentence comprehension: An electrophysiological investigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 25(3):721742.Google Scholar
Hsiao, Janet Hui-wen, Shillcock, Richard, and Lavidor, Michal. 2007. An examination of semantic radical combinability effects with lateralized cues in Chinese character recognition. Perception and Psychophysiology 69(3):338344.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hsiao, Janet Hui-wen, Shillcock, Richard, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2007. Neural correlates of foveal splitting in reading: Evidence from an ERP study of Chinese character recognition. Neuropsychologia 45(6):12801292.Google Scholar
Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Lee, Chia-Ying, and Tzeng, Ovid J. L.. 2014. Early MEG markers for reading Chinese phonograms: Evidence from radical combinability and consistency effects. Brain and Language 139:19.Google Scholar
Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Tsai, Jie-Li, Lee, Chia-Ying, and Tzeng, Ovid J. L.. 2009. Orthographic combinability and phonological consistency effects in reading Chinese phonograms: An event-related potential study. Brain and Language 108(1):5666.Google Scholar
Huang, Chih-Ying, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2010. Hemispheric processing of Chinese polysemy in the disyllabic verb/noun compounds: An event-related potential study. Paper presented at the NAACL HLT 2010 First Workshop on Computational Neurolinguistics.Google Scholar
Huang, Hsu-Wen, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2018. Number of meanings and number of senses: An ERP study of sublexical ambiguities in reading Chinese disyllabic compounds. Frontiers in Psychology 9:324.Google Scholar
Huang, Chih-Ying, Lee, Chia-Ying, Huang, Hsu-Wen, and Chou, Chia-Ju. 2011. Number of sense effects of Chinese disyllabic compounds in the two hemispheres. Brain and Language 119(2):99109.Google Scholar
Huang, Hsu-Wen, Lee, Chia-Ying, Tsai, Jie-Li, and Tzeng, Ovid J.-L.. 2011. Sublexical ambiguity effect in reading Chinese disyllabic compounds. Brain and Language 117(2):7787.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
King, Jonathan W., and Kutas, Marta. 1995. Who did what and when? Using word- and clause-level ERPs to monitor working memory usage in reading. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 7(3):376395.Google Scholar
Kliegl, Reinhold, Grabner, Ellen, Rolfs, Martin, and Engbert, Ralf. 2004. Length, frequency, and predictability effects of words on eye movements in reading. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 16(1–2):262284.Google Scholar
Koivisto, Mika. 1997. Time course of semantic activation in the cerebral hemispheresNeuropsychologia 35(4):497504.Google Scholar
Kuo, Jenny Yi-Chun, and Sera, Maria D.. 2009. Classifier effects on human categorization: The role of shape classifiers in Mandarin Chinese. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 18(1):119.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2000. Electrophysiology reveals semantic memory use in language comprehension. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 4(12):463470.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2011. Thirty years and counting: Finding meaning in the N400 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP). Annual Review of Psychology 62:621647.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kutas, Marta, and Hillyard, Steven A.. 1980a. Event-related brain potentials to semantically inappropriate and surprisingly large words. Biological Psychology 11(2):99116.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Hillyard, Steven A.. 1980b. Reading senseless sentences: Brain potentials reflect semantic incongruity. Science 207(4427):203205.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Hillyard, Steven A.. 1984. Brain potentials during reading reflect word expectancy and semantic association. Nature 307(5947):161163.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Hillyard, Steven A.. 1989. An electrophysiological probe of incidental semantic association. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1(1):3849.Google Scholar
Kutas, Marta, and Iragui, V.. 1998. The N400 in a semantic categorization task across 6 decades. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology 108(5):456471.Google Scholar
Laszlo, Sara, and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2011. The N400 as a snapshot of interactive processing: Evidence from regression analyses of orthographic neighbor and lexical associate effects. Psychophysiology 48(2):176186.Google Scholar
Lau, Ellen, Almeida, Diogo, Hines, Paul C., and Poeppel, David. 2009. A lexical basis for N400 context effects: Evidence from MEG. Brain and Language 111(3):161172.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Lin, and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2006. To mind the mind: An event-related potential study of word class and semantic ambiguity. Brain Research 1081(1):191202.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Lin, and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2009. Wave-ering: An ERP study of syntactic and semantic context effects on ambiguity resolution for noun/verb homographs. Journal of Memory and Language 61(4):538555.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying 2009. The cognitive and neural basis for learning to read Chinese. Journal of Basic Education 18(2):6385.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Huang, Hsu-Wen, Kuo, Wen-Jui, Tsai, Jie-Li, and Tzeng, Ovid J.-L.. 2010. Cognitive and neural basis of the consistency and lexicality effects in reading Chinese. Journal of Neurolinguistics 23(1):1027.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Liu, Yo-Ning, and Chia-Ju–Ju, Chou. 2013. Contextual predictability facilitates early orthographic processing and semantic integration in visual word recognition: An event-related potential study. In East Flows the Great River: Festschrift in Honor of Prof. William S.-Y. Wang’s 80th Birthday, ed. Shi, Fang and Peng, Gang, 169186. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Liu, Yo-Ning, and Tsai, Jie-Li. 2012. The time course of contextual effects on visual word recognition. Frontiers in Psychology 3:285.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Tsai, Jie-Li, Chan, Wen-Hsuan, Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Hung, Daisy L., and Tzeng, Ovid J. L.. 2007. Temporal dynamics of the consistency effect in reading Chinese: An event-related potentials study. Neuroreport 18(2):147151.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Tsai, Jie-Li, Huang, Hsu-Wen, Hung, Daisy L., and Tzeng, Ovid J.-L.. 2006. The temporal signatures of semantic and phonological activations for Chinese sublexical processing: An event-related potential study. Brain Research 1121(1):150159.Google Scholar
Lee, Chia-Ying, Tsai, Jie-Li, Su, Erica Chung-I, Tzeng, Ovid J. L., and Hung, Daisy L. 2005. Consistency, regularity, and frequency effects in naming Chinese characters. Language and Linguistics 6(1):75107.Google Scholar
Lo, Ming, Hue, Chih-Wei, and Tsai, Fang-Zhi. 2007. Chinese readers’ knowledge of how Chinese orthography represents phonology. Chinese Journal of Psychology 49(4):315334.Google Scholar
Luck, Steven J. 2014. An introduction to the event-related potential technique, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Marslen-Wilson, William, Tyler, Lorraine K., Waksler, Rachelle, and Older, Lianne. 1994. Morphology and meaning in the English mental lexicon. Psychological Review 101(1):333.Google Scholar
Müller, Oliver, Duñabeitia, Jon Andoni, and Carreiras, Manuel. 2010. Orthographic and associative neighborhood density effects: What is shared, what is different? Psychophysiology 47(3):455466.Google Scholar
O’Brien, Beth A., Wolf, Maryanne, Miller, Lynne T., Lovett, Maureen W., and Morris, Robin. 2011. Orthographic processing efficiency in developmental dyslexia: An investigation of age and treatment factors at the sublexical level. Annals of Dyslexia 61(1):111135.Google Scholar
Perfetti, Charles. A., Liu, Yin, and Tan, Li-Hai. 2005. The lexical constituency model: Some implications of research on Chinese for general theories of reading. Psychological Review 112(1):4359.Google Scholar
Pylkkanen, Liina, Llinas, Rodoffo, and Murphy, Gregory L.. 2006. The representation of polysemy: MEG evidence. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18(1):97109.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen, Davis, Matt H., Marslen-Wilson, William D., and Lorraine, K. Tyler. 2000. Morphological and semantic effects in visual word recognition: A time-course study. Language and Cognitive Processes 15(4–5):507537.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen, Davis, Matt H., and New, Boris. 2004. The broth in my brother’s brothel: Morpho-orthographic segmentation in visual word recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 11:10901098.Google Scholar
Rastle, Kathleen, and Davis, Matthew H.. 2003. Reading morphologically complex words: Some thoughts from masked priming. In Masked priming: The state of the art, ed. Kinoshita, Sachiko and Lupker, Stephen J., 279305. New York, NY: Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Rayner, Keith, Ashby, Jane, Pollatsek, Alexander, and Reichle, Erik D.. 2004. The effects of frequency and predictability on eye fixations in reading: Implications for the E-Z reader model. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance 30(4):720732.Google Scholar
Rugg, Michael D., Allan, Kevin, and Birch, Caire S.. 2000. Electrophysiological evidence for the modulation of retrieval orientation by depth of study processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 12(4):664678.Google Scholar
Saalbach, Henrik, and Imai, Mutsumi. 2007. Scope of linguistic influence: Does a classifier system alter object concepts? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 136(3):485501.Google Scholar
Sandra, Dominiek. 1990. On the representation and processing of compound words: Automatic access to constituent morphemes does not occur. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Experimental Psychology 42(3A):529567.Google Scholar
Sereno, Sara C., Brewer, Cameron C., and O’Donnell, Patrick J.. 2003. Context effects in word recognition: Evidence for early interactive processing. Psychological Science 14(4):328333.Google Scholar
Srinivasan, Mahesh. 2010. Do classifiers predict differences in cognitive processing? A study of nominal classification in Mandarin Chinese. Language and Cognition 2(2):177190.Google Scholar
Stanovich, Keith E., and West, Richard F.. 1981. The effect of sentence context on ongoing word recognition: Tests of a two-process theory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 7(3):658672.Google Scholar
Su, I-Fan, Mak, Sin-Ching, Cheung, Lai-Ying, and Law, Sam-Po. 2012. Taking a radical position: Evidence for position-specific radical representations in Chinese character recognition using masked priming ERP. Frontiers in Psychology 3:333.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus, and Forster, Kenneth I.. 1975. Lexical storage and retrieval of prefixed words. Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior 14(6):638647.Google Scholar
Taft, Marcus, and Zhu, Xiaoping. 1997. Submorphemic processing in reading Chinese. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 23(3): 761775.Google Scholar
Tai, James H.-Y. 1992. Variation in classifier systems across Chinese dialects: Towards a cognition-based semantic approach. Chinese Language and Linguistics 1:587608.Google Scholar
Taylor, Wilson L. 1953. “Cloze procedure”: A new tool for measuring readability. Journalism Quarterly 30(4):415433.Google Scholar
Tien, Yi-Min, Tzeng, Ovid J.-L., and Hung, Daisy L.. 2002. Semantic and cognitive basis of Chinese classifiers: A functional approach. Language and Linguistics 3(1):101132.Google Scholar
Tsai, Jie-Li, Lee, Chia-Ying, Lin, Ying-Chun, Tzeng, Ovid J.-L., and Hung, Daisy L.. 2006. Neighborhood size effects of Chinese words in lexical decision and reading. Language and Linguistics 7(3):659675.Google Scholar
Tzeng, Yu-Lin, Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Huang, Yu-Chen, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2017. The acquisition of orthographic knowledge: Evidence from the lexicality effects on N400. Frontiers in Psychology 8:433.Google Scholar
Tzeng, Yu-Lin, Hsu, Chun-Hsien, Lin, Wan-Hsuan, and Lee, Chia-Ying. 2018. Impaired orthographic processing in Chinese dyslexic children: Evidence from the lexicality effect on N400. Scientific Studies of Reading 22(1):85100.Google Scholar
Van Berkum, Jos J., Hagoort, Peter, and Brown, Colin M.. 1999. Semantic integration in sentences and discourse: Evidence from the N400. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 11(6):657671.Google Scholar
Van Petten, Cyma, and Kutas, Marta. 1990. Interactions between sentence context and word frequency in event-related brain potentials. Memory and Cognition 18(4):380393.Google Scholar
Van Petten, Cyma, and Kutas, Marta. 1991. Influences of semantic and syntactic context on open- and closed-class words. Memory and Cognition 19(1):95112.Google Scholar
Vogel, Edward K., and Luck, Steven J.. 2000. The visual N1 component as an index of a discrimination process. Psychophysiology 37(2):190203.Google Scholar
Wlotko, Edward W., and Federmeier, Kara D.. 2007. Finding the right word: Hemispheric asymmetries in the use of sentence context information. Neuropsychologia 45(13):30013014.Google Scholar
Zhang, Shi, and Schmitt, Bernd. 1998. Language-dependent classification: The mental representation of classifiers in cognition, memory, and ad evaluations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 4(4):375.Google Scholar
Zhou, Xiaolin, and Marslen-Wilson, William. 1999. The nature of sublexical processing in reading Chinese characters. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition 25(4):819837.Google Scholar
Zwitserlood, Pienie. 1994. The role of semantic transparency in the processing and representation of Dutch compounds. Language and Cognitive Processes 9(3):341368.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×