Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T17:00:31.821Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

12 - Classical Greece: Production

from Part III - Classical Greece

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

By
John Davies
Edited by
Walter Scheidel ,
Ian Morris  and
Richard P. Saller
John Davies
Affiliation:
University of Liverpool
Walter Scheidel
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Ian Morris
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Richard P. Saller
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Get access

Summary

the nature of the evidence

More useful evidence for economic activities survives from the fifth and fourth centuries bc, the so-called “classical” period, than from earlier or later periods of Greek history. This and the two following chapters therefore paint a fuller picture, while acknowledging that the evidence remains sketchy and is heavily skewed towards Athens, a region seriously untypical in several respects. The historians’ narratives, indeed, provide little directly usable information, since they focus on political and military matters; but the biographical tradition preserved in Plutarch’s Lives and elsewhere offers some relevant vignettes. More helpful, perhaps surprisingly, are the philosophers and scholars writing in the Socratic tradition – Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle, and Theophrastus – both for the specific information they provide and for their often revealing depictions of attitudes and values. More helpful still, though perilous in so far as its context of utterance was overwhelmingly Athenian, is the surviving corpus of over 100 law-court or public speeches, ascribed (not always accurately) to the major orators and frequently offering information about economic transactions and institutions or on the size and composition of inheritances. However, the most valuable written sources are inscriptions, which proliferate as the two “classical” centuries unfold to encompass far more than the limited pre-500 repertoire of laconic gravestones and one-line dedications. Laws and decrees of state, calendars of sacrifices (often stating the prices of victims), leases of public property, records of property sold or pledged, and especially annual accounts of public financial transactions drawn up and promulgated by state or sanctuary officials, all yield invaluable insight into economic activities and systems.

Keywords

land-ownershipagrarian productioncultivated landclassical Greeceuncultivated landland-use
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World , pp. 331 - 361
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alcock, S. E., Cherry, J. F., and Davis, J. L. (1994) “Intensive survey, agricultural practice and the classical landscape of Greece,” in , Morris, ed. (1994d).
Alcock, S. E. and Osborne, R., eds. (1994) Placing the Gods. Sanctuaries and Sacred Space in Ancient Greece. Oxford.
Amouretti, M.-C. (1986) Le pain et l’huile dans la Grèce antique. De lapos;araire au moulin. Centre de Recherche d’Histoire Ancienne vol. 67/ ALUB 328. Paris.
Amouretti, M.-C. (1988) “La viticulture antique, contraintes et choix techniques,” REA 40.Google Scholar
Amouretti, M.-C. (1992b) “Oléiculture et viticulture dans la Grèce antique,” in Wells, , ed. (1992).
Amouretti, M.-C. and Comet, G. (1985) Le livre de l’olivier. Aix-en-Provence.
Ampolo, C. (1980) “Le condizioni materiali della produzione. Agricoltura e paesaggio agrario,” DialArch2 1.Google Scholar
Ampolo, C. (1981) “Le cave di pietra dell’Attica: problemi giuridici ed economici,” Opus 1.Google Scholar
Amyx, D. A. (1958) “The Attic stelai, part III: vases and other containers,” Hesperia 27.Google Scholar
Argoud, G. (1987) “Eau et agriculture en Grèce,” in Louis, et al., eds. (1987).
Arnaoutoglou, I. (1998) Ancient Greek Laws. London and New York.
Ashmole, B. (1972) Architect and Sculptor in Classical Greece. London.
Ault, B. A. (1994) “Koprones and oil presses: domestic installations related to agricultural productivity and processing at classical Halieis,” in Doukellis, and Mendoni, , eds. (1994).
Austin, M. M. (1994) “Society and economy,” in Boardman, J. et al., eds., The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume VI: The Fourth Century BC:. 2nd edn. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Baumann, H. (1993) Greek Wild Flowers and Plant Lore in Ancient Greece, translated and augmented by Stearn, W. T. and Stearn, E. R.. London.
Baziotopoulou-Valabani, E. (1994) “Aνασκαφές σε αθηναικά κεραμικά εργαστήρια αρχαϊκών και κλασικών χρόνων” in Coulson, et al., eds. (1994).
Behrend, D. (1990) “Die Pachturkunden der Klytiden,” in Nenci, and Thür, , eds. (1990).
Berve, H. and Gruben, H. (1963) Greek Temples, Theatres, and Shrines. London.
Bettalli, M. (1981) “Note sulla produzione tessile ad Atene in età classica,” Opus 1.Google Scholar
Bettalli, M. (1985) “Case, botteghe, ergasteria: note sui luoghi di produzione e di vendità nell’Atene classica,” Opus 4.Google Scholar
Billot, M. F. (1992) “Le Cynosarges, Antiochos, et les tanneurs: questions de topographie,” BCH 116.Google Scholar
Bintliff, J. L. (1994) “Territorial behaviour and the natural history of the Greek polis,” in Olshausen, and Sonnabend, , eds. (1994).
Blümner, H. (1912) Technologie und Terminologie der Gerwerbe und Künste bei Griechen und Römern, 2nd edn. Leipzig and Berlin.
Boersma, J. S. (1970) Athenian Building Policy from 561/0 to 405/4 B.C. Groningen.
Bowra, C. M. (1964) Pindar. Oxford.
Braund, D. (1995) “Fish from the Black Sea: Classical Byzantium and the Greekness of trade,” in Wilkins, , Harvey, , and Dobson, , eds. (1995).
Brock, R. and Hodkinson, S., eds. (2000) Alternatives to Athens. Varieties of Political Organization and Community in Ancient Greece. Oxford.
Brockmeyer, N. (1979) Antike Sklaverei. Darmstadt.
Brun, J.-P. (2003) Le vin et l’huile dans la Méditerranée antique. Viticulture, oléiculture et procédés de transformation. Paris.
Brun, J.-P. (2004) Archéologie du vin et de l’huile: de la préhistoire à l’époque hellénstique. Paris.
Bugh, G. R. (1988) The Horsemen of Athens. Princeton.
Burford, A. (1972) Craftsmen in Greek and Roman Society.London.
Burford, A. (1993) Land and Labor in the Greek World. Baltimore, MD, and London.
Burford, A. (1994) “Greek agriculture in the classical period,” in Boardman, J. et al., eds. The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume VI. 2nd ed. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Cahill, N. (2002) Household and City Organization at Olynthos. New Haven, CT, and London.
Camp, J. M. (2001) The Archaeology of Athens. New Haven, CT, and London.
Cargill, J. (1981) The Second Athenian League: Empire or Free Alliance? Berkeley.
Carr, K. (2000) “Women’s work: spinning and weaving in the Greek home,” in Cardon, and Feugère, , eds. (2000).
Chaniotis, A. (1991) “Von Hirten, Kräutsammlern, Epheben und Pilgern. Leben auf den Bergen im antiken Kreta,” Ktema 16.Reprinted in Siebert, , ed. (1996).Google Scholar
Chaniotis, A. (1999b) “Milking the mountains: economic activities on the Cretan uplands in the classical and Hellenistic period,” in Chaniotis, , ed. (1999a).
Chantraine, P. (1940) “Conjugaison et histoire des verbes signifiant vendre (pernemi, poleo, apodidomai, empolo),” RPh 14.Google Scholar
Cherry, J. F. (1994) “Regional survey in the Aegean: the ‘new wave’ (and after),” in Kardulias, , ed. (1994).
Cherry, J. F., Davis, J. L., and Mantzourani, E., eds. (1991) Landscape Archaeology as Long-Term History. Northern Keos in the Cycladic Islands from Earliest Settlement until Modern Times. Los Angeles.
Cohen, E. E. (1992) Athenian Economy and Society: A Banking Perspective. Princeton.
Conophagos, C. (1980) Le Laurium antique. Athens.
Cook, R. M. (1972) Greek Painted Pottery. 2nd edn. London.
Cooper-Burford, A. (1977–8) “The family farm in Greece,” CJ 73.Google Scholar
Coulton, J. J. (1974) “Lifting in early Greek architecture,” JHS 94.Google Scholar
Coulton, J. J. (1976) The Architectural Development of the Greek Stoa. Oxford.
Coulton, J. J. (1977) Greek Architects at Work: Problems of Structure and Design. London.
Crosby, M. (1950) “The leases of the Laureion mines,” Hesperia 19.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. N. (1997) Courtesans and Fishcakes. The Consuming Passions of Classical Athens. London.
Davies, J. K. (1981) Wealth and the Power of Wealth in Classical Athens. Salem, NH, and New York.
Davies, J. K. (1992) “Society and economy,” in Lewis, et al., eds. (1992).
Davies, J. K. (2001b) “Temples, credit, and the circulation of money,” in Meadows, and Shipton, , eds. (2001).
Davies, J. K. (2001c) “The strategies of Mr. Theopompos,” in Cartledge, et al., eds. (2001).
Davies, J. K. (2001d) “Rebuilding a temple: the economic effects of piety,” in Mattingly, and Salmon, , eds. (2001a).
Davies, J. K. (2005) “The Gortyn laws,” in Gagarin, and Cohen, , eds. (2005).
De Callataÿ, F. (2005a) “A quantitative survey of Hellenistic coinages: what has been recently achieved,” in Archibald, , Davies, , and Gabrielsen, , eds. (2005).
De Ste. Croix, G. E. M. (1975) “Political pay outside Athens,” CQ 2nd ser., 25.Google Scholar
De Ste. Croix, G. E. M. (1981) The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World. London and Ithaca, NY.
De Ste. Croix, G. E. M. (2004) Athenian Democratic Origins, and Other Essays, eds. Harvey, D. and Parker, R., with Thonemann, P.. Oxford.
Delorme, J. (1960) Gymnasion. Paris.
Dinsmoor, W. B. Sr. (1975) The Architecture of Ancient Greece. 4th edn. London.
Drachmann, A. G. (1932) Ancient Oil Mills and Presses. Copenhagen.
Dufkova, M. and Pecirka, J. (1970) “Excavations of farms and farmhouses in the chora of Chersonesos in the Crimea,” Eirene 8.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, V. (1943) The People of Aristophanes. Oxford; reprinted (1974), London and New York.
Faraguna, M. (1992) Atene nell’ età di Alessandro. Problemi politici, economici, finanziari. Rome.
Finley, M. I. (1959) “Was Greek civilization based on slave labour?” Historia 8; reprinted in Finley, ed. (1960/68): and Finley, (1981).Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1962) “The slave trade in antiquity: the Black Sea and Danubian regions,” Klio 40; reprinted in Finley, (1981).Google Scholar
Finley, M. I. (1985) The Ancient Economy. 2nd edn. London.
Fisher, N. (1993) Slavery in Classical Greece. Bristol.
Flemming, N. C. (1996) “Sea level, neotectonics and changes in coastal settlements: threat and response,” in Rice, , ed. (1996).
Flint-Hamilton, K. B. (1999) “Legumes in ancient Greece and Rome: food, medicine, or poison?” Hesperia 68.Google Scholar
Forbes, H. A. (1996) “The uses of the uncultivated landscape in modern Greece: a pointer to the value of the wilderness in antiquity?” in Shipley, and Salmon, , eds. (1996)
Foxhall, L. (1996) “Feeling the earth move: cultivation techniques on steep slopes in classical antiquity,” in Shipley, and Salmon, , eds. (1996)
Foxhall, L. and Forbes, H. A. (1982) “Sitometreia. The role of grain as a staple food in classical antiquity,” Chiron 12.Google Scholar
Francotte, H. (1900–1) L’industrie dans la Grèce ancienne. 2 vols. Brussels.
Fuks, A. (1951) “Kolonos agoraios: labour exchange in classical Athens,” Eranos 49; reprinted in Fuks, (1984)Google Scholar
Gabrielsen, V. (1997) The Naval Aristocracy of Hellenistic Rhodes. Aarhus.
Gale, N. H., Gentner, W., and Wagner, G. A. (1980) “Mineralogical and geographical silver sources of archaic Greek coinage,” Metallurgy in Numismatics 1.Google Scholar
Gallant, T. W. (1982) “Agricultural systems, land tenure, and the reforms of Solon,” BSA 77.Google Scholar
Gallant, T. W. (1985) A Fisherman’s Tale: An Analysis of the Potential Productivity of Fishing in the Ancient Mediterranean. Gent.
Garlan, Y. (1980) “Le travail libre en Grèce ancienne,” in Garnsey, , ed. (1980a).
Garlan, Y. (1988) Slavery in Ancient Greece, translated by Lloyd, J.. Ithaca, NY, and London.
Garnsey, P. (1988) Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco-Roman World: Responses to Risk and Crisis. Cambridge.
Garnsey, P. (1992b) “The yield of the land in ancient Greece,” in Wells, , ed. (1992); reprinted in Garnsey, (1998).
Gauthier, P. (1972) Symbola. Les étrangers et la justice dans les cités grecques. Nancy.
Gehrke, H.-J. (1986) Jenseits von Athen und Sparta: das dritte Griechenland und sein Staatenwelt. Munich.
Gillis, C., Risberg, C., and Sjöberg, B., eds. (1997) Trade and Production in Premonetary Greece: Productions and the Craftsman. Jonsered.
Ginouvès, R. (1962) Balaneutikè. Recherches sur le bain dans l’antiquité grecque. Paris.
Glotz, G. (1926) Ancient Greece at Work. London and New York.
Goette, H. R. (2001) Athens, Attica, and the Megarid: An Archaeological Guide. London and New York.
Gold, B. K., ed. (1982) Literary and Artistic Patronage in Ancient Rome. Chapel Hill, NC.
Greene, K. (2000) “Technological innovation and economic progress in the ancient world: M. I. Finley re-considered,” Economic History Review 53.Google Scholar
Grove, A. T. and Rackham, O. (2001) The Nature of Mediterranean Europe. An Ecological Essay. New Haven and London.
Habicht, C. (1985) Pausanias’ Guide to Ancient Greece. Berkeley.
Halstead, P. (1987) “Traditional and ancient rural economy in Mediterranean Europe: plus ça change?” JHS 107.Reprinted in Scheidel, and Reden, , eds. (2002).Google Scholar
Hannestad, L. (1988) “The Athenian potter and the home market,” in Christiansen, and Melander, , eds. (1988).
Harris, E. M. (2002) “Workshop, marketplace, and household: the nature of technical specialization in classical Athens and its influence on economy and society,” in Cartledge, et al., eds. (2002).
Hodge, A. T. (1960) The Woodwork of Greek Roofs. Cambridge.
Hodkinson, S. (1988) “Animal husbandry in the Greek polis,” in Whittaker, , ed. (1988).
Hodkinson, S. (2000) Property and Wealth in Classical Sparta. London.
Hoepfner, W. and Schwandner, E.-L. (1994) Haus und Stadt im klassischen Griechenland. Wohnen in der klassischen Polis. 2nd edn. Munich.
Hopper, R. J. (1979) Trade and Industry in Classical Greece. London.
Horden, P. and Purcell, N. (2000) The Corrupting Sea. A Study of Mediterranean History. Oxford.
Hornblower, J. (1981) Hieronymus of Cardia. Oxford.
Howgego, C. (1995) Ancient History from Coins. London and New York.
Hughes, J. D. (1983) “How the ancients viewed deforestation,” JFA 10.Google Scholar
Isager, S. (1992) “Sacred and profane ownership of land,” in Wells, ed. (1992).
Isager, S. and Skydsgaard, J. E. (1992) Ancient Greek Agriculture. London.
Jameson, M. H. (1977/8) “Agriculture and slavery in ancient Greece,” CJ 72.Google Scholar
Jameson, M. H. (1982) “The leasing of land in Rhamnous,” in Studies in Attic Epigraphy, History, and Topography Presented to Eugene Vanderpool.Princeton.Google Scholar
Jameson, M. H. (1990a) “Private space and the Greek city,” in Murray, and Price, , eds. (1990).
Jameson, M. H. (1990b) “Domestic space in the Greek city-state,” in Kent, , ed. (1990).
Jameson, M. H., Runnels, C. N., and Andel, T. H. (1994) A Greek Countryside.v The Southern Argolid from Prehistory to the Present. Stanford.
Johnstone, S. (1994) “Virtuous toil, vicious work: Xenophon on aristocratic style,” CP 89.Google Scholar
Jones, J. E. (1975) “Town and country houses of Attica in classical times,” in Mussche, et al., eds. (1975).
Jones, J. E., Graham, A. J., and Sackett, L. H. (1973) “An Attic country house below the cave of Pan at Vari,” BSA 68.Google Scholar
Jones, J. E., Sackett, L. H., and Graham, A. J. (1962) “The Dema house in Attica,” BSA 57.Google Scholar
Judeich, W. (1931) Topographie der Stadt Athen, 2nd edn. Munich.
Keller, D. R. and Rupp, D. W., eds. (1983) Archaeological Survey in the Mediterranean Area. Oxford.
Kent, J. H. (1948) “The temple estates of Delos, Rheneia, and Mykonos,” Hesperia 17.Google Scholar
Kiderlen, M. (1995) Megale Oikia. Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung aufwendiger griechischer Stadthausarchitektur von der Früharchaik bis ins 3.Jh. v. Chr. Hürth.
Kraay, C. M. (1969) Greek Coins and History: Some Current Problems. London.
Kurke, L. (1999) Coins, Bodies, Games, and Gold. The Politics of Meaning in Archaic Greece. Princeton.
Lambrinoudakis, V. (1986) “Ancient farmhouses on Mount Aipos,” in Boardman, and Vaphopoulou-Richardson, , eds. (1986).
Lane Fox, R. (1996) “Ancient hunting: from Homer to Polybios,” in Shipley, and Salmon, , eds. (1996).
Lapatin, K. D. S. (2001) Chryselephantine Statuary in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Oxford.
Lauffer, S. (1979) Die Bergwerkssklaven von Laureion. 2nd edn. Wiesbaden.
Lawall, M. (1998) “Ceramics and positivism revisited: Greek transport amphoras and history,” in Parkins, and Smith, , eds. (1998).London.
Lawrence, A. and Tomlinson, R. A. (1996) Greek Architecture. 5th edn. New Haven, CT.
Lawrence, A. W. (1979) Greek Aims in Fortification. Oxford.
Lewis, D. M. (1966) “After the profanation of the Mysteries,” in Badian, , ed. (1966); reprinted in Lewis, (1997).
Lewis, D. M. (1973) “The Athenian rationes centesimarum,” in Finley, , ed. (1973b); reprinted in Lewis, (1997).
Lewis, S. (2002) The Athenian Woman. An Iconographic Handbook. London and New York.
Lo Cascio, E. (2000b) “La popolazione,” in Lo Cascio, E., ed., Roma imperiale. Una metropoli antica.Rome.Google Scholar
Lo Cascio, E. ed. (2000c) Mercati permanenti e mercati periodici nel mondo romano. Bari.
Lohmann, H. (1992) “Agriculture and country life in classical Attica,” in Wells, , ed. (1992).
Lohmann, H. (1993) Atene. Forschungen zu Siedlungs- und Wirtschaftsstruktur des klassischen Attica. Cologne, Weimar, and Vienna.
Lotze, D. (1959) METAΞY EλEYΘEPΩN KAI ΔOYΛΩN. Studien zur Rechtsstellung unfreier Landbevölkerungen in Griechenland bis zum 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr. Berlin.
Lowe, B. (2001) “Between colonies and emporia: Iberian hinterlands and the exchange of salt in eastern Spain,” in Archibald, et al., eds. (2001).
MacDowell, D. M. (1962) Andokides on the Mysteries. Oxford.
Maier, F. G. (1959–61) Griechische Mauerbauinschriften. Heidelberg. Vestigia.
Mattusch, C. C. (1988) Greek Bronze Statuary: From the Beginnings through the Fifth Century. Ithaca, NY.
McDonald, J. (1996) “Athens and the hiera orgas,” in Dillon, , ed. (1996).
Meiggs, R. (1982) Trees and Timber in the Ancient Mediterranean World. Oxford.
Metzler, D. (1969) “Eine attische Kleinmeisterschale mit Töpferszenen in Karlsruhe,” AA (1969).Google Scholar
Miller, M. C. (1997) Athens and Persia in the Fifth Century BC. A Study in Cultural Receptivity. Cambridge.
Monaco, M. C. (2000) Ergasteria: impianti artigianali ceramici ad Atene ed in Attica dal protogeometrico alle soglie dell’ellenismo. Rome.
Monaghan, M. (2000) “Dyeing establishments in classical and Hellenistic Greece,” in Cardon, and Feugère, , eds. (2000).
Nevett, L. (1999) House and Society in the Ancient Greek World. Cambridge.
Nevett, L. (2000) “A real estate ‘market’ in classical Greece? The example of town housing,” BSA 95.Google Scholar
Osborne, R. (1985a) Demos: The Discovery of Classical Attika. Cambridge.
Osborne, R. (1987) Classical Landscape with Figures: The Ancient Greek City and Its Countryside. London.
Osborne, R. (2004a) “Demography and survey,” in Alcock, and Cherry, , eds. (2004).
Osborne, R. (2004c) “Greek archaeology: a survey of recent work,” AJA 108.Google Scholar
Owens, E. J. (1983) “The koprologoi at Athens in the fifth and fourth centuries BC,” CQ 33.Google Scholar
Parker, R. C. T. (1983) Miasma: Pollution and Purification in Early Greek Religion. Oxford.
Perotti, E. (1974) “Esclaves XΩPIΣ OIKOYNTEΣ”, Actes du Colloque Besançon 1972 sur l’esclavage. Paris.
Pesando, F. (1987) Oikos e ktesis: la casa greca in età classica. Perugia.
Petrakos, B. C. (1999) O δήμος τού Pαμνουντος II. Oι επιγραϕές. Athens.
Pritchett, W. K. (1956) ‘The Attic stelai, part II,” Hesperia 25.Google Scholar
Purcell, N. (1995) “Eating fish: the paradoxes of seafood,” in Wilkins, et al., eds. (1995).
Rackham, O. (1983) “Observations on the historical ecology of Boeotia,” BSA 78.Google Scholar
Rackham, O. (1990) “Ancient landscapes,” in Murray, and Price, , eds. (1990).
Rackham, O. (1996) “Ecology and pseudo-ecology: the example of ancient Greece,” in Shipley, and Salmon, , eds. (1996).
Reger, G. (1994) Regionalism and Change in the Economy of Independent Delos, 314–167 BC. Berkeley.
Reger, G. (2005) “The manufacture and distribution of perfume,” in Archibald, et al., eds. (2005).
Renfrew, C. and Wagstaff, M., eds. (1982) An Island Polity. The Archaeology of Exploitation in Melos Cambridge.
Rihll, T. E. (1999) Greek Science Greece and Rome New Surveys 29. Oxford.
Rihll, T. E. (2001) “Making money in classical Athens,” in Mattingly, and Salmon, , eds. (2001a).
Rihll, T. E. (2002) “Practice makes perfect: knowledge of materials in classical Athens,” in Tuplin, and Rihll, , eds., (2002).
Salmon, J. (1984) Wealthy Corinth: A History of the City to 338 B.C. Oxford.
Salviat, F. (1986) “Le vin de Thasos. Amphores, vin, et sources écrites,” in Empereur, and Garlan, , eds. (1986).
Sarpaki, A. (1992) “The palaeoethnobotanical approach. The Mediterranean triad - or is it a quartet?” in Wells, , ed. (1992).
Seaford, R. (1994) Reciprocity and Ritual: Homer and Tragedy in the Developing City State. Oxford.
Silver, M. (1995) Economic Structures of Antiquity. Westport, CT, and London.
Sparkes, B. A. (1962) “The Greek kitchen,” JHS 82.Google Scholar
Stillwell, A. N. (1948) The Potters’ Quarter. Princeton NJ.
Strong, D. E. (1966) Greek and Roman Gold and Silver Plate. London.
Thompson, F. H. (2003) The Archaeology of Greek and Roman Slavery. London.
Tomlinson, R. A. (1972) Argos and the Argolid from the End of the Bronze Age to the Roman Occupation. London.
Travlos, J. (1988) Bildlexicon zur Topographie des antiken Attica. Tübingen.
Treister, M. Y. (1996) The Role of Metals in Ancient Greek History. Mnemosyne Suppl. 156. Leiden.
Von Reden, S. (1995a) Exchange in Ancient Greece. London.
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (ed.) (1989) Patronage in Ancient Society. London and New York.
Wells, B., ed. (1992) Agriculture in Ancient Greece. Stockholm.
Whitehead, D. (1977) The Ideology of the Athenian Metic. Cambridge: PCPhrS Suppl. 4.
Whitehead, D. (1984) “Immigrant communities in the classical polis: some principles for a synoptic treatment,” AC 53.Google Scholar
Whitley, J. (2001) The Archaeology of Ancient Greece. Cambridge.
Whittaker, C. R. ed. (1988) Pastoral Economies in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge: PCPhS.
Williams, C. K. (1979) “Corinth 1978: Forum southwest,” Hesperia 48.Google Scholar
Williams, C. K. (1980) “Corinth excavations, 1979,” Hesperia 49.Google Scholar
Williams, D. and Ogden, J. (1994) Greek Gold. Jewellery of the Classical World. London.
Wilson, A. (2000) “Land drainage,” in Wikander, , ed. (2000).
Winter, F. E. (1971) Greek Fortifications. Toronto.
Wood, E. M. (1983) “Agricultural slavery in classical Athens,” AJAH 8.Google Scholar
Wood, E. M. (1988) Peasant-Citizen and Slave. The Foundations of Athenian Democracy. London.
Wright, J. C., Cherry, J. F., Davis, J. L., and Mantzourani, E. (1990) “The Nemea Valley archaeological survey: a preliminary report,” Hesperia 59.Google Scholar
Yegül, F. (1992) Baths and Bathing in Classical Antiquity. New York.
Young, R. S. (1951) “An industrial district of ancient Athens,” Hesperia 20.Google Scholar
Young, R. S. (1956) “Studies in south Attica. Country estates at Sounion,” Hesperia 25.Google Scholar
Ziomecki, J. (1975) Les représentations d’artisans sur les vases grecques. Warsaw.

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×