A web-mapping platform with all published archaeological remains revealed in rescue excavations in Athens from the nineteenth century onwards will be launched in 2020 by the Dipylon Society for the Study of Ancient Topography (https://dipylon.org). Costaki 2006 and 2009 offers a comprehensive study of Athenian streets, discussing technical matters and urban planning issues. Information on stretches of the city walls and the streets excavated in rescue excavations can be found in the reports of the Archaeological Service published annually in the Archaiologikon Deltion (in Greek).

For fortifications in Athens, Theocharaki 2020 provides the definitive study of the city walls throughout the centuries, assembling literary sources and archaeological evidence. The study of the fortifications in the Kerameikos has been recently enriched by the final publications of the Dipylon and Sacred Gates (Gruben and Müller 2018 and Kuhn 2017, respectively). Conwell’s 2008 monograph throws new light on the Long Walls, arguing that they were effective whenever the Athenians were confident in the safety of their fleet. Judeich 1931 and Travlos 1960 and 1971 provide the best overview of the location and names of the city gates and a general discussion of the city streets.

Additional resources to accompany this chapter can be found at: www.cambridge.org/NeilsRogers