Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T12:04:16.900Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 2 - Forging Identities between Heaven and Earth

Commentaries on Aristotle and Authorial Practices in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Byzantium

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2023

Baukje van den Berg
Affiliation:
Central European University, Vienna
Divna Manolova
Affiliation:
University of York
Przemysław Marciniak
Affiliation:
University of Silesia, Katowice
Get access

Summary

Between the eleventh and twelfth centuries a new class of authors specifically interested in classical philosophical texts appeared in Byzantium. After a long hiatus, these authors embarked upon a new adventure by producing commentaries on ancient philosophical texts. Their works are highly sophisticated and came to shape the Byzantine cultural landscape in this period and beyond. This chapter presents a survey of the middle Byzantine commentaries on philosophical works. For the first time, issues such as the conception of authoriality displayed in these commentaries, the different textual approaches, the transmission of these texts and the peculiar way of life of the Byzantine commentators are discussed and investigated from the point of view of the material and social conditions that favoured the production of these new texts.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Acerbi, F. and Vitrac, B. (2022) ‘Les mathématiques de Michel d’Éphèse’, RÈB 80.Google Scholar
Agapitos, P. A. (1998) ‘Teachers, Pupils and Imperial Power in Byzantium of the Eleventh-Century’, in Pedagogy and Power: Rhetorics of Classical Learning, ed. Too, Y. L. and Livingstone, N., 170–91. Ideas in Context 50. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Agapitos, P. A. (2017) ‘John Tzetzes and the Blemish Examiners: A Byzantine Teacher on Schedography, Everyday Language and Writerly Disposition’, MEG 17: 157.Google Scholar
Alexander, L. A. (1990) ‘The Living Voice: Scepticism Towards the Written Word in Early Christian and in Graeco-Roman Texts’, in The Bible in Three Dimensions: Essays in Celebration of Forty Years of Biblical Studies in the University of Sheffield, ed. Clines, D. J. A., Fowl, S. E. and Porter, S. E., 221–47. Sheffield.Google Scholar
Anastasi, R. (1976) ‘Sulla tradizione manoscritta delle opere di Psello’, in Studi di filologia bizantina, Siculorum Gymnasium 2: 6191.Google Scholar
Baltussen, H. (2007) ‘From Polemic to Exegesis: The Ancient Philosophical Commentary’, Poetics Today 28.2: 247–81.Google Scholar
Baltussen, H. (2008) Philosophy and Exegesis in Simplicius: The Methodology of a Commentator. London–New Delhi–New York–Sydney.Google Scholar
Bardy, G. (ed.) (1952–8) Eusèbe de Césarée, Histoire ecclésiastique, 3 vols. Paris.Google Scholar
Baudry, J. (ed.) (1931) Atticos: Fragments de son œuvre. Paris.Google Scholar
Benakis, L. (ed.) (2013) Theodore of Smyrna, Epitome of Nature and Natural Principles according to the Ancients: Editio princeps. Introduction, Text, Indices. Athens.Google Scholar
Brandis, C. A. (1836) Aristotelis opera iv: Scholia in Aristotelem. Berlin.Google Scholar
Bianchi, L. (2013) ‘Couper, distinguer, compléter: trois stratégies de lecture d’Aristote à la Faculté des arts’, in Les débuts de l’enseignement universitaire à Paris (1200–1245 environ), ed. Verger, J. and Weijers, O., 133–52. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Bianconi, D. (2004) ‘Eracle e Iolao: aspetti della collaborazione tra copisti nell’età dei paleologi’, ByzZ 96: 521–58.Google Scholar
Bianconi, D. (2005) ‘La biblioteca di Cora tra Massimo Planude e Niceforo Gregora: una questione di mani’, S&T 3: 391438.Google Scholar
Bianconi, D. (2008) ‘La controversia palamitica: figure, libri, testi, mani’, S&T 6: 337–76.Google Scholar
Bianconi, D. (2017) ‘La lettura dei testi antichi tra didattica ed erudizione: qualche esempio d’età paleologa’, in Toward a Historical Sociolinguistic Poetics of Medieval Greek, ed. Cuomo, A. M. and Trapp, E., 5783. Byzantioς: Studies in Byzantine History and Civilization 12. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Botha, P. J. J. (2012) Orality and Literacy in Early Christianity. Eugene, or.Google Scholar
Bouras-Vallianatos, P., with contributions by S. Xenophontos (2015) ‘Galen’s Reception in Byzantium: Symeon Seth and His Refutation of Galenic Theories on Human Physiology’, GRBS 55: 431–69.Google Scholar
Bouras-Vallianatos, P. (2018) ‘Reading Galen in Byzantium: The Fate of Therapeutics to Glaucon’, in Greek Medical Literature and Its Readers: From Hippocrates to Islam and Byzantium, ed. Bouras-Vallianatos, P. and Xenophontos, S., 180229. Abingdon–New York.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Browning, R. (1962a) ‘The Patriarchal School at Constantinople in the Twelfth Century’, Byzantion 32: 167201.Google Scholar
Browning, R. (1962b) ‘An Unpublished Funeral Oration on Anna Comnena’, PCPhS 188: 112.Google Scholar
Browning, R. (1963) ‘The Patriarchal School at Constantinople in the Twelfth Century’, Byzantion 33: 1140.Google Scholar
Browning, R. (1981) Church, State and Learning in Twelfth-Century Byzantium. Friends of Dr. William’s Library, Thirty-Fourth Lecture, 524. London.Google Scholar
Budelmann, F. (2002) ‘Classical Commentary in Byzantium: John Tzetzes on Ancient Greek Literature’, in The Classical Commentary: Histories, Practices, Theory, ed. Gibson, R. K. and Kraus, C. S., 141–69. Mnemosyne Supplements 232. Leiden–Boston–Cologne.Google Scholar
Busse, A. (ed.) (1895) Ammonius, In Aristotelis categorias commentarius. Berlin.Google Scholar
Busse, A. (1897) Ammonius, In librum de interpretatione commentarius. Berlin.Google Scholar
Bydén, B. (2010) ‘Leo Magentenos’, in Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, ed. Lagerlund, H., 684–5. Dordrecht–Heidelberg–London–New York.Google Scholar
Bydén, B. (2013) ‘“No Prince of Perfection”: Byzantine Anti-Aristotelianism from the Patristic Period to Plethon’, in Power and Subversion in Byzantium. Papers from the 43rd Annual Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, ed. Angelov, D. and Saxby, M., 147–76. Farnham.Google Scholar
Bydén, B. (2018) ‘Introduction: The Study and Reception of Aristotle’s Parva Naturalia’, in The Parva Naturalia in Greek, Arabic and Latin Aristotelianism, ed. Bydén, B. and Radovic, F., 150. Cham.Google Scholar
Cacouros, M. (1997) ‘Jean Chortasménos, “katholikos didaskalos”: contribution à l’histoire de l’enseignement à Byzance’, in Synodia: Studia humanitatis Antonio Garzya septuagenario ab amicis atque discipulis dicata, ed. Criscuolo, U. and Maisano, R., 83107. Naples.Google Scholar
Cavallo, G. (2000) ‘Scritture informali, cambio grafico e pratiche librarie a Bisanzio tra i secoli xi e xii’, in I manoscritti greci tra riflessione e dibattito. Atti del V Colloquio internazionale di paleografia greca, Cremona, 4–10 ottobre 1998, ed. Prato, G., 219–38. Florence.Google Scholar
Cavallo, G. (2002) ‘Conservazione e perdita dei testi greci: fattori materiali, sociali, culturali’, in Dalla parte del libro: storia di trasmissione dei classici, ed. Cavallo, G., 49176. Urbino.Google Scholar
Cavallo, G. (2010a) ‘Sodalizi eruditi e pratiche di scrittura a Bisanzio’, in Bilan et perspectives des études médiévales (1993–1998). Euroconférence (Barcelone, 8–12 juin 1999); Actes du IIe Congrès Européen d’Etudes Médiévales, ed. Hamesse, J., 645–65. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Cavallo, G. (2010b) ‘Oralità scrittura libro lettura: appunti su usi e contesti didattici tra antichità e Bisanzio’, in Libri di scuola e pratiche didattiche dall’Antichità al Rinascimento. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi Cassino, 7–10 maggio 2008, ed. Del Corso, L. and Pecere, O., vol. 1: 1136. Cassino.Google Scholar
Cesaretti, P. (1991) Allegoristi di Omero a Bisanzio: ricerche ermeneutiche (xixii secolo) . Milan.Google Scholar
Constantinides, C. N. (1982) Higher Education in Byzantium in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries, 1204–c. 1310. Nicosia.Google Scholar
Cooper, J. M. (2012) Pursuits of Wisdom: Six Ways of Life in Ancient Philosophy from Socrates to Plotinus. Princeton.Google Scholar
D’Ancona, C. (2001) ‘Commenting on Aristotle: From Late Antiquity to the Arab Aristotelianism’, in Der Kommentar in Antike und Mittelalter: Beiträge zu seiner Erforschung, ed. Geerlings, W. and Schulze, C., 200–51. Boston–Leiden–Cologne.Google Scholar
Darrouzès, J. (ed.) (1970) Georges et Dèmètrios Tornikès, lettres et discours: introduction, texte, analyses, traduction et notes. Paris.Google Scholar
Del Punta, F. (1998) ‘The Genre of Commentaries in the Middle Ages and Its Relation to the Nature and Originality of Medieval Thought’, in Was ist Philosophie im Mittelalter, ed. Speer, A. and Aertsen, J. A., 138–51. Berlin.Google Scholar
Diehl, E. (ed.) (1903) Procli Diadochi in Platonis Timaeum commentaria. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Diels, H. (ed.) (1882) Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor priores. Berlin.Google Scholar
Diels, H. (ed.) (1895) Simplicius, In Aristotelis physicorum libros quattuor posteriores. Berlin.Google Scholar
Dölger, F. (1940) ‘Zur Bedeutung von φιλόσοφος und φιλοσοφία in byzantinischer Zeit’, in Τεσσαρακοταετηρὶς θεοφίλου Βορέα, vol. 1: 125–36. Athens.Google Scholar
Domanski, J. (1996) La philosophie: théorie ou manière de vivre? Fribourg.Google Scholar
Donini, P. (1968) ‘Il De anima di Alessandro di Afrodisia e Michele Efesio’, RFIC 96: 316–23.Google Scholar
Döring, K. (1979) Exemplum Socratis: Studien zur Sokratesnachwirkung in der kynisch-stoischen Popularphilosophie der frühen Kaiserzeit und im frühen Christentum. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Droge, A. and Tabor, J.. (1992) A Noble Death: Suicide and Martyrdom among Christians and Jews in Antiquity. San Francisco.Google Scholar
Ebbesen, S. (1981) Commentators and Commentaries on Aristotle’s Sophistici Elenchi: A Study of Post-Aristotelian Ancient and Medieval Writings on Fallacies, vol. 1: The Greek Tradition, Leiden.Google Scholar
Ebbesen, S. (2002) ‘Late-Ancient Ancestors of Medieval Philosophical Commentaries’, in Il commento filosofico nell’occidente latino (secoli xiiixv), ed. Fioravanti, G., Leonardi, C. and Perfetti, S., 115. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Edwards, M. (2007) ‘Socrates and the Early Church’, in Socrates from Antiquity to the Enlightenment, ed. Trapp, M., 127–42. Aldershot.Google Scholar
Escobar, A. (1990) ‘Die Textgeschichte der aristotelischen Schrift De insomniis: Ein Beitrag zur Überlieferungsgeschichte der Parva naturalia’, unpublished PhD thesis, Free University of Berlin.Google Scholar
Festugiere, A. J. (1969) ‘L’ordre de lecture des dialogues de Platon aux Ve/VIe siècles’, MH 26: 281–96.Google Scholar
Förstel, C. (2011) ‘Metochites and His Books between the Chora and the Renaissance’, in The Kariye Camii Reconsidered / Kariye Camii Yeniden, Istanbul Arastirmalari Enstitusu, ed. Klein, H. A., Ousterhout, R. and Pitarakis, B., 241–66. Istanbul.Google Scholar
Frankopan, P. (2009) ‘The Literary, Cultural and Political Context for the Twelfth-Century Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics’, in Medieval Greek Commentaries on the Nicomachean Ethics, ed. Barber, C. and Jenkins, D., 4562. Leiden–Boston.Google Scholar
Fuchs, F. (1926) Die höheren Schulen von Konstantinopel im Mittelalter . Leipzig.Google Scholar
Gamillscheg, E. (2006) ‘Johannes Chortasmenos als Restaurator des Wiener Dioskurides’, Biblos 55.2: 3540.Google Scholar
Garland, L. (2017) ‘Mary “of Alania”, Anna Komnene, and the Revival of Aristotelianism in Byzantium’, ByzSlav 75.1–2: 123–63.Google Scholar
Gaul, N. (2011) Thomas Magistros und die spätbyzantische Sophistik: Studien zum Humanismus urbaner Eliten der frühen Palaiologenzeit. Wiesbaden.Google Scholar
Gautier, P. (ed.) (1975) Theodore Prodromos, Epithalamium fortunatissimis caesaris filiis, in Nicéphore Bryennios, Histoire, 341–55. Brussels.Google Scholar
Giannantoni, G. (1986 2) Socrate, tutte le testimonianze: da Aristofane e Senofonte ai padri cristiani, second revised edition. Rome–Bari.Google Scholar
Giokarinis, K. (1964) ‘Eustratius of Nicaea’s Defense of the Doctrine of Ideas’, Franciscan Studies 12: 159204.Google Scholar
Golitsis, P. (2008) Les Commentaires de Simplicius et de Jean Philopon à la Physique d’Aristote . Berlin–New York.Google Scholar
Golitsis, P. (2010) ‘Copistes, élèves et érudits: la production de manuscrits philosophiques autour de Georges Pachymère’, in The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Studies on Greek Handwriting. Proceedings of the Seventh International Colloquium of Greek Palaeography (Madrid–Salamanca, 15–20 September 2008), ed. Bravo Garcia, A. and Pérez Martín, I., 157–70. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Golitsis, P. (2014) ‘Trois annotations de manuscrits aristotéliciens au XIIe siècle: les Parisini gr. 1901 et 1853 et l’Oxoniensis Corporis Christi 108’, in Storia della scrittura ed altre storie, ed. Bianconi, D., 3352. Rome.Google Scholar
Golitsis, P. (2018) ‘Michel d’Éphèse’, in Dictionnaire des philosophes antiques, vol. 7, ed. Goulet, R., 609–16. Paris.Google Scholar
Gouillard, J. (1985) ‘Le procès officiel de Jean l’Italien: les actes et leurs sous-entendues’, T&MByz 9: 133–74.Google Scholar
Goulet-Cazé, M.-O. (1982) ‘Le programme d’enseignement dans les Écoles néolatonicienne’, in Porphyre, La vie de Plotin, vol. 1, ed. Brisson, L., Goulet-Cazé, M.-O., Goulet, R. and O’Brien, D.; preface by Jean Pépin, 277–80. Paris.Google Scholar
Goulet, R. (2007) ‘La conservation et la transmission des textes philosophiques Grecs’, in The Library of the Neoplatonists, ed. D’Ancona, C., 2962. Leiden–Boston.Google Scholar
Grünbart, M. (2014) ‘Paideia Connects: The Interaction between Teachers and Pupils in Twelfth-Century Byzantium’, in Networks of Learning: Perspectives on Scholars in Byzantine East and Latin West, c. 1000–1200, ed. Steckel, S., Gaul, N. and Grünbart, M., 1731. Zurich–Berlin.Google Scholar
Hadot, I. (1987a) ‘Les introductions aux commentaires exégétiques chez les auteurs néoplatoniciens et les auteurs chrétiens’, in Les règles de l’interprétation, ed. Tardieu, M., 99122. Paris.Google Scholar
Hadot, I. (1987b) ‘La division neoplatonicienne des écrits d’Aristote’, in Aristoteles: Werk und Wirkung. Paul Moraux gewidmet, vol. 2, ed. Wiesner, J., 6393. Berlin–New York.Google Scholar
Hadot, I. (1991) ‘The Role of the Commentaries on Aristotle in the Teaching of Philosophy According to the Prefaces of the Neoplatonic Commentaries on the Categories’, in Aristotle and the Later Tradition, ed. Blumenthal, H. and Robinson, H., 175–89. Oxford.Google Scholar
Hadot, I. (1992) ‘Aristote dans l’enseignement philosophique néoplatonicien: les préfaces des commentaires sur les Categories’, RThPh 124: 407–25.Google Scholar
Hadot, P. (1981) Exercices spirituels et philosophie antique. Paris.Google Scholar
Hadot, P. (1990) ‘The Harmony of Plotinus and Aristotle According to Porphyry’, in Aristotle Transformed, ed. Sorabji, R., 125–40. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Hadot, P. (1995) Qu’est-ce que la philosophie antique? Paris.Google Scholar
Hadot, P. (2001) La Philosophie comme manière de vivre. Paris.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1882) Simplicius, In libros Aristotelis de anima commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1888) Asclepius, In Aristotelis metaphysicorum libros A–Z commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1891) Alexander Aphrodisiensis, In Aristotelis metaphysica commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1897) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis de anima libros commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1901) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis meteorologicorum librum primum commentarium. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1904) Michaelis Ephesii in libros De partibus animalium, De animalium motione, De animalium incessu commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Hayduck, M. (ed.) (1907) Eustratii in analyticorum posteriorum librum secundum commentarium. Berlin.Google Scholar
Heiberg, J. L. (ed.) (1894) Simplicius, In Aristotelis de caelo commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Helmreich, G. (ed.) (1923) Galeni De alimentorum facultatibus libri iii. Berlin.Google Scholar
Heylbut, G. (ed.) (1889) Eustratii et Michaelis et Anonyma in ethica Nicomachea commentaria . Berlin.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, P. (1987) ‘Simplicius’ Polemics’, in Philoponus and the Rejection of Aristotelian Science, ed. Sorabji, R., 5783. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, P. (1998) ‘La fonction des prologues exégétiques dans la pensée pédagogique néoplatonicienne’, in Entrer en matière, ed. Roussel, B. and Dubois, J.-D., 209–45. Paris.Google Scholar
Hoffmann, P. (2009) ‘What Was Commentary in Late Antiquity? The Example of the Neoplatonic Commentators’, in A Companion to Ancient Philosophy, ed. Gill, M. L. and Pellegrin, P., 597622. West Sussex.Google Scholar
Horn, C. (2010) Antike Lebenskunst: Glück und Moral von Sokrates bis zu den Neuplatonikern. Munich.Google Scholar
Hunger, H. (1957) ‘Johannes Chortasmenos, ein byzantinischer Intellektueller der späten Palaiologenzeit’, WS 70: 153–63.Google Scholar
Hunger, H., Kresten, O. and Hannick, C. (1984) Katalog der griechischen Handschriften der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek 3,2: Codices theologici 101–200. Vienna.Google Scholar
Ierodiakonou, K. (2002) ‘Psellos’ Paraphrase on Aristotle’s De interpretatione’, in Byzantine Philosophy and Its Ancient Sources, ed. Ierodiakonou, K., 157–81. Oxford.Google Scholar
Ierodiakonou, K. (2012) ‘The Byzantine Commentator’s Task: Transmitting, Transforming or Transcending Aristotle’s Text’, in Knotenpunkt Byzanz: Wissensformen und kulturelle Wechselbeziehungen, ed. Speer, A. and Steinkrüger, P., 199209. Berlin–Boston.Google Scholar
Jenkins, D. (2006) ‘Psellos’ Conceptual Precision’, in Reading Michael Psellos, ed. Barber, C. and Jenkins, D., 131–51. Leiden–Boston.Google Scholar
Joannou, P. (ed.) (1956) Quaestiones quodlibetales (Ἀπορίαι καὶ λύσεις) . Ettal.Google Scholar
Kalbfleisch, K. (ed.) (1907) Simplicius, In Aristotelis Categorias commentarium. Berlin.Google Scholar
Kaldellis, A. (2009) ‘Classical Scholarship in Twelfth-Century Byzantium’, in Medieval Greek Commentaries on the Nicomachean Ethics, ed. Barber, C. and Jenkins, D., 143. Leiden–Boston.Google Scholar
Karamanolis, G. (2006) Plato and Aristotle in Agreement? Platonists on Aristotle from Antiochus to Porphyry. Oxford.Google Scholar
Koch, L. (2015) ‘Τὸ τῆς λέξεως συνεχές: Michael von Ephesos und die Rezeption der Aristotelischen Schrift De motu animalium in Byzanz’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Hamburg.Google Scholar
Kraus, C. S. (2002) ‘Introduction: Reading Commentaries/Commentaries as Reading’, in The Classical Commentary: Histories, Practices, Theory, ed. Gibson, R. K. and Kraus, C. S., 127. Mnemosyne Supplements 232. Leiden–Boston–Cologne.Google Scholar
Kühn, K. G. (ed.) (1826–7) Claudii Galeni opera xiixiii. Leipzig.Google Scholar
Leclercq, J. (1952) ‘Pour l’histoire de l’expression “philosophie chrétienne”’, MSR 9: 221–6.Google Scholar
Lemerle, P. (1971) Le premier humanisme byzantin: notes et remarques sur enseignement et culture à Byzance des origines au Xe siècle. Paris.Google Scholar
Lemerle, P. (1977) Cinq études sur le XIe siècle byzantine. Paris.Google Scholar
Lilla, S. (1985) Codices Vaticani Graeci: Codices 2162–2254 (codices Columnenses). Vatican City.Google Scholar
MacAlister, S. (1996) Dreams and Suicides: The Greek Novel from Antiquity to the Byzantine Empire. London.Google Scholar
Malingray, A. M. (1961) ‘Philosophia’: étude d’un groupe de mots dans la literature grecque, des Présocratiques au iv siecle après J.C. Paris.Google Scholar
Marciniak, P. (2007) ‘Byzantine Theatron – A Place of Performance?’, in Theatron: Rhetorische Kultur in Spätantike und Mittelalter / Rhetorical Culture in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, ed. Grünbart, M., 277–85. Millennium-Studien 13. Berlin–New York.Google Scholar
Marciniak, P. (2016) ‘Reinventing Lucian in Byzantium’, DOP 70: 209–24.Google Scholar
Markopoulos, A. (2006) ‘De la structure de l’école byzantine: le maître, les livres et le processus éducatif’, in Lire et écrire à Byzance, ed. Mondrain, B., 8596. Centre de recherche d’Histoire et Civilisation de Byzance: Monographies 19. Paris.Google Scholar
Markopoulos, A. (2013a) ‘In Search for “Higher Education” in Byzantium’, Zbornik Radova Vyzantoloskog Instituta 50.1: 2844.Google Scholar
Markopoulos, A. (2013b) ‘Teachers and Textbooks in Byzantium, Ninth to Eleventh Centuries’, in Networks of Learning: Perspectives on Scholars in Byzantine East and Latin West, c. 1000–1200, ed. Steckel, S., Gaul, N. and Grünbart, M., 315. Zurich–Berlin.Google Scholar
Menchelli, M. (2010) ‘Cerchie aristoteliche e letture platoniche (Manoscritti di Platone, Aristotele e commentatori)’, in The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Studies on Greek Handwriting. Proceedings of the Seventh International Colloquium of Greek Palaeography (Madrid–Salamanca, 1–20 September 2008), ed. Bravo Garcia, A. and Pérez Martin, I., 493502 and 891–7. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Mercati, G. (1915) ‘Fra i commentatori greci di Aristotele’, MEFRA 35: 191219.Google Scholar
Mercati, G. and de’ Cavalieri, F. (1923) Codices Vaticani Graeci, Tomus i: Codices 1–329. Rome.Google Scholar
Mercken, H. F. P. (1990) ‘The Greek Commentators on Aristotle’s Ethics’, in Aristotle Transformed: The Ancient Commentators and Their Influence, ed. Sorabji, R., 407–43. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Mergiali, S. (1996) L’enseignement et les lettrés pendant l’époque des Paléologues (1261–1453). Athens.Google Scholar
Miles, G. (2014) ‘Living as a Sphinx: Composite Being and Monstrous Interpreter in the Middle Life of Michael Pellos’, in Conjunctions of Mind, Soul and Body from Plato to the Enlightenment, ed. Kambaskovic, D., 1124. New York.Google Scholar
Miles, G. (2017) ‘Psellos and His Traditions’, in Byzantine Perspectives on Neoplatonism, ed. Mariev, S., 79102. Berlin–Boston.Google Scholar
Mondrain, B. (2000) ‘La constitution de corpus d’Aristote et de ses commentateurs aux XIIIe–XIVe siècles’, CodMan 29: 1133.Google Scholar
Mournet, T. C. (2005) Oral Tradition and Literary Dependency. Tübingen.Google Scholar
Németh, A. (2014) ‘Fragments from the Earliest Parchment Manuscript of Eustratius’ Commentary on Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics’, RHT 9: 5178.Google Scholar
Nesseris, I. (2014) ‘Η Παιδεία στην Κωνσταντινούπολη κατά τον 12ο αιώνα’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Ioannina.Google Scholar
Neville, L. (2016) Anna Komnene: The Life and Work of a Medieval Historian. Oxford.Google Scholar
Nilsson, I. (2016) ‘Poets and Teachers in the Underworld: From the Lucianic katabasis to the Timarion’, SO 90.1: 180204.Google Scholar
Nilsson, I. (2018) ‘Hades Meets Lazarus: The Literary Katabasis in Twelfth-Century Byzantium’, in Roundtrip to Hades: Visits to the Underworld in the Eastern Mediterranean Tradition, ed. Ekroth, G. and Nilsson, I., 322–41. Leiden.Google Scholar
Nutton, V. (2007) ‘Galen in Byzantium’, in Material Culture and Well-Being in Byzantium (400–1453), ed. Grünbart, M., Kislinger, E., Muthesius, A. and Stathakopoulos, D., 171–6. Vienna.Google Scholar
O’Meara, D. J. (2012) ‘Political Philosophy in Michael Psellos: The Chronographia Read in Relation to His Philosophical Work’, in The Many Faces of Byzantine Philosophy, ed. Ierodiakonou, K. and Bydén, B., 153–70. Papers and Monographs from the Norwegian Institute at Athens Series 4.1. Athens.Google Scholar
Orsini, P. (2005) ‘Pratiche collettive di scrittura a Bisanzio nei secoli ix e x’, S&T 3: 265342.Google Scholar
Papadogiannakis, Y. (2013) Christianity and Hellenism in the Fifth-Century Greek East: Theodoret’s Apologetics against the Greeks in Context. Cambridge, ma.Google Scholar
Papaioannou, S. (2012a) ‘Fragile Literature: Byzantine Letter-Collections and the Case of Michael Psellos’, in La face cachée de la littérature byzantine: le texte en tant que message immédiat. Actes du colloque international (Paris, juin 2008), ed. Odorico, P., 289‒328. Dossiers Byzantins 11. Paris.Google Scholar
Papaioannou, S. (2012b) ‘Rhetoric and the Philosopher in Byzantium’, in The Many Faces of Byzantine Philosophy, ed. Ierodiakonou, K. and Bydén, B., 171–98. Papers and Monographs from the Norwegian Institute at Athens Series 4.1. Athens.Google Scholar
Papaioannou, S. (2013) Michael Psellos: Rhetoric and Authorship in Byzantium. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Penco, G. (1960) ‘La vita ascetica come “filosofia” nell’antica tradizione monastica’, StudMon 2: 7993.Google Scholar
Pérez Martín, I. (1997) ‘El scriptorium de Cora: un modelo de acercamiento a los centros de copia Byzantinos’, in Epigeios-Ouranos-El cielo en la terra: estudio sobre el monasterio Byzantinos, ed. Bádenas, P., Bravo, A. and Pérez Martín, I., 203–24. Madrid.Google Scholar
Pérez Martín, I. (2013) ‘The Transmission of Some Writings by Psellos in Thirteenth-Century Constantinople’, in Theologica Minora: The Minor Genres of Byzantine Theological Literature, ed. Rigo, A., 159–74. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Pizzone, A. (2016) ‘Emotions and Audiences in Eustathios of Thessaloniki’s Commentaries on Homer’, DOP 70: 225–44.Google Scholar
Pizzone, A. (2017) ‘Tzetzes’ Historiai: A Byzantine “Book of Memory”?’, BMGS 41.2: 182207.Google Scholar
Podolak, O. A. (2016) ‘Nicetas Archbishop of Nicomedia: A Forgotten Figure in the Twelfth-Century Controversy Surrounding the Filioque’, RSBN 53: 151–72.Google Scholar
Podskalsky, G. (1977) Theologie und Philosophie in Byzanz: Der Streit um die theologische Methodik in der spätbyzantinischen Geistgeschichte (14./15. Jh.), seine systematischen Grundlagen und seine historische Entwicklung. Munich.Google Scholar
Polemis, I. (2014) Michael Psellos, Orationes funebres, vol. 1. Berlin.Google Scholar
Powell, O. (2003) Galen, On the Properties of Foodstuffs. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Praechter, K. (1906) ‘Compte rendu de M. Hayduck (éd.), Michaelis Ephesii in Libros De partibus animalium, De animalium motione, De animalium incessu. Commentaria in Aristotelem Graeca xxii 2’, GGA 168: 861907.Google Scholar
Protogirou, S.-A. (2014) ‘Ρητορική θεατρικότητα στο έργο του Μιχαήλ Ψελλού’ (Rhetoric and Theatrality in the Work of Michael Psellos), unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cyprus.Google Scholar
Rabbow, P. (1954) Seelenfuhrung: Methodik der Exercitien in der Antike. Munich.Google Scholar
Rabe, H. (ed.) (1896) Anonymi et Stephani in Artem rhetoricam commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Reinsch, D. R. (ed.) (2014) Michaelis Pselli Cronographia. Berlin–New York.Google Scholar
Richard, M. (1950) ‘Ἀπὸ φωνῆς’, Byzantion 20: 191222.Google Scholar
Rigo, A. (2006) ‘Giovanni Italos commentatore della Gerarchia celeste dello pseudo-Dionigi l’Areopagita’, Nea Rhome 3: 223–32.Google Scholar
Romano, R. (1974) Pseudo-Luciano, Timarione: testo critico, introduzione, traduzione, commentario e lessico. Naples.Google Scholar
Roilos, P. (2005) Amphoteroglossia: A Poetics of the Twelfth-Century Medieval Greek Novel. Washington, dc.Google Scholar
Ronconi, F. (2011) ‘Le silence des livres: manuscrits philosophiques et circulation des idées à l’époque byzantine moyenne’, Quaestio 11: 169207.Google Scholar
Schmid, W. (1995) ‘Selbstsorge: Zur Biographie eines Begriffs’, in Zur Grundlegung einer integrativen Ethik, ed. Endreß, M., 98129. Frankfurt.Google Scholar
Sellars, J. (2003) The Art of Living: The Stoics on the Nature and Function of Philosophy. Aldershot.Google Scholar
Sellars, J. (2017) ‘What Is Philosophy as a Way of Life?’, Parrhesia 28: 4056.Google Scholar
Ševčenko, I. (1964) ‘Some Autographs of Nicephorus Gregoras’, in Mélanges Georges Ostrogorsky, vol. 2, ed. Barišić, F., 435–50. Belgrade.Google Scholar
Ševčenko, I. (1975) ‘Theodore Metochites, the Chora, and the Intellectual Trends of His Time’, in The Kariye Drami, vol. 4: Studies in the Art of the Kariye Djami and Its Intellectual Background, ed. Underwood, P. A., 1991. Princeton.Google Scholar
Siniossoglou, N. (2008) Plato and Theodoret: The Christian Appropriation of Platonic Philosophy and the Hellenic Intellectual Resistance. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Sorabji, R. (2005) The Philosophy of the Commentators: A Sourcebook, vol. 3. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Speck, P. (1974) Die Kaiserliche Universität von Konstantinopel. Munich.Google Scholar
Tannery, P. (1888) ‘Rapport sur une mission en Italie’, in Archives des Missions Scientifiques et Littéraires 3e sér. XIV, 405–55.Google Scholar
Temkin, O. (1973) Galenism: Rise and Decline of a Medical Philosophy. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2007) ‘Byzantine Philosophy as a Contemporary Historiographical Project’, RecTh 74.1: 247–94.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2009) ‘Neoplatonic Source-Material in Eustratios of Nicaea’s Commentary on Book VI of the Nicomachean Ethics’, in Medieval Greek Commentaries on the Nicomachean Ethics, ed. Barber, C. and Jenkins, D., 71109. Leiden–Boston.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2012) ‘A Neoplatonic Refutation of Islam from the Time of the Komnenoi’, in Knotenpunkt Byzanz: Wissensformen und kulturelle Wechselbeziehungen, ed. Speer, A. and Steinkrüger, P., 71109. Berlin–Boston.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2013) ‘Ancient Physics in the Mid-Byzantine Period: The Epitome of Theodore of Smyrna, Consul of the Philosophers under Alexios I Komnenos (1081–1118)’, Bulletin de philosophie médiévale 54: 77101.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2014) ‘Eleventh- to Twelfth-Century Byzantium’, in Interpreting Proclus: From Antiquity to the Renaissance, ed. Gersh, S., 182215. Cambridge.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2016) Il Neoplatonismo di Eustrazio di Nicea. Bari.Google Scholar
Trizio, M. (2018) ‘The Byzantine Reception of Aristotle’s Parva naturalia (and the Zoological Works) in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Byzantium: An Overview’, in The Parva Naturalia in Greek, Arabic and Latin Aristotelianism, ed. Bydén, B. and Radovic, F., 155–68. Cham.Google Scholar
Tuominen, M. (2009) The Ancient Commentators on Plato and Aristotle. Berkeley.Google Scholar
Urbano, A. P. (2013) The Philosophical Life: Biography and the Crafting of Intellectual Identity in Late-Antiquity . Washington, dc.Google Scholar
Vitelli, G. (ed.) (1887) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis physicorum libros tres priores commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Vitelli, G. (ed.) (1888) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis physicorum libros quinque posteriores commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Vitelli, G. (ed.) (1897) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis libros de generatione et corruptione commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Wallies, M. (ed.) (1883) Alexander Aphrodisiensis, In Aristotelis analyticorum priorum librum 1 commentarium. Berlin.Google Scholar
Wallies, M. (ed.) (1905) Ioannis Philoponi in Aristotelis analytica priora commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Weijers, O. (2002) La ‘disputatio’ dans les facultés des arts au Moyen Âge. Turnhout.Google Scholar
Wendland, P. (ed.) (1901) Alexander Aphrodisiensis: in librum de sensu commentarium. Berlin.Google Scholar
Wendland, P. (ed.) (1903) Michaelis Ephesii in parva naturalia commentaria. Berlin.Google Scholar
Westerink, L. G. (ed.) (1954) Proclus, Commentary on the First Alcibiades of Plato. Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Westerink, L. G. (1990 2) ‘The Alexandrian Commentators and the Introductions to Their Commentaries’, in Aristotle Transformed: The Ancient Commentators and Their Influence, ed. Sorabji, R., 325–48. Ithaca, ny.Google Scholar
Wiesner, J. (1981) ‘Zu den Scholien der Parva Naturalia des Aristoteles’, in Proceedings of the World Congress on Aristotle, Thessaloniki, August 7–14, 1978, 233–7. Athens.Google Scholar
Wilson, E. (2007) The Death of Socrates. Cambridge, ma.Google Scholar
Wilson, N. G. (2008) ‘Review of P. Moore, Iter Psellianum’, JHS 128: 288.Google Scholar
Whitmarsh, T. (2005) The Second Sophistic. Cambridge.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×