Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:15:56.920Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Section 2 - Management Commentaries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 December 2018

Gordon Parker
Affiliation:
University of New South Wales, Sydney
Get access
Type
Chapter
Information
Bipolar II Disorder
Modelling, Measuring and Managing
, pp. 211 - 288
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2002). Practice guidelines for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision). American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 150.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J.D., Garcia-Espana, F., Schweizer, E., et al. (1998). Fluoxetine and bipolar II major depressive episode. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 18, 435–40.Google ScholarPubMed
Amsterdam, J. D., Shults, J., Brunswick, D. J., et al. (2004). Short-term fluoxetine monotherapy for bipolar type II or bipolar NOS major depression – low manic switch rate. Bipolar Disorders, 6, 7581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amsterdam, J. D., Wang, C.-H., Schwarz, M., et al. (2009). Venlafaxine versus lithium monotherapy of rapid and non-rapid cycling patients with bipolar II major depressive episode: a randomized, parallel group, open-label trial. Journal of Affective Disorders, 112, 219–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amsterdam, J. D., Wang, G., and Shults, J. (2010). Venlafaxine monotherapy of bipolar II major depressive episode in non-responders to prior lithium monotherapy: a cross-over study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 121, 201–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., Luo, L., and Shults, J. (2013a). Effectiveness and mood conversion rate of short-term fluoxetine monotherapy in patients with rapid cycling bipolar II depression versus patients with nonrapid cycling bipolar II depression. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 33, 420–4.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., Luo, L., Shults, J. (2013b). Efficacy and mood conversion rate during long-term fluoxetine versus lithium monotherapy in rapid and non-rapid cycling bipolar type II patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202, 301–6.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., Lorenzo-Luaces, L., Soeller, I., et al. (2015). Safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for relapse-prevention of bipolar II depression: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, prospective study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 185, 31–7.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., Lorenzo-Luaces, L., Soeller, I., et al. (2016). Effectiveness and mood conversion rate of short-term venlafaxine versus lithium monotherapy of bipolar type II major depressive episode – a randomized, double-blind, prospective study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 208, 359–65.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., and Shults, J. (2005). Fluoxetine monotherapy for bipolar type II and bipolar NOS major depression – a double-blind, placebo-substitution, continuation study. International Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20, 357–64.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., and Shults, J. (2008). Comparison of short-term venlafaxine versus lithium monotherapy of bipolar II major depressive episode: a randomized open-label study. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 28, 171–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Amsterdam, J. D., and Shults, J. (2010a). Efficacy and mood conversion rate of short-term fluoxetine monotherapy of bipolar II major depressive episode. Low mood conversion rate during initial fluoxetine monotherapy of bipolar type II major depressive episode. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30, 306–11.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., and Shults, J. (2010b). Efficacy and safety of long-term fluoxetine versus lithium monotherapy of bipolar type II disorder – a randomized, double-blind, placebo-substitution trial. American Journal of Psychiatry, 167, 792800.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fountoulakis, K. N., Vieta, E., Sanchez-Moreno, J., et al. (2005). Treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder: a critical review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 86, 110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lorenzo-Luaces, L., Amsterdam, J. D., Soeller, I., et al. (2016). Rapid versus non-rapid bipolar II depression: response to venlafaxine and lithium and hypomanic risk. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 133, 459–69.Google Scholar
Pacchiarotti, I., Bond, D. J., Baldessarini, R. J., et al. (2013). The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Task Force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 1249–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parker, G., Tully, L., Olley, A., et al. (2006). SSRIs as mood stabilizers for bipolar II disorder: a proof of concept study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 92, 205–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swartz, H. A., Rucci, P., Thase, M. E., et al. (2017). Psychotherapy alone and combined with medication as treatments for bipolar II depression: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, doi: 10.4088/JCP.16m11027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

References

Dierckx, B., Heijnen, W.T., van den Broek, W.W. et al., (2012). Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta‐analysis. Bipolar Disorders, 14, 146–50.Google Scholar
Lydiard, R.B., Culpepper, L., Schiöler, H. et al., (2009). Quetiapine monotherapy as treatment for anxiety symptoms in patients with bipolar depression: a pooled analysis of results from 2 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 11, 215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McElroy, S.L., Weisler, R.H., Chang, W. et al., (2010). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and paroxetine as monotherapy in adults with bipolar depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McIntyre, R.S., Cucchiaro, J., Pikalov, A. et al., (2015). Lurasidone in the treatment of bipolar depression with mixed (subsyndromal hypomanic) features: post hoc analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, 398405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, J., Paykel, E., Morriss, R. et al., (2006). Cognitive-behavioural therapy for severe and recurrent bipolar disorders: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 313–20.Google Scholar
Sheehan, D.V., Harnett-Sheehan, K., Hidalgo, R.B. et al., (2013). Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine XR and divalproex ER monotherapies in the treatment of the anxious bipolar patient. Journal of Affective Disorders, 145, 8394.Google Scholar
Sikdar, S., Kulhara, P., Avasthi, A. et al., (1994). Combined chlorpromazine and electroconvulsive therapy in mania. British Journal of Psychiatry, 164, 806–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Suppes, T., Silva, R., Cucchiaro, J. et al., (2015). Lurasidone for the treatment of major depressive disorder with mixed features: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 173, 400–7.Google Scholar
Swartz, H.A. and Thase, M.E. (2011). Pharmacotherapy for the treatment of acute bipolar II depression: current evidence. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 72, 356.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, A.H., McElroy, S.L., Bauer, M. et al., (2010). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and lithium monotherapy in adults in the acute phase of bipolar depression (EMBOLDEN I). Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 150–62.Google ScholarPubMed

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2002). Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision). American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 150.Google Scholar
Argyropoulos, S.V. and Nutt, D.J. (2013). Anhedonia revisited: is there a role for dopamine-targeting drugs for depression? Journal of Psychopharmacology, 27, 869–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodwin, G.M., Haddad, P.M., Ferrier, I.N., et al. (2016). Evidence-based guidelines for treating bipolar disorder: revised third edition. Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 30, 495553.Google Scholar
Leichsenring, F. and Steinert, C. (2017). Is cognitive behavioral therapy the gold standard for psychotherapy? The need for plurality in treatment and research. JAMA, 318, 1323–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malhi, G.S., Bassett, D., Boyce, P., et al. (2015). Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 1087–206.Google Scholar
National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health. (2014). Bipolar disorder: the assessment and management of bipolar disorder in adults, children and young people in primary and secondary care, updated edition. Clinical Guideline 185. Available at http://rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/updated%20NICE%20bipolar%20guidance.pdf (accessed 18 November 2017).Google Scholar
Polkinghorne, J. (2007). Exploring Reality. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Yatham, L.N., Kennedy, S.H., Parikh, SV., et al. (2013). Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2013. Bipolar Disorders, 15, 144.Google Scholar

References

Amsterdam, J. D. and Brunswick, D. J. (2003). Antidepressant monotherapy for bipolar type II major depression. Bipolar Disorders, 5, 388–95.Google Scholar
Grunze, H., Vieta, E., Goodwin, G. M., et al. (2018). The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for the biological treatment of bipolar disorders: acute and long-term treatment of mixed states in bipolar disorder. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 19, 258.Google Scholar
Medda, P., Perugi, G., Zanello, S., et al. (2009). Response to ECT in bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 118, 55–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perlis, R. H., Ostacher, M. J., Goldberg, J. F., et al. (2010). Transition to mania during treatment of bipolar depression. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35, 2545–52.Google Scholar
Tondo, L., Baldessarini, R. J. and Floris, G. (2001). Long-term clinical effectiveness of lithium maintenance treatment in types I and II bipolar disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry Supplement, 41, 184–90.Google ScholarPubMed
Young, A. H., Calabrese, J. R., Gustafsson, U., et al. (2013). Quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar II depression: combined data from four large, randomized studies. International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, 1, 10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References

Geddes, J.R., Gardiner, A., Rendell, J., et al. (2016). Comparative evaluation of quetiapine plus lamotrigine combination versus quetiapine monotherapy (and folic acid versus placebo) in bipolar depression (CEQUEL): a 2×2 factorial randomised trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3, 31–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malhi, G.S., Bassett, D., Boyce, P., et al. (2015). Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 49, 1087–206.Google Scholar
Malhi, G.S., Berk, M., Morris, G., et al. (2017). Mixed mood: the not so united states? Bipolar Disorders, 19, 242–5.Google Scholar
Malhi, G.S., Byrow, Y., Boyce, P., et al. (2016). Why the hype about subtype? Bipolar I, bipolar II–It's simply bipolar, through and through! Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 50, 303–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tohen, M., Gold, A.K., Sylvia, L.G., et al. (2017). Bipolar mixed features–results from the comparative effectiveness for bipolar disorder (Bipolar CHOICE) study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 217, 183–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Loos, M.L., Mulder, P.G., Hartong, E.G., et al. (2009). Efficacy and safety of lamotrigine as add-on treatment to lithium in bipolar depression: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 70, 223–31.Google Scholar
Vázquez, G.H., Lolich, M., Cabrera, C., et al. (2017). Mixed symptoms in major depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225, 756–60.Google ScholarPubMed

References

Amsterdam, J.D., Lorenzo-Luaces, L., Soeller, I. et al. (2016). Short-term venlafaxine v. lithium monotherapy for bipolar type II major depressive episodes: effectiveness and mood conversion rate. British Journal of Psychiatry, 208, 359–65.Google Scholar
Angst, J. (2007). The bipolar spectrum. British Journal of Psychiatry, 190, 189–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowden, C. L., Calabrese, J. R., Sachs, G., et al. (2003). A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently manic or hypomanic patients with bipolar I disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 392400.Google Scholar
Calabrese, J. R., Bowden, C. L., Sachs, G. et al. (2003). A placebo-controlled 18-month trial of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance treatment in recently depressed patients with bipolar I disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 64, 1013–24.Google Scholar
Calabrese, J. R., Keck, P. E. Jr, McFadden, W. et al. (2005). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine in the treatment of bipolar I or II depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 1351–60.Google Scholar
Geddes, J. R., Calabrese, J. R. and Goodwin, G. M. (2009). Lamotrigine for treatment of bipolar depression: independent meta-analysis and meta-regression of individual patient data from five randomised trials. British Journal of Psychiatry, 194, 49.Google Scholar
Goodwin, G. M., Bowden, C. L., Calabrese, J. R. et al. (2004). A pooled analysis of 2 placebo-controlled 18-month trials of lamotrigine and lithium maintenance in bipolar I disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65, 432–41.Google Scholar
Mitchell, P. B. (2012). Bipolar disorder: the shift to overdiagnosis. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 57, 659–65.Google Scholar
Mitchell, P. B., Hadzi-Pavlovic, D., Evoniuk, G. et al. (2013). A factor analytic study in bipolar depression, and response to lamotrigine. CNS Spectrums, 18, 214–24.Google Scholar
Pacchiatotti, I., Bond, D. J., Baldessarini, R. J. et al. (2013). The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) task force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders. 170, 1249–62.Google Scholar
Suppes, T., Marangell, L. B., Bernstein, I. H. et al. (2008). A single blind comparison of lithium and lamotrigine for the treatment of bipolar II depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 111, 334–43.Google Scholar

References

Diazgranados, N., Ibrahim, L., Brutsche, N.E., et al. (2010). A randomized add-on trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 793802.Google Scholar
Dierckx, B., Heijnen, W.T., van den Broek, W.W., et al. (2012). Efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy in bipolar versus unipolar major depression: a meta‐analysis. Bipolar Disorders, 14, 146–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pacchiarotti, I., Bond, D.J., Baldessarini, R.J., et al. (2013). The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) task force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 1249–62.Google Scholar
Parker, G. (2016). The clinical diagnosis of bipolar depression. In Bipolar Depression: Molecular Neurobiology, Clinical Diagnosis, and Pharmacotherapy. pp. 1731. Eds. Zarate, C.A., Manji, H.K.. Springer International Publishing: Switzerland.Google Scholar
Post, R.M. 2016. Treatment of bipolar depression: evolving recommendations. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 39, 1133.Google Scholar

References

Altshuler, L., Kiriakos, L., Calcagno, J. et al. (2001). The impact of antidepressant discontinuation versus antidepressant continuation on 1-year risk for relapse of bipolar depression: a retrospective chart review. Journal Clinical Psychiatry, 62, 612–16.Google Scholar
Altshuler, L., Kiriakos, L., Calcagno, J. et al. (2003). Impact of antidepressant discontinuation after acute bipolar depression remission on rates of depressive relapse at 1-year follow-up. American Journal Psychiatry, 160, 1252–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauer, M., Berman, S., Stamm, T. et al. (2016). Levothyroxine effects on depressive symptoms and limbic glucose metabolism in bipolar disorder: a randomized, placebo-controlled positron emission tomography study. Molecular Psychiatry, 21, 229–36.Google Scholar
Chaudhry, H. R., Khan, R. M., Shabbir, A. et al. (2010). Nimodipine in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 67, 232S.Google Scholar
Davis, L. L., Bartolucci, A. and Petty, F. et al. (2005). Divalproex in the treatment of bipolar depression: a placebo-controlled study. Journal of Affective Disorders 85, 259–66.Google Scholar
Frye, M. A., Ketter, T. A., Kimbrell, T. A. et al. (2000). A placebo-controlled study of lamotrigine and gabapentin monotherapy in refractory mood disorders. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 20, 607–14.Google Scholar
Geddes, J. R., Gardiner, A., Rendell, J. et al. (2016). Comparative evaluation of quetiapine plus lamotrigine combination versus quetiapine monotherapy (and folic acid versus placebo) in bipolar depression (CEQUEL): a 2 x 2 factorial randomised trial. The Lancet Psychiatry, 3, 31–9.Google Scholar
Ghaemi, S. N., Ostacher, M. M., El-Mallakh, R.S. et al. (2010). Antidepressant discontinuation in bipolar depression: a Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD) randomized clinical trial of long-term effectiveness and safety. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 372–80.Google Scholar
Joffe, R. T., MacQueen, G. M., Marriott, M. et al. (2005). One-year outcome with antidepressant-treatment of bipolar depression. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 112, 105–9.Google Scholar
Muzina, D. J., Gao, K., Kemp, D. E. et al. (2011). Acute efficacy of divalproex sodium versus placebo in mood stabilizer-naive bipolar I or II depression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 72, 813–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Obrocea, G. V., Dunn, R. M., Frye, M. A. et al. (2002). Clinical predictors of response to lamotrigine and gabapentin monotherapy in refractory affective disorders. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 253–60.Google Scholar
Post, R. M. (2016a). Epigenetic basis of sensitization to stress, affective episodes, and stimulants: implications for illness progression and prevention. Bipolar Disorders, 18, 315–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Post, R. M. (2016b). Treatment of bipolar depression: evolving recommendations. Psychiatric Clinics, 39, 1133.Google Scholar
Post, R. M. (2017a). New perspectives on the course and treatment of bipolar disorder. Minerva Psichiatrica, 58, 4053.Google Scholar
Post, R. M. (2017b). The New News About Lithium: An Underutilized Treatment in The United States, Neuropsychopharmacology, Accepted article preview 4 October 2017; doi: 10.1038/npp.2017.238.Google ScholarPubMed
Post, R. M. (2018). Preventing the malignant transformation of bipolar disorder, JAMA, Published online March 5, 2018. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0322.Google Scholar
Post, R. M., Altshuler, L. L., Leverich, G. S. et al. (2006). Mood switch in bipolar depression: comparison of adjunctive venlafaxine, bupropion and sertraline. British Journal of Psychiatry, 189, 124–31.Google Scholar
Post, R. M. and Leverich, G. L. (2008). Treatment of bipolar illness: a casebook for clinicians and patients. WW Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Sachs, G. S., Thase, M. E., Otto, M. W. et al. (2003). Rationale, design, and methods of the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Biological Psychiatry, 53, 1028–42.Google Scholar
Terao, T., Ishida, A., Kimura, T. et al. (2017). Preventive effects of lamotrigine in bipolar II versus bipolar I disorder. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 78, e1000–5.Google Scholar
Van der Loos, M. L., Mulder, P. G., Hartong, E. G. et al. (2009). Efficacy and safety of lamotrigine as add-on treatment to lithium in bipolar depression: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 70, 223–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Winsberg, M. E., DeGolia, S. G., Strong, C. M. et al. (2001). Divalproex therapy in medication-naive and mood-stabilizer-naive bipolar II depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 67, 207–12Google Scholar

References

Altshuler, L. L., Sugar, C. A., Mcelroy, S. L., et al. (2017). Switch rates during acute treatment for bipolar II depression with lithium, sertraline, or the two combined: a randomized double-blind comparison. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174, 266–76.Google Scholar
Stahl, S. M., Morrissette, D. A., Faedda, G., et al. (2017). Guidelines for the recognition and management of mixed depression. CNS Spectrums, 22, 203–19.Google Scholar

References

Holma, K., Mikael, J., Suominen, K et al. (2014). Differences in incidence of suicide attempts between bipolar I and II disorders and major depressive disorder. Bipolar Disorders, 16, 652–61Google Scholar
Pacchiarotti, I., Bond, D. J., Baldessarini, R. J., et al. (2013). The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Task Force Report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 1249–62.Google Scholar
Schaffer, A., McIntosh, D., Goldstein, B. I. et al. (2012). The CANMAT task force recommendations for the management of patients with mood disorders and comorbid anxiety disorders. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 24, 622.Google Scholar
Shin, K., Schaffer, A., Levitt, A. J., et al. (2005). Seasonality in a community sample of bipolar, unipolar and control subjects. Journal of Affective Disorders, 86, 1925.Google Scholar

References

Miklowitz, D.J., Otto, M.W., Frank, E. et al. (2007). Psychosocial treatments for bipolar depression: a 1-year randomized trial from the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 419–26.Google Scholar
Stahl, S.M., Morrissette, D.A., Faedda, G. et al. (2017). Guidelines for the recognition and management of mixed depression. CNS Spectrums, 22, 203–19.Google Scholar
Swartz, H.A., Rucci, P., Thase, M.E. et al. (2017). Psychotherapy alone and combined with medication as treatments for bipolar II depression: a randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, doi:10.4088/JCP.16m11027.Google Scholar
Thase, M.E., Jonas, A., Khan, A. et al. (2008). Aripiprazole monotherapy in nonpsychotic bipolar I depression: results of 2 randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 28, 1320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viktorin, A., Rydén, E., Thase, M.E. et al. (2017). The risk of treatment-emergent mania with methylphenidate in bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 174, 341–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

References

Grande, I., Berk, M., Birmaher, B. et al. (2016). Bipolar disorder. Lancet, 387, 1561–72.Google Scholar
Grunze, H., Vieta, E., Goodwin, G. M. et al. (2017). The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Biological Treatment of Bipolar Disorders: acute and long-term treatment of mixed states in bipolar disorder. World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 3, 157.Google Scholar
Pacchiarotti, I., Bond, D. J., Baldessarini, R. J. et al., (2013). The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) task force report on antidepressant use in bipolar disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 170, 1249–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Popovic, D., Reinares, M., Goikolea, J. M. et al. (2012). Polarity index of pharmacological agents used for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 22, 339–46.Google Scholar
Salagre, E., Grande, I., Solé, B. et al. (2017). Vortioxetine: a new alternative for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, doi: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2017.06.006.Google Scholar
Solé, E., Garriga, M., Valentí, M. et al. (2017). Mixed features in bipolar disorder. CNS Spectrum, 22, 134–40.Google Scholar

References

Amsterdam, J. D., Luo, L. L. and Shults, J. (2013). Efficacy and mood conversion rate during long-term fluoxetine v. lithium monotherapy in rapid- and non-rapid-cycling bipolar II disorder. British Journal of Psychiatry, 202, 301–6.Google Scholar
Amsterdam, J. D., Lorenzo-Luaces, L., Soeller, I., et al. (2015). Safety and effectiveness of continuation antidepressant versus mood stabilizer monotherapy for relapse-prevention of bipolar II depression: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, prospective study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 185, 31–7.Google Scholar
Bond, D. J., Noronha, M. M., Kauer-Sant'Anna, M. et al. (2008). Antidepressant-associated mood elevations in bipolar II disorder compared with bipolar I disorder and major depressive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 69, 1589–601.Google Scholar
Calabrese, J. R., Pikalov, A., Streicher, C. et al. (2017). Lurasidone in combination with lithium or valproate for the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, 865–87Google Scholar
Geddes, J. R., Calabrese, J. R. and Goodwin, G. M. (2009). Lamotrigine for treatment of bipolar depression: independent meta-analysis and meta-regression of individual patient data from five randomised trials. British Journal of Psychiatry, 194, 49.Google Scholar
Yatham, L. N., Kennedy, S. H., Parikh, S. V. et al. (2013). Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) collaborative update of CANMAT guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder: update 2013. Bipolar Disorders, 15, 144.Google Scholar
Young, A. H., Calabrese, J. R., Gustafsson, U. et al. (2013). Quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar II depression: combined data from four large, randomized studies. International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, 1, 10.Google Scholar

References

Azorin, J. M., Sapin, C. and Weiller, E. (2013). Effect of asenapine on manic and depressive symptoms in bipolar I patients with mixed episodes: results from post hoc analyses. Journal of Affective Disorders, 145, 62–9.Google Scholar
Cuomo, A., Nikolova, V. L., Yalin, N. et al. (2017). Pharmacological treatment of mixed states. CNS Spectrums, 22, 186–95.Google Scholar
Franks, M. A., Macritchie, K. A. N., Mahmood, T. et al. (2008). Bouncing back: is the bipolar rebound phenomenon peculiar to lithium? A retrospective naturalistic study. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 22, 452–6.Google Scholar
Merikangas, K. R. and Lamers, F. (2012). The ‘true’ prevalence of bipolar II disorder. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 25, 1923.Google Scholar
McElroy, S. L., Weisler, R. H., Chang, W. et al. (2010). A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine and paroxetine as monotherapy in adults with bipolar depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 163.Google Scholar
Young, A. H., Calabrese, J. R., Gustafsson, U. et al. (2013). Quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar II depression: combined data from four large, randomized studies. International Journal of Bipolar Disorders, 1, 10.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats No formats are currently available for this content.
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats No formats are currently available for this content.
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats No formats are currently available for this content.
×