The intersection of biology and religion has spawned an exciting academic area, attracting scholars, generating research projects, and gaining notice in general culture. Topics dealing with the relation of biology and religion are inherently interdisciplinary, making philosophy – which is also inherently interdisciplinary – essential for clarifying the issues, identifying key assumptions, and evaluating alternative positions. Therefore, in this book we develop a philosophical discussion of the major topics shaping this field of inquiry, acquainting the reader along the way with the major voices and viewpoints that have contributed to its advance.