Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T01:53:07.614Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

4 - ‘aske bettyr, I counseyle the’: Requests, Conditions, and Consent in Malory’s ‘Sir Gareth of Orkney’

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 May 2024

Megan G. Leitch
Affiliation:
Cardiff University
Kevin S. Whetter
Affiliation:
Acadia University, Nova Scotia
Get access

Summary

The opening of Sir Thomas Malory's tale of ‘Sir Gareth of Orkney’ immediately establishes an interest in requests and the conditions that are necessary for them to be granted. When Gareth, whose identity is unknown to the Arthurian court, arrives as they are about to hold their Pentecost feast, he tells Arthur he has come

to pray you and requyre you to gyff me thre gyftys. And they shall nat be unresonablé asked but that ye may worshypfully graunte hem me, and to you no grete hurte nother losse. And the fyrste done and gyffte I woll aske now, and the tothir too gyfftes I woll aske this day twelve-monthe.

By setting out his requests in such detail, Gareth draws attention to the complexities bound up in the act of asking. For the Arthurian court, requests should be ‘resonablé’ asked and able to be ‘worshypfully graunte[d]’, involving ‘no grete hurte nother losse’ to the granter. Gareth also uses two different terms for both the gift he requests and the manner in which he makes his request. While such doublings are often thought of as tautologies typical of – and deprecated within – late medieval prose romances, in this instance both doubled terms may indicate an awareness of the varied kinds of interaction a request can entail. ‘[D]one and gyffte’ may reflect the two very different types of gift Gareth asks for: firstly, a year's worth of food and drink, and subsequently the responsibility for a quest and the privilege of having Launcelot knight him – two kinds of gift that the court views very differently, as respectively unworthy or noble. ‘[P]ray’ and ‘requyre’ may further indicate different ways to make a request, as ‘pray’ suggests a more subservient ‘plea’, while ‘requyre’ can include its modern connotation of ‘demand’ or ‘require’ (though it can also be more neutral in Middle English). Requests, in ‘Sir Gareth’, come in varied forms; they are not as simple as Arthur suggests when responding to Gareth: ‘Now aske ye […] and ye shall have your askynge’ (224.12–13). Indeed, when Gareth does ask for his first gift of a year's food and drink, Arthur does not immediately grant his wish. Instead, he tells Gareth to ‘aske bettyr, I counseyle the, for this is but a symple askyng’ (224.17–18).

Type
Chapter
Information
Arthurian Literature
A Celebration of Elizabeth Archibald
, pp. 57 - 77
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×