In our attempt to understand what Smith meant by “conscience” we have, so far, examined his thoughts on sympathetic judgment, and have noted the self-referential nature of the criteria spectators use when they judge. But we need to move beyond this conventional understanding of Smith's idea of sympathy “as judgment” to consider the socializing function of sympathy in Smith's larger argument. Moral life is not only about judgment, but about action and the reasons for action. No account of ordinary morality in Smith's thought is adequate if it overlooks the disciplinary effects the spectator's surveillance and judgment have upon the agent, the extent to which the spectator motivates her to modify her conduct, to act in a “proper” way, in a way the spectator can indulge, in what Smith often referred to as a “moral” way.