In this paper, we prove Kato’s main conjecture for $CM$ modular forms for primes of potentially ordinary reduction under certain hypotheses on the modular form.

Let $p$ be a prime number. Kęstutis Česnavičius proved that for an abelian variety $A$ over a global field $K$, the $p$-Selmer group $\mathrm {Sel}_{p}(A/L)$ grows unboundedly when $L$ ranges over the $(\mathbb {Z}/p\mathbb {Z})$-extensions of $K$. Moreover, he raised a further problem: is $\dim _{\mathbb {F}_{p}} \text{III} (A/L) [p]$ also unbounded under the above conditions? In this paper, we give a positive answer to this problem in the case $p \neq \mathrm {char}\,K$. As an application, this result enables us to generalize the work of Clark, Sharif and Creutz on the growth of potential $\text{III}$ in cyclic extensions. We also answer a problem proposed by Lim and Murty concerning the growth of the fine Tate–Shafarevich groups.

In this paper, we consider the family of hyperelliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ having a fixed genus $n$ and a marked rational non-Weierstrass point. We show that when $n\geqslant 9$, a positive proportion of these curves have exactly two rational points, and that this proportion tends to one as $n$ tends to infinity. We study rational points on these curves by first obtaining results on the 2-Selmer groups of their Jacobians. In this direction, we prove that the average size of the 2-Selmer groups of the Jacobians of curves in our family is bounded above by 6, which implies a bound of $5/2$ on the average rank of these Jacobians. Our results are natural extensions of Poonen and Stoll [Most odd degree hyperelliptic curves have only one rational point, Ann. of Math. (2) 180 (2014), 1137–1166] and Bhargava and Gross [The average size of the 2-Selmer group of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves having a rational Weierstrass point, in Automorphic representations and$L$-functions, Tata Inst. Fundam. Res. Stud. Math., vol. 22 (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 2013), 23–91], where the analogous results are proved for the family of hyperelliptic curves with a marked rational Weierstrass point.

We prove a level raising mod $\ell =2$ theorem for elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$. It generalizes theorems of Ribet and Diamond–Taylor and also explains different sign phenomena compared to odd $\ell$. We use it to study the 2-Selmer groups of modular abelian varieties with common mod 2 Galois representation. As an application, we show that the 2-Selmer rank can be arbitrary in level raising families.

We show that arithmetic local constants attached by Mazur and Rubin to pairs of self-dual Galois representations which are congruent modulo a prime number $p>2$ are compatible with the usual local constants at all primes not dividing $p$ and in two special cases also at primes dividing $p$. We deduce new cases of the $p$-parity conjecture for Selmer groups of abelian varieties with real multiplication (Theorem 4.14) and elliptic curves (Theorem 5.10).

In this article we study the geometry of the eigenvarieties of unitary groups at points corresponding to tempered non-stable representations with an anti-ordinary (a.k.a evil) refinement. We prove that, except in the case where the Galois representation attached to the automorphic form is a sum of characters, the eigenvariety is non-smooth at such a point, and that (under some additional hypotheses) its tangent space is big enough to account for all the relevant Selmer group. We also study the local reducibility locus at those points, proving that in general, in contrast with the case of the eigencurve, it is a proper subscheme of the fiber of the eigenvariety over the weight space.

We study the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the family of quadratic twists of an elliptic curve $\def \xmlpi #1{}\def \mathsfbi #1{\boldsymbol {\mathsf {#1}}}\let \le =\leqslant \let \leq =\leqslant \let \ge =\geqslant \let \geq =\geqslant \def \Pr {\mathit {Pr}}\def \Fr {\mathit {Fr}}\def \Rey {\mathit {Re}}E$ over an arbitrary number field $K$. Under the assumption that ${\rm Gal}(K(E[2])/K) \ {\cong }\ S_3$, we show that the density (counted in a nonstandard way) of twists with Selmer rank $r$ exists for all positive integers $r$, and is given via an equilibrium distribution, depending only on a single parameter (the ‘disparity’), of a certain Markov process that is itself independent of $E$ and $K$. More generally, our results also apply to $p$-Selmer ranks of twists of two-dimensional self-dual ${\bf F}_p$-representations of the absolute Galois group of $K$ by characters of order $p$.

Let $A/K$ be an abelian variety over a function field of characteristic $p>0$ and let $\ell $ be a prime number ($\ell =p$ allowed). We prove the following: the parity of the corank $r_\ell $ of the $\ell $-discrete Selmer group of $A/K$ coincides with the parity of the order at $s=1$ of the Hasse–Weil $L$-function of $A/K$. We also prove the analogous parity result for pure $\ell $-adic sheaves endowed with a nice pairing and in particular for the congruence Zeta function of a projective smooth variety over a finite field. Finally, we prove that the full Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture is equivalent to the Artin–Tate conjecture.

In this article we refine the method of Bertolini and Darmon $\left[ \text{BD}1 \right],\,\left[ \text{BD2} \right]$ and prove several finiteness results for anticyclotomic Selmer groups of Hilbert modular forms of parallel weight two.

We prove the parity conjecture for the ranks of p-power Selmer groups (p⁄=2) of a large class of elliptic curves defined over totally real number fields.

This paper provides congruences between unstable and stable automorphic forms for the symplectic similitude group GSp(4). More precisely, we raise the level of certain CAP representations Π arising from classical modular forms. We first transfer Π to π on a suitable inner form G; this is achieved by θ-lifting. For π, we prove a precise level-raising result that is inspired by the work of Bellaiche and Clozel and which relies on computations of Schmidt. We thus obtain a congruent to π, with a local component that is irreducibly induced from an unramified twist of the Steinberg representation of the Klingen parabolic. To transfer back to GSp(4), we use Arthur’s stable trace formula. Since has a local component of the above type, all endoscopic error terms vanish. Indeed, by results due to Weissauer, we only need to show that such a component does not participate in the θ-correspondence with any GO(4); this is an exercise in using Kudla’s filtration of the Jacquet modules of the Weil representation. We therefore obtain a cuspidal automorphic representation of GSp(4), congruent to Π, which is neither CAP nor endoscopic. It is crucial for our application that we can arrange for to have vectors fixed by the non-special maximal compact subgroups at all primes dividing N. Since G is necessarily ramified at some prime r, we have to show a non-special analogue of the fundamental lemma at r. Finally, we give an application of our main result to the Bloch–Kato conjecture, assuming a conjecture of Skinner and Urban on the rank of the monodromy operators at the primes dividing N.

For certain algebraic Hecke characters χ of an imaginary quadratic field F we define an Eisenstein ideal in a p-adic Hecke algebra acting on cuspidal automorphic forms of GL2/F. By finding congruences between Eisenstein cohomology classes (in the sense of G. Harder) and cuspidal classes we prove a lower bound for the index of the Eisenstein ideal in the Hecke algebra in terms of the special L-value L(0,χ). We further prove that its index is bounded from above by the p-valuation of the order of the Selmer group of the p-adic Galois character associated to χ−1. This uses the work of R. Taylor et al. on attaching Galois representations to cuspforms of GL2/F. Together these results imply a lower bound for the size of the Selmer group in terms of L(0,χ), coinciding with the value given by the Bloch–Kato conjecture.

We improve Kolyvagin’s upper bound on the order of the p-primary part of the Shafarevich–Tate group of an elliptic curve of rank one over a quadratic imaginary field. In many cases, our bound is precisely that predicted by the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectural formula.

Let $f$ be a newform of weight $2k-2$ and level 1. In this paper we provide evidence for the Bloch–Kato conjecture for modular forms. We demonstrate an implication that under suitable hypotheses if $\varpi \mid L_{\rm alg}(k,f)$ then $p \mid \# H_{f}(\mathbb{Q},W_{f}(1-k))$ where $p$ is a suitably chosen prime and $\varpi$ a uniformizer of a finite extension $K/\mathbb{Q}_{p}$. We demonstrate this by establishing a congruence between the Saito–Kurokawa lift $F_{f}$ of $f$ and a cuspidal Siegel eigenform $G$ that is not a Saito–Kurokawa lift. We then examine what this congruence says in terms of Galois representations to produce a non-trivial $p$-torsion element in $H_{f}^1(\mathbb{Q},W_{f}(1-k))$.

Par une méthode entièrement nouvelle utilisant les déformations $p$-adiques de pentes positives de représentations automorphes pour $\mathrm{GSp}_{4/\mathbb{Q}}$, nous prouvons que le $p$-groupe de Selmer $H^1_f(\mathbb{Q},V_f(k))$ associé à une forme modulaire $f$ de poids $2k$ et ordinaire en $p$ est infini si l’ordre d’annulation à l’entier $k$ de la fonction $L$ de $f$ est impair.

By an entirely new method that makes use of $p$-adic deformations of automorphic representations of $\mathrm{GSp}_{4/\mathbb{Q}}$, we prove that the $p$-adic Selmer group $H^1_f(\mathbb{Q},V_f(k))$ associated to a modular form $f$ of weight $2k$ that is ordinary at $p$ is infinite if the order of vanishing at $k$ of the $L$-function of $f$ is odd.

In this paper, we construct a theory of geometric Euler systems, complementary to the arithmetic theory of Rubin, Kato and Perrin-Riou. We show that geometric Euler systems can be used to prove the finiteness of certain Galois representations of weight zero and we discuss a conjectural framework for the existence of geometric Euler systems for motivic Galois representations. We give applications to adjoint Selmer groups of certain classical and Drinfeld modular forms.