Treaties — Effect in municipal law — Priority of treaty provisions over conflicting provisions of municipal law — EEC Treaty, 1957, Article 12 — Ban on introduction of import duties or equivalent taxes — Primacy of EEC law over subsequently enacted conflicting municipal law

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Effect in municipal law — EEC Treaty, 1957 — Nature of legal order established by Treaty

Economics, trade and finance — Taxation — EEC Treaty, 1957, Article 12 — Rule banning new import duties or equivalent taxes — Legality of tax on imported milk products — The law of Belgium

Extradition — Political Criminals — Crimes Committed to Combat Communism.

Human rights — European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Admissibility of applicants’ claims — Article 1 — Jurisdiction — Article 3 — Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment — Implied duty of non-refoulement — Protocol No 4 to Convention, 1963 — Article 4 of Protocol No 4 — Prohibition of collective expulsion of aliens — Duty to consider cases individually — Article 13 — Right to an effective remedy before a national authority — Effective remedy in relation to Article 3 of Convention and Article 4 of Protocol No 4 requiring potential for suspension of impugned measure — Territorial application of Convention and Protocol No 4 — Application to State conduct on high seas — Whether respondent State violating Articles 3 and 13 of Convention and Article 4 of Protocol No 4

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Interpretation — European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 — Protocol No 4 to Convention, 1963 — Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, 1951 — Principle of non-refoulement — Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969 — United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, 1982 — Italian Navigational Code 1942

Human rights — Treaties — American Convention on Human Rights, 1969 — Right to life — Right to humane treatment — Right to personal liberty — Right to judicial protection — Whether Suriname violating Articles 4, 5, 7 and 25 of Convention

International tribunals — Inter-American Court of Human Rights — Function — Jurisdiction — Role of Inter-American Commission on Human Rights — American Convention on Human Rights, 1969

State responsibility — Imputability — Victim illegally detained by members of Military Police of Suriname — Whether unlawful act imputable to Suriname — Whether Suriname internationally responsible for violation of Convention right — Violation of human rights treaty

Damages — For human rights violation — Fair compensation — Amount of compensation — Entitlement to compensation — American Convention on Human Rights, 1969, Article 63(1)

Effects of Outbreak of War — On Enemy Subjects with Regard to their Property and other Rights — Statutes of Limitations.

International organization — Officials — Abolition of posts — Appointment of redundant officials to vacant posts — Non-renewal of fixed-term contracts — Discretionary powers

Belligerent Occupation — In General — Members of Army of Occupation — Criminal Offence by National of Occupying Power — Accused Person Not a Member of Army of Occupation — Whether United States Citizens in Occupied Germany Entitled to Trial by Jury — Whether Amenable to Jurisdiction of United States Courts of Allied High Commission.

War — Effects of — On enemy property — Confiscation of trade-mark — Legal effect of.

Prize Law — Compensation for Capture not Upheld by Prize Court — Probable Cause of Capture — Requisition pending Prize Proceedings — Compensation for — Undue Delays in Proceedings.

War — In general — Enforcement of laws of war — Punishment of war crimes and crimes against humanity — Defence of superior orders — Jurisdiction of municipal courts to consider legality of war in which State to which courts pertain is engaged — The law of the United States of America.

Treaties — Parties to — Treaties with Native Chiefs.

Treaties — Operation of — Necessity of Municipal Legislation — Treaties with Native Chiefs.

States — Establishment of — Conferment of Independence by Occupying Power — Purported Conferment of Independence on Burma by Japanese Occupation Authorities.

Sovereignty and Independence of States — Purported Grant of Independence by Occupant to Occupied Territory — Japanese Occupation of Burma.

War — Effects of Outbreak of — On Private Contracts — Effect of Declaration of War by Burma on Great Britain.

Belligerent Occupation — Functions of Occupant — Purported Conferment of Independence on Burma by Japanese Occupation Authorities

Belligerent Occupation — Nature and Effects of Occupation — Effect on Contract of Agency — The Law of Burma — International Capacity of Allegedly New States — Declaration of War by Burma upon Great Britain — Conferment of Independence by Japan upon Burma During the Japanese Occupation — Powers of Occupant

Nationality — As Affected by Changes of Sovereignty — Separation of Austria from Germany — Married Women — Change in Nationality of Husband during Marriage — Jurisdiction — Exterritorial Effect of Legislation — Effect of Nationality Legislation upon Persons Resident Abroad — International Law and Municipal Law — Primacy of International Law.

Air — Air transport — Regulation — Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, 1944 — Annex 13 — Importance — Binding effect

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Whether applicable in municipal law — Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, 1944 — Annex 13 — Whether Chicago Convention part of law of New Zealand — Whether Annex 13 to Convention part of law of New Zealand — Power of District Court Judge to issue search warrants under Section 198 of Summary Proceedings Act 1957 — Whether power limited by paragraph 5.12 of Annex 13 — Whether power limited by public interest immunity — Power of Transport Accident Investigation Commission (“TAIC”) to prepare and publish report under TAIC Act 1990 — Whether power limited by paragraph 5.12 of Annex 13 — Whether TAIC acting within its statutory powers

Treaties — Binding force — Annex 13 to the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation, 1944 — Whether binding in international law — The law of New Zealand

Governments — Colonies — Southern Rhodesia — Unilateral declaration of independence — Government of Southern Rhodesia following UDI — Southern Rhodesia Act 1965 — Southern Rhodesia Constitution Order 1965 — Authority to provide for government of Southern Rhodesia vested in United Kingdom Government — Whether lawful Government — Whether alleged breach of duty by Government of Southern Rhodesia a liability of the Crown arising otherwise than in respect of Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom — Protection of nationals — Whether duty to protect nationals legally enforceable — The law of England

War — Effects of Outbreak of — On Property Rights — Sequestration of Enemy Property — Restoration after Termination of War — The Law of Ecuador.

Extradition — Procedure of — Requirement that request be accompanied by warrant for arrest of fugitive — Passive extradition The law of Venezuela.

Privileges and Immunities of Diplomatic Envoys — Members of the Diplomatic Staff of a Foreign Envoy — Status of a “Consular Secretary” — Manner in which Status is to be Proved to the Court — Conclusiveness of Statements Made by or on behalf of the Executive.

Jurisdiction — In general — Over territory in general and persons and property situated therein — Interference with property of aliens — Right of Congress to freeze assets of nationals of hostile States — The law of the United States of America.

State responsibility — Nature and kinds of — For taking of, or interference with, property — Trading with the Enemy Act — Cuban Asset Control Regulations — Constitutional power of Government to freeze and sequester property of nationals of hostile States — The law of the United States of America.

Disputes — Unilateral means of redress short of war — Reprisals — Protection of property of nationals abroad — Power to freeze and confiscate alien property at home — The law of the United States of America.

Aliens — Position of property protected by Fifth Amendment to United States Constitution — Constitutional power of state to freeze and sequester assets of aliens — The law of the United States of America.

International Law — Relation to Municipal Law — Inter-Governmental Agreement to Compensate Owner of Requisitioned Property — Duty of Compensation Devolving on Government of Occupied Country — Whether Owner Entitled to Enforce Claim by Action in Municipal Courts.

Belligerent Occupation — Requisition of Property — “Pay As You Go” Agreement between United States of America and Austria — Failure of Austrian Government to Pay Rent for Requisitioned Premises in accordance with Agreement — Whether Owner Entitled to Institute Proceedings against Austrian Government.