In this work, we explore the dynamical implications of a spectral sequence analysis of a filtered chain complex associated to a non-singular Morse–Smale (NMS) flow $\varphi $ on a closed orientable $3$-manifold $M^3$ with no heteroclinic trajectories connecting saddle periodic orbits. We introduce the novel concepts of cancellations and reductions of pairs of periodic orbits based on Franks’ morsification and Smale’s cancellation theorems. The main goal is to establish an algebraic-dynamical correspondence between the unfolding of this spectral sequence associated to $\varphi $ and a family of flows obtained by cancelling and reducing pairs of periodic orbits of $\varphi $ on $M^3$. This correspondence is achieved through a spectral sequence sweeping algorithm (SSSA), which determines the order in which these cancellations and reductions of periodic orbits occur, producing a family of NMS flows that reaches a core flow when the spectral sequence converges.

We investigate tameness of Toeplitz shifts. By introducing the notion of extended Bratteli–Vershik diagrams, we show that such shifts with finite Toeplitz rank are tame if and only if there are at most countably many orbits of singular fibres over the maximal equicontinuous factor. The ideas are illustrated using the class of substitution shifts. A body of elaborate examples shows that the assumptions of our results cannot be relaxed.

We consider metrizable ergodic topological dynamical systems over locally compact, $\sigma $-compact abelian groups. We study pure point spectrum via suitable notions of almost periodicity for the points of the dynamical system. More specifically, we characterize pure point spectrum via mean almost periodicity of generic points. We then go on and show how Besicovitch almost periodic points determine both eigenfunctions and the measure in this case. After this, we characterize those systems arising from Weyl almost periodic points and use this to characterize weak and Bohr almost periodic systems. Finally, we consider applications to aperiodic order.

We find sufficient conditions for bounded density shifts to have a unique measure of maximal entropy. We also prove that every measure of maximal entropy of a bounded density shift is fully supported. As a consequence of this, we obtain that bounded density shifts are surjunctive.

We show that, generically, the unique invariant measure of a sufficiently regular piecewise smooth circle homeomorphism with irrational rotation number and zero mean nonlinearity (e.g. piecewise linear) has zero Hausdorff dimension. To encode this generic condition, we consider piecewise smooth homeomorphisms as generalized interval exchange transformations (GIETs) of the interval and rely on the notion of combinatorial rotation number for GIETs, which can be seen as an extension of the classical notion of rotation number for circle homeomorphisms to the GIET setting.

We construct two new classes of topological dynamical systems; one is a factor of a one-sided shift of finite type while the second is a factor of the two-sided shift. The data are a finite graph which presents the shift of finite type, a second finite directed graph and a pair of embeddings of it into the first, satisfying certain conditions. The factor is then obtained from a simple idea based on binary expansion of real numbers. In both cases, we construct natural metrics on the factors and, in the second case, this makes the system a Smale space, in the sense of Ruelle. We compute various algebraic invariants for these systems, including the homology for Smale space developed by the author and the K-theory of various $C^{*}$-algebras associated to them, in terms of the pair of original graphs.

Let G be a countably infinite discrete amenable group. It should be noted that a G-system $(X,G)$ naturally induces a G-system $(\mathcal {M}(X),G)$, where $\mathcal {M}(X)$ denotes the space of Borel probability measures on the compact metric space X endowed with the weak*-topology. A factor map $\pi : (X,G)\to (Y,G)$ between two G-systems induces a factor map $\widetilde {\pi }:(\mathcal {M}(X),G)\to (\mathcal {M}(Y),G)$. It turns out that $\widetilde {\pi }$ is open if and only if $\pi $ is open. When Y is fully supported, it is shown that $\pi $ has relative uniformly positive entropy if and only if $\widetilde {\pi }$ has relative uniformly positive entropy.

Katok [Lyapunov exponents, entropy and periodic points of diffeomorphisms. Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Études Sci. 51 (1980), 137–173] conjectured that every $C^{2}$ diffeomorphism f on a Riemannian manifold has the intermediate entropy property, that is, for any constant $c \in [0, h_{\mathrm {top}}(f))$, there exists an ergodic measure $\mu $ of f satisfying $h_{\mu }(f)=c$. In this paper, we obtain a conditional intermediate metric entropy property and two conditional intermediate Birkhoff average properties for basic sets of flows that characterize the refined roles of ergodic measures in the invariant ones. In this process, we establish a ‘multi-horseshoe’ entropy-dense property and use it to get the goal combined with conditional variational principles. We also obtain the same result for singular hyperbolic attractors.

In this paper, we consider the convergence rate with respect to Wasserstein distance in the invariance principle for deterministic non-uniformly hyperbolic systems. Our results apply to uniformly hyperbolic systems and large classes of non-uniformly hyperbolic systems including intermittent maps, Viana maps, unimodal maps and others. Furthermore, as a non-trivial application to the homogenization problem, we investigate the Wasserstein convergence rate of a fast–slow discrete deterministic system to a stochastic differential equation.

The construction of a spectral cocycle from the case of one-dimensional substitution flows [A. I. Bufetov and B. Solomyak. A spectral cocycle for substitution systems and translation flows. J. Anal. Math. 141(1) (2020), 165–205] is extended to the setting of pseudo-self-similar tilings in ${\mathbb R}^d$, allowing expanding similarities with rotations. The pointwise upper Lyapunov exponent of this cocycle is used to bound the local dimension of spectral measures of deformed tilings. The deformations are considered, following the work of Treviño [Quantitative weak mixing for random substitution tilings. Israel J. Math., to appear], in the simpler, non-random setting. We review some of the results of Treviño in this special case and illustrate them on concrete examples.

We study bracket words, which are a far-reaching generalization of Sturmian words, along Hardy field sequences, which are a far-reaching generalization of Piatetski-Shapiro sequences $\lfloor n^c \rfloor $. We show that sequences thus obtained are deterministic (that is, they have subexponential subword complexity) and satisfy Sarnak’s conjecture.

For every $r\in \mathbb {N}_{\geq 2}\cup \{\infty \}$, we prove a $C^r$-orbit connecting lemma for dynamically coherent and plaque expansive partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms with one-dimensional orientation preserving center bundle. To be precise, for such a diffeomorphism f, if a point y is chain attainable from x through pseudo-orbits, then for any neighborhood U of x and any neighborhood V of y, there exist true orbits from U to V by arbitrarily $C^r$-small perturbations. As a consequence, we prove that for $C^r$-generic diffeomorphisms in this class, periodic points are dense in the chain recurrent set, and chain transitivity implies transitivity.

We apply the Evans–Kishimoto intertwining argument to the classification of actions of discrete amenable groups into the normalizer of a full group of an ergodic transformation. Our proof does not depend on the types of ergodic transformations.

We establish (some directions of) a Ledrappier correspondence between Hölder cocycles, Patterson–Sullivan measures, etc for word-hyperbolic groups with metric-Anosov Mineyev flow. We then study Patterson–Sullivan measures for $\vartheta $-Anosov representations over a local field and show that these are parameterized by the $\vartheta $-critical hypersurface of the representation. We use these Patterson–Sullivan measures to establish a dichotomy concerning directions in the interior of the $\vartheta $-limit cone of the representation in question: if ${\mathsf {u}}$ is such a half-line, then the subset of ${\mathsf {u}}$-conical limit points has either total mass if $|\vartheta |\leq 2$ or zero mass if $|\vartheta |\geq 4.$ The case $|\vartheta |=3$ remains unsettled.

Let $f: M\rightarrow M$ be a $C^{1+\alpha }$ diffeomorphism on an $m_0$-dimensional compact smooth Riemannian manifold M and $\mu $ a hyperbolic ergodic f-invariant probability measure. This paper obtains an upper bound for the stable (unstable) pointwise dimension of $\mu $, which is given by the unique solution of an equation involving the sub-additive measure-theoretic pressure. If $\mu $ is a Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen (SRB) measure, then the Kaplan–Yorke conjecture is true under some additional conditions and the Lyapunov dimension of $\mu $ can be approximated gradually by the Hausdorff dimension of a sequence of hyperbolic sets $\{\Lambda _n\}_{n\geq 1}$. The limit behaviour of the Carathéodory singular dimension of $\Lambda _n$ on the unstable manifold with respect to the super-additive singular valued potential is also studied.

Reflection in a strictly convex bounded planar billiard acts on the space of oriented lines and preserves a standard area form. A caustic is a curve C whose tangent lines are reflected by the billiard to lines tangent to C. The famous Birkhoff conjecture states that the only strictly convex billiards with a foliation by closed caustics near the boundary are ellipses. By Lazutkin’s theorem, there always exists a Cantor family of closed caustics approaching the boundary. In the present paper, we deal with an open billiard, whose boundary is a strictly convex embedded (non-closed) curve $\gamma $. We prove that there exists a domain U adjacent to $\gamma $ from the convex side and a $C^\infty $-smooth foliation of $U\cup \gamma $ whose leaves are $\gamma $ and (non-closed) caustics of the billiard. This generalizes a previous result by Melrose on the existence of a germ of foliation as above. We show that there exists a continuum of above foliations by caustics whose germs at each point in $\gamma $ are pairwise different. We prove a more general version of this statement for $\gamma $ being an (immersed) arc. It also applies to a billiard bounded by a closed strictly convex curve $\gamma $ and yields infinitely many ‘immersed’ foliations by immersed caustics. For the proof of the above results, we state and prove their analogue for a special class of area-preserving maps generalizing billiard reflections: the so-called $C^{\infty }$-lifted strongly billiard-like maps. We also prove a series of results on conjugacy of billiard maps near the boundary for open curves of the above type.

We show that robustly transitive endomorphisms of a closed manifold must have a non-trivial dominated splitting or be a local diffeomorphism. This allows to get some topological obstructions for the existence of robustly transitive endomorphisms. To obtain the result, we must understand the structure of the kernel of the differential and the recurrence to the critical set of the endomorphism after perturbation.

We prove a multidimensional conformal version of the scale recurrence lemma of Moreira and Yoccoz [Stable intersections of regular Cantor sets with large Hausdorff dimensions. Ann. of Math. (2) 154(1) (2001), 45–96] for Cantor sets in the complex plane. We then use this new recurrence lemma, together with Moreira’s ideas in [Geometric properties of images of Cartesian products of regular Cantor sets by differentiable real maps. Math. Z. 303 (2023), 3], to prove that under the right hypothesis for the Cantor sets $K_1,\ldots ,K_n$ and the function $h:\mathbb {C}^{n}\to \mathbb {R}^{l}$, the following formula holds:

$$ \begin{align*}HD(h(K_1\times K_2 \times \cdots\times K_n))=\min \{l,HD(K_1)+\cdots+HD(K_n)\}.\end{align*} $$

We prove that a generic probability measure-preserving (p.m.p.) action of a countable amenable group G has scaling entropy that cannot be dominated by a given rate of growth. As a corollary, we obtain that there does not exist a topological action of G for which the set of ergodic invariant measures coincides with the set of all ergodic p.m.p. G-systems of entropy zero. We also prove that a generic action of a residually finite amenable group has scaling entropy that cannot be bounded from below by a given sequence. In addition, we show an example of an amenable group that has such a lower bound for every free p.m.p. action.

Let $K\subset {\mathbb {R}}^d$ be a self-similar set generated by an iterated function system $\{\varphi _i\}_{i=1}^m$ satisfying the strong separation condition and let f be a contracting similitude with $f(K)\subseteq K$. We show that $f(K)$ is relatively open in K if all $\varphi _i$ share a common contraction ratio and orthogonal part. We also provide a counterexample when the orthogonal parts are allowed to vary. This partially answers a question of Elekes, Keleti and Máthé [Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 30 (2010), 399–440]. As a byproduct of our argument, when $d=1$ and K admits two homogeneous generating iterated function systems satisfying the strong separation condition but with contraction ratios of opposite signs, we show that K is symmetric. This partially answers a question of Feng and Wang [Adv. Math. 222 (2009), 1964–1981].