The percentages of left-handed people among the males and females of Andhra Pradesh tribals in India were found to be 15.49 and 7.79, and in Hindus 6.9 and 4.65. The difference between the sexes among tribals is significant. The tribal people studied were Koya Doras, Sugalis {or Lambadis), and Konda Reddis. It is suggested that similar quantitative studies of left-handedness should be made in other tribal and aboriginal populations before they are culturally conditioned to right-handedness.

The Gm(1), Gm(2), Gm(4), Gm(12), and Inv(1) factors were studied in the sera of 56 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and 26 from various rheumatic diseases, by the hemagglutination inhibition test, using optimally reacting mixtures of Ragg and Nagg sera. The distribution of these factors was found to agree with that of healthy Greeks. No correlation was found between hypergammaglobulinemia and the discovery of the Gm(1) and Inv(1) factors. The presence of the rheumatoid factor was independent of the Gm and Inv phenotypes.

The study of middle phalangeal hair on a sample of some 5000 nonrelated subjects of both sexes and different age groups, representing 11 South Indian populations, has shown very limited sex and age variability. The frequencies fall within the general range of Indian population groups. Most of the groups tested show genetic homogeneity.

Red cell acid phosphatase polymorphism was studied by starch gel electrophoresis in 70 b-thalassemia patients and in 310 healthy Greeks. Our results gave the following gene frequencies: b-thalassemia patients: pa 0.321, pb 0.643, pc 0.036; healthy Greeks: pa 0.302, pb 0.653, pc 0.045. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups.

ABO blood groups, secretor factor, Rh-factor, and PTC taste ability have been examined in 360 individuals of Bahawalpuri population of Patiala. B and O blood groups are more frequent (44.46 % & 31.36% respectively). Frequency of secretors (84.72%) outweighs that of nonsecretors (15.28%). All the individuals have been found to belong to Rh + ve type. High incidence of non tasters (55.55%) has been seen. Genes r, Se, D, and t are found to be most frequent in the population.

The palmar a-b ridge count has been examined in the Gujar Pasis and Kureel Chamars and compared to other Indian populations.

Mid-phalangeal hair, hand clasping and handedness have been examined in 425 adult subjects from two endogamous groups of Patiala, Hindu Khatris (230) and Baniyas (195). In a majority of subjects (53.73 % in males and 46.35% in females) mid-phalangeal hair appears to be completely absent. The highest frequency of this trait is found in the combination III-IV and, when considering individual digits, on IV (around 50%). As for hand clasping, R-type appears to be more frequent in Khatris and L-type in Baniyas. Right handedness appears to be by large more frequent in both groups and sexes.

The PTC taste threshold distribution has been examined among the Rastogis and compared to those of other Indian caste groups of Uttar Pradesh.

The incidence of twinning in India, as estimated on the basis of data from the various types of maternity centers, so as to include both urban and rural population, appears to be 15.97 per thousand (12.6 DZ, 3.3 MZ). The incidence is significantly higher in rural than urban populations (18.1 vs. 11.8 per thousand). It is suggested that this may be accompanied with a higher production of DZ, possibly opposite-sexed twins.

The ability to smell HCN has been examined in a sample of 2619 subjects from Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, belonging to different Indian ethnic groups. One single antimode, between concentrations of 5% and 10%, has been found. No sex nor ethnic differences were noted. Previous claims of possible sex-linked inheritance could not be confirmed.

This paper discusses briefly some problems involved in zygosity determination in triplets, such as the calculations of the probability of the three zygosity types, as well as the use of serological and other anthropological characters.