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Chapter 19 - Management of Cerebral Salt-Wasting Syndrome and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis in the Neurocritical Care Unit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2019

By
Wendy Wright
Edited by
Michel T. Torbey
Michel T. Torbey
Affiliation:
Ohio State University
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Summary

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients. A wide range of causes are implicated, some of which may have particular treatment strategies [1]. Hyponatremia in neurocritical care patients may be from a variety of causes, such as cerebral salt-wasting syndrome (CSWS), the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD, also known as the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone, or SIADH), or it may be multifactorial. Neurocritical care patients have a variety of risk factors for hyponatremia, and are more likely to develop symptoms if underlying central nervous system pathology is present. Therefore, in the neurocritical care population hyponatremia should be prevented when possible and promptly treated once identified [2]. Due to the need to maintain cerebral perfusion pressure, when treating hyponatremia the goals should be to maintain normal intravascular volume and normal salt concentration [3].

Type
Chapter
Information
Neurocritical Care , pp. 238 - 246
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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