The Mediterranean region registers an increasing prevalence of obesity. The region lacks a diet screener to assess obesogenic nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of the Modified Mediterranean Prime Screen (MMPS) in estimating obesogenic nutrients’ intake among women of reproductive age, as compared to a culturally validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), in Lebanon. We developed the MMPS consisting of 32 food/beverage items specific to the Lebanese Mediterranean culture. The MMPS and FFQ were administered in two visits (2 weeks-6 months apart), face to face, and via telephone during the COVID pandemic. Reproducibility and validity of the MMPS were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Pearson’s correlations, respectively. The study included 143 women, age: 31.5 ± 4.6 years, body mass index 24.2 ± 4.0 Kg/ m2, 87% with university education, 91% food secure. The reproducibility of the MMPS was moderate for energy and all assessed nutrients except for saturated fatty acid (ICC=0.428). The agreement of the MMPS with the reference FFQ was adequate for energy and obesogenic nutrients. Yet, the Pearson correlations for energy-adjusted nutrient intake were low for trans-fatty acids (0.294) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (0.377). The MMPS can be a time efficient tool for dietary assessment of energy and many obesogenic nutrients. Future studies should validate the MMPS across the lifespan and revaluate it after updating the fatty acids profiles in the culturally specific food composition tables.