International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Treaty establishing, Article 56 — Amendment of — Requirements of Article 95 (3) — Scope of Article 95 — Whether extending to amendments of substantive nature or limited to amendments of procedural rules governing exercise of powers by High Authority — Whether proposed amendment affected relationship of powers of High Authority to other Community institutions — Whether amendment restricted sovereign powers of Member States — Relevance of increase in levies resulting from amendment — Effect on Article 50 (2) of Treaty.

Court of Justice of European Coal and Steel Community — Procedure — Barristers and advocates — Capacity to appear before Court after being prohibited from practising in national State — Effect of prohibition on validity of prior acts by barrister connected with action before the Court.

Procedure — Request for injunction — Time for making request — Effect of principal action being out of time — Rules of Court, Article 83.

Capacity of parties — Capacity of unincorporated firm to proceed against application to it of trade regulations alleged to be in breach of Treaty establishing Community — Necessity for plaintiff to have status of “producer ” — Effect of Article 80 equating distributing organization with producers for purposes of certain appeals to Court — Whether Article 80 aplicable to actions based upon indirect effects of Articles 65 and 66.

Capacity of parties — Company in liquidation — Law governing legal status and capacity of company — Law applied by Court in determining locus standi of representative of company before it.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Grounds for grant by Court of suspension of application of decisions — Treaty establishing Community, Article 33 — Distinction between individual and general decisions — Decisions authorizing trade regulations — Retention of private law character of such trade regulations — Decisions indirectly affecting legal validity of actions by individual enterprises — Whether decisions general or individual — Whether decision which is individual with regard to enterprise to which addressed may also be general with regard to third parties — Decision amounting to discrimination against third parties — Violation of Treaty, Articles 15 and 65 (2) — Relevance of alleged violation of Federal German Constitution — Détournement de pouvoir — Violation of substantial procedural requirement — Purpose of obligation of High Authority under Article 15 to give reasons for decisions — Whether Court of Community may consider ex propria motu possible failure to give reasons — Whether insufficient reasons equivalent to absence of reasons for purposes of Articles 15.

Treaties — Conclusion and operation of — Entry into force — Whether one paragraph of an article can enter into force before another paragraph — Effect of both paragraphs as integral parts of article — Treaty establishing European Coal and Steel Community, Article 65 — Date of entry into force of Article 65 (1) prohibiting restrictive agreements — Whether Article 65 (1) intended to enter into force before Article 65 (2).

Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Meaning and principal object of treaty — Convention on Transitional Provisions annexed to Treaty establishing European Coal and Steel Community.

Court of Justice of European Coal and Steel Community — Competence to pronounce upon questions of municipal law.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Treaty establishing Community, 1951, Article 65 — Convention containing Transitional Provisions — Date of entry into force of Article 65 (1) prohibiting restrictive agreements — Whether any derogation from this date for particular provision in Article 65 — Relevance of motive of evasion in making trade regulations — Whether Article 65 (1) intended to enter into force before Article 65 (2) — Meaning and purpose of Convention containing Transitional Provisions — Powers exercised by Governments of member States during transitional period — Whether identical with powers of High Authority after establishment of Common Market — Détournement de pouvoir — Violation of Treaty — Alleged duty of High Authority to apply municipal law in determining validity of trade regulations made before entry into force of Treaty — Law applied by High Authority — Article 8 of Treaty — Whether competent to apply municipal law of member States — Whether High Authority concerned with validity of trade regulations under municipal law when exercising its functions under Article 65 (2).

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Award — Costs — Apportionment of — Appeal inadmissible but plaintiffs virtually forced to bring it by conduct of defendant.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining term in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Time-limits — Failure of organ of Coal and Steel Community to prove date of notification of decision to plaintiff — Whether plaintiff entitled to “the benefit of the doubt” as to date of notification.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining term in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments — Competence of Court of Community to review legality of contents of letter as part of interpretation and application of earlier decision of High Authority — Levy on imported scrap — Exemption of scrap constituting enterprise's “own resources” — Refusal to grant exemption implied by silence on part of subordinate departments — Whether silence can constitute a decision — Détournement de pouvoir — Meaning of “own resources” — Relevance of existence of separate legal entities even though operating as one unit — Relevance of aims of subsidy system in determining claim for exemption — Legality of exemption of “own resources” — Whether discriminatory — Resultant increase in steel produced as criterion of legality of exemption — Distinction between exemption of scrap coming from group of enterprises and exemption of “own resources” scrap — Discriminatory tendency in former exemption.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Award — Costs — Apportionment of — Appeal inadmissible but plaintiffs virtually forced to bring it by conduct of defendant.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining term in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Award — Costs — Apportionment of — Appeal inadmissible but plaintiffs virtually forced to bring it by conduct of defendant.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining terms in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Time — limits-Letter in course of post — Whether letter posted in Luxembourg on August 1 could be assumed to have been delivered in Brussels before September 17.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining term in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments — Competence of Court of Community to review legality of contents of letter as part of interpretation and application of earlier decision of High Authority — Levy on imported scrap — Exemption of scrap constituting enterprise's “own resources” — Refusal to grant exemption implied from silence on part of subordinate departments — Whether silence can constitute a decision — Détournement de pouvoir — Meaning of “own resources” — Relevance of existence of separate legal entities even though operating as one unit — Relevance of aims of subsidy system in determining claim for exemption — Legality of exemption of “own resources” — Whether discriminatory — Resultant increase in steel produced as criterion of legality of exemption — Distinction between exemption of scrap coming from group of enterprises and exemption of “own resources” scrap — Discriminatory tendency in former exemption.

Court of Justice of the European Communities — Procedure — Appeals — Time — limits for — Whether date of bringing appeal is date of posting or date of filing appeal in Registry — Treaty establishing European Coal and Steel Community, Article 33 (3) — Rules of Court, Article 81.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Distinction between general and individual decisions — Decision amending previous decisions declared illegal by Court of Justice of Community — Whether characterization of amending decision as general or individual depends upon nature of decisions amended — Détournement de pouvoir — Whether decision aimed at injuring certain enterprises — Whether validity of decision affected by possible illegality in method of applying it — Legality of power of High Authority to evaluate amount of scrap purchased by enterprise — Relevance of need for such power to maintain effectiveness of compensation system.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter defining term in earlier decision can constitute a decision — Distinction between decision and internal directive from administrative superior to subordinate departments.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Responsibility of — For injuries arising from “faute de service” — Injuries caused by High Authority to enterprises within Community — Fraudulent certificates of origin of scrap issued by official of Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affairs — Delegation by High Authority of power to issue certificates — Consequent excess payments from subsidy fund to enterprises on basis of fraudulent certificates — Whether plaintiffs as contributors to fund suffered direct injury — Distinction between political and legal responsibility — Whether issue or aceptance of certificates was “faute de service” by High Authority — Treaty establishing Community, Article 40 — Evidence to prove admission of liability by High Authority — Effect of replies given by officials of Authority in Common Assembly.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Breach of Treaty provisions by enterprise — Provisions concerning publication of prices and non-discrimination regarding prices — Power of High Authority to impose fines for such breaches — Appropriate amount of fine — Relevant factors in arriving at amount — Treaty establishing the Community, Articles 36, 60 and 64.

International organization — European Coal and Steel Community — Decisions of High Authority — Whether letter can constitute a decision — Criteria — Scope of Treaty establishing Community — Type of enterprise and substance covered — Definition of “steel” — Meaning of “production” in field of coal or steel — Whether pig-iron used in manufacture of product outside Treaty is covered by Treaty — Levy on scrap imposed by High Authority — Whether discriminatory — Meaning of discrimination — Violation of Treaty, Article 5 — Whether imposition of levy disruptive of conditions of competition — Evidence required to prove charge of disruption — Whether levy a special charge prohibited by Treaty.

International organization — Officials — Probationary period — Termination of — Procedure of Board of Review — Relevance of legal errors by Review Board — Whether legal error committed — Staff Rules of United Nations.

International organization — Officials — Dismissal of — Probationary appointments — Review Boards — Complaint against finding of — Competence of United Nations Administrative Tribunal — United Nations Staff Rules.

International organization — Officials — Home leave — Place of home leave — Determination of place with which official has closest residential ties — Selection of relevant period of time for making determination — Staff Rules of United Nations.

International organization — Officials — Disciplinary proceedings against — Requirement of due process — Requirements of equity and justice — Whether affected by publicity given by Organization to complaint — Whether requirement entitles official to representation by counsel — Whether requirement entitles official to access to all documents — Relevancy of documents — Powers of United Nations Administrative Tribunal.

International organization — Officials — Appeals by — Time-limits for — Mandatory character of — Statute of Administrative Tribunal of International Labour Organization.

International organization — Officials — Leave entitlement — Authorization to take leave — Refusal of — Extent of discretionary powers in respect of — I.L.O. Staff Regulations.

International organization — Officials — Reclassification of — Conditions of review by Tribunal — Officials of International Telecommunications Union.