Uhligella is one of the links between the Hoplitidae and their smooth Desmoceratid ancestors, and occurs typically in the Albian of the Mediterranean Province. Two new species of Uhligella found in the Middle Albian of Folkestone provide the first record of the genus in England. Description of the Folkestone specimens is preceded by a discussion of the genus, its circumscription, taxonomy, and systematic position.

In parts of Rosedale and Farndale the Serpula Beds are exactly as in Fryup and Danby; they consist of very fine-grained sandstones or silts, blue, grey, green, yellow, or brown in colour, according to the degree of oxidation, and always full of worm tubes. In many specimens it is clear that practically the whole of the material has been passed through the bodies of worms, leading to a very confused structure. The worm tubes may be several inches long: they are only occasionally vertical or straight, but usually arranged in an irregular manner. Fossils, usually broken and badly preserved, are sporadic, but deter-minable ammonites of the striatulum and dispansum zones have been recorded in different parts of the area (Macmillan, 1932, and this paper).

The development of an alkali pyroxene-bearing fades of granite at the contact of the Beinn an Dubhaich granite of Skye with Durness dolomites is associated with a skarn formation involving magmatic transfer of alumina. The significance of the processes at work in this and related examples is discussed.

The use of the terms “normal” and “abnormal” in relation to shore-platforms has led to confusion and should be discontinued. Processes operative in the formation of shore platforms are analysed from Victorian examples. The effects of water-layer weathering, growth of marine organisms, breakers, and waves of translation on sheltered and open coasts and on various rocks (including a special study of platforms in aeolianites) are discussed.

The scientific proceedings of the Eighteenth Session of the International Geological Congress included twelve series of Sectional Meetings, open meetings of the Association of African Geological Surveys, and of the International Paleontological Union, and special discussions on the Geology and Mineralogy of Clays. Summaries of these Sectional and other meetings, prepared by their officers, are published in advance in the full Report of the Session.

The Lias-Oolite junction in Rosedale and Farndale is defined. The underlying Lias is folded into a pre-Oolite complex of shallow Caledonoid folds, wherein are preserved about 55 square miles of Yeoyilian strata in the Cleveland region. The Rosedale East and Sheriff's Pit ironstones, now exhausted, are included on field evidence with the Yeovilian and not the Dogger. They occur in the troughs of two structural basins of limited extent in the fold complex, while other basins hold ironstones of no economic value. It is unlikely that the depositional basin of the Rosedale ironstones extended far beyond the present limits of the dale. Within Rosedale its distribution was materially reduced by erosion from the crests of minor pre-Dogger folds, pebbles now phosphatised derived from the crests occurring in the base of the Dogger.

A three-fold sub-division of the Dogger is recognized. The Glaisdale Oolite is here of little importance; the lenticular Rosedale Sandstone represents sand trapped in the continued down-warping over Rosedale in early Dogger times. The most widely spread rock group, the Blakey Series, includes the important Black Shales at its base. Marked facies variation is recognized in the sandy upper part, which includes the Ajalon facies, the Green Flag facies, etc., which were earlier incorrectly regarded as in chronological succession.

The Rosedale magnetite-oolite is regarded as a sedimentary deposit underlying the Dogger.

The petrography of the several beds of the Lias-Oolite junction is briefly described.

Arbitrary relations between volatile percentage and depth of the seams can be established readily for both the South Wales and Kent coalfields by means of the Hilt rates: this is perhaps most clearly indicated by the South Wales sequences, which are considered first. If we take as a horizontal datum plane a seam which contains 40 per cent of volatiles we can calculate from the Hilt rate the depth for any given sequence at which the Nine-Foot seam would lie below that datum. Thus, at New Bridge the recorded volatile content of the Nine-Foot seam is 28; a least squares solution gives 26·7; adopting a value of 27 and a Hilt rate of 5·32, that seam would be 2,440 feet below the datum. At Treherbert the recorded volatile is 11, while a least squares solution gives 11·5; the depth of the Nine-Foot seam below the datum would thus be 5,400 feet. It is clear, therefore, that if the 40 per cent seam were regarded as a horizontal plane, depression was at one time more rapid in the west than in the east. It is known that a rapid increase in the thickness of the measures below the Pennant Sandstone takes place westward, but the difference of 3,000 feet indicated above is much more than occurred by differential warping during the formation of the lower measures among which the Nine-Foot seam lies. The tendency which is evident, however, in these lower measures must have continued into much later Coal Measure times, in which case a 40 per cent datum was itself warped down.

An impression of the actinal surface of a starfish, possibly Calliderma, has been found at Loch Aline, N.W. Argyllshire, in Cretaceous white sandstone which hitherto has yielded no fossils. Indistinct traces of the ambulacral groves are present, otherwise only the outline is clearly defined. Carbonaceous matter associated suggests the fossil may have been desiccated in dry sand. The sandstone itself is a marginal deposit with millet seed frosted quartz grains of which the perfect rounding is masked by outgrowths of authigenic quartz.

It has recently been reaffirmed, on the basis of evidence derived from published maps, that in the Moine schists the south-easterly plunging lineation appears to increase in intensity as the Moine thrust area is approached. This statement is not in accordance with facts observable in the field and is a false premise on which to base the conclusion that thrusting and lineation are related. A further fact of vital significance in relation to such a conclusion is the widespread development of a similar lineation, plunging south-easterly and likewise expressive of a girdle fabric, in unmoved Lewisian rocks of the foreland.

External characters.—Plano-convex with a moderately deep ventral valve and a plane to slightly convex dorsal valve. Outline is semi-oval with the greatest width just anterior to the long straight hinge-line. Ventral interarea, wide, long, apsacline, dorsal interarea, anacline.

The Ordovician genus Corynoides Nicholson has until recently been very imperfectly known and generally neglected. Its development and peculiar morphology are discussed, but its systematic position amongst the graptolites remains doubtful. Four European species are here described and figured, one being new, and American species are briefly discussed.

Low-lying physiographical features in the northern Sudan are associated with Lower Tertiary “lake beds”. Some undulation may have been imposed, e.g. in the Dongola bend of the Nile. There has been little vertical river erosion below the level of the lake beds in the northern Sudan, whereas in Egypt there were long successions of Tertiary sediments, uplifts, folding, and faulting. Neither late-Tertiary marine flooding nor successive regradings of the Nile in Egypt reached the Sudan. With reference to the present flood plain the summit level of some silts of Palaeolithic age rises in a striking manner from the country around Atbara (and probably a wider area) downstream into the Dongola bend, reaches a maximum (so far as known) around Wadi Haifa, and then falls again.

The following systematic account of new Lower Ordovician Brachiopods has been divided into two sections. Part I includes descriptions of a new species and variety of Resserella, two new Dalmanellas, and two new Horderleyellas, and some notes on the value of B. B. Bancroft's methods of separating Dalmanellid species and genera. In Part II two new species and a new variety of Hesperorthis, Rostricellula, and Sowerbyella respectively are recorded; an investigation of Orthis turgida McCoy shows that forms referred to this species belong either to Corineorthis, two new species of which are described, or Paurorthis.

Uraninite and monazite collected by Dr. H. Crookshank from pegmatites occurring respectively at Bisundni and Soniana (Rajputana) have been analysed for U, Th, and Pb by Mr. A. A. Srnales, and the isotopic constitution of the lead separated from each mineral has been determined by Dr. W. T. Leland and Prof. A. O. Nier. The three ages calculated from the uraninite ratios AcD/RaG, RaG/U and AcD/U are 740, 733, and 733 m.y. The monazite is considerably altered but the corresponding ratios indicate that its age lies between 700 and 865 m.y., which is consistent with the more reliable estimate determined from the uraninite. It is shown from tectonic evidence that the Delhi erogenic belt is younger than the Satpura belt (previously dated at about 900 m.y.) and that both are younger than the Aravalli and Dharwar belts.

Description of an intraformational contorted shale in the Middle Coal Measures of the Potteries Coalfield. The contorted bed occurs immediately below the Winpenny Coal in thin argillaceous measures between thick sandstones. It shows strongly slickensided contacts, and consists of black carbonaceous shale, folded, sheared, and burnished. Deformation is ascribed to shearing stresses operating during folding. This shale is called “hussle” by the miners, whilst a similarly contorted, but non-carbonaceous, shale was termed “crozzle” by old miners of the Staffordshire-Derbyshire moors.

The folds and many of the faults in the Keuper Marls of the Aust-Beachley District are claimed to be compaction phenomena. The distribution of almost vertical sheets of alabaster in the Keuper Marls is attributed to infilling of contraction cracks. The palaeontology of the Carboniferous rocks, particularly of the seldom-visited islands of the Severn, is used to determine the structure. Several post-Triassic faults of tectonic origin have been mapped and others predicted; the age of the faulting is unknown.

Detailed drift mapping near the Gare Loch, Dumbartonshire, has confirmed that the loch was formerly occupied by a late valley glacier marking a re-advance contemporaneous with re-advances in the Loch Lomond and Upper Forth Valleys. The moraine of the Gare Loch glacier, which has been traced for some miles on both sides of the loch, locally rests on clays of the “ 100-ft.” sea and is overlain by “ 25-ft.” beach gravels.

A dyke-like mass of luxullianite type is emplaced along a line of fracture which crosses granite in a zone of pneumatolytic reddening, and is exposed in a quarry face. Extensive tourmalinization is related to post-emplacement fractures which traverse both the luxullianite and the adjacent rocks.

In the interests of accuracy and practical convenience, a detailed account is given of several instances well known to the author where vague or badly chosen place-names have given rise to uncertainty or even definite errors, in the position of geological localities, including one recent description of an important deep boring in N.E. Yorkshire. Attention is also drawn to an increasing looseness in the definition of the ancient local name of Cleveland. Trouble has also been caused by the recent invention of a new place-name, Ravenscar, which is synonymous with the ancient name, Peak (not The Peak, as often written by geologists). When an author is not himself thoroughly conversant with the place-names of his district it is recommended that some local authority, not necessarily a geologist, should be consulted.