This study aims to evaluate the expectation of and need for psychological counselling among primary care attender in a practice where the majority of patients are of Asian origin.

All consecutive adult patients attending 10 surgeries per week (assess 20 patients per surgery) asked to participate in the study. Patients were asked to complete 2 questionnaires:

1. 1. Demographic data

2. 2. Acculturation

In one month period 127 patients completed two questionnaires.

About 60% of Asian patient preferred to talk to either general practitioner or friend or relative whereas half of the European patient preferred to talk to GP and only 2 would talk to a friend or relative. 15% of Asian preferred to see male professional, but 60% of European preferred the same. Similar number reported that if they were suffering from anxiety or depression they would prefer taking tablets from their general practitioner. 25% of Asian preferred to see a counsellor or therapist of their own background whereas 40% of European patient preferred the same.

There is very little information, if any, on ethnic minority views about the type of services they would like to receive. This study has demonstrated that there is unmet needs with regards to gender and preference for professional from similar ethnic background. There is a need to merge patient need and preference in an efficacious manner also for the services to change and develop in a planned and efficacious consumer lead rather than provider lead.

The theme of food and eating or its disorders are often presented on the screen as well. Marco Ferreri's La Grande Bouffe, made in 1973, has become a classic in this field.

We performed an art psychological, psychoanalytical evaluation of the film.

The film is not only about the criticism of consumer society – we try to show that this is an elaborately structured, mythological story with psychoanalytical meaning and several examples for symbolic interpretations of eating in it. Our approach is an art psychological perspective.

The story is rather surrealistic, full of mythological connotations. The four main male characters represent perfect incarnations of the first four Freudian stages of sexual develpoment — actually, neither of them could reach the stage of mature sexuality. They are dying when found by the woman, Andréa, the Angel of Death.

Critics reckon Ferreri's film among postmodernism. Film analysts pointed out social criticism, the destructive overdrive for consuming, or the decay of civil societies. The film provides the opportunity for different polisemic interpretations in a similar way, revealing the harmonic balance between the artist's intuition and his conscious.

Mental frustration, children, rehabilitation, physical factors.

To follow the significance of some psychological risk factors in patients with anxiety and depression symptoms with cardio-vascular diseases.

During the research we included 30 patients with anxiety and depression symptoms diagnosed with cardio-surgical diseases after cardio-surgical intervention. They were chosen randomly, hospitalized and treated in the Specialized cardio-surgical clinic Filip II, Skopje. The patients were of both sexes, aged 30-70. They were evaluated by HAMD and HAMA and non-standardized questionnaire.

The patients were tested once two weeks after the cardio-surgical intervention.

In 25 patients there was a score increase in HAMD and HAMA in correlation with the psychological risk factors (stressful events: losing the job, losing someone you love, hostility, high professional plans and ambition)

Psychologically unfavourable situations are risk factors which lead to anxiety and depression symptoms in cardio-vascular diseases.

To follow the efficiency in treating the obsessive-compulsive disorders in higher dosages of Asentra and low dosages of Olanzepine as an augment of the pharmacological treatment in the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in these patients.

During the research we included 30 patients with long-term obsessive-compulsive symptoms. They were chosen randomly, treated in an out-patient clinic as well as in the Psychiatric clinic. The patients were of both sexes, aged 25-45. In all patients serious somatic diseases were excluded. They were observed by HAMD, HAS, 18 PF(18 Personality Factor-Katel), Scale for measuring the obsession, compulsion and schizophrenia and it was done twice: in the beginning and after three months constant treatment with Asentra tablets in dosages of 100-300mg and Zalasta tablets in dosages of 2,5-5mg per day.

In 12 patients there was an improvement which resulted in score decline of the HAS, HAMD, and 18 PF (18 Personality Factor-Katel). In 8 patients there was a slight improvement. And in 10 patients there was no significant improvement.

High dosages of Asentra given in combination with Olazepine for anxiety treatment and as an augment of the anti-depressive are efficient and safe in treating patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders.

The goal of this survey is to explore medical students' attitudes towards mental illness and to estimate how their knowledge of mental disease can impact their attitudes.

In this survey is used questionnaire to estimate students' attitudes towards mental illnesses. Sixty- nine medical students of third year took part in this survey without any previous experience with mental patients, and forty-seven medical students who finished forth year and had experience with mental patients through lectures and practice.

Medical students' attitudes are significant improved by taking part in theoretical and practical lecture about mental health. Their attitudes are less negative. It seems that knowledgement arises tolerance of mental diseases.

medical students, mental illness, stigma

The evaluation of needs, satisfaction with services, social functioning and quality of life has been recognized as domains important for care planning and outcome assessment in care of persons with psychiatric disorders.

The aim of the study was to assess what are demographic, social and clinical variables associated with higher needs for care and to find out what are correlates among needs, satisfaction with services, social functioning, and quality of life.

The sample included 170 out-patients from psychiatric clinics with diagnosis F 2- 6 according to ICD-10. Demographic, social and clinical data were collected with special questionnaire. Several instrument were used: the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS), the Client's Scale for Assessment of Treatment (CAT) – to assess satisfaction with services, the Groningen Social Disability Schedule (GSDS-II) and the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA).

Needs were positively related to patient age, being male, single, unemployed and to intensity of psychopathological symptoms. Unmet needs were negatively associated with satisfaction with services. Quality of life and social functioning were strongly related to number of met, unmet and total needs (quality of life and social functioning decreased as needs increased). The results showed that different variables as well as their satisfaction with services, social functioning and subjective quality of life are associated with patients needs.

Parents of mentally ill patients are stigmatized by the disease of their ill family members, emotionally, socially and physically burdened. Authors are presenting a case report of a mother of 23 year old schizophrenic daughter, who started to attend support groups for families of mentally ill persons almost two years ago.

To investigate whether the joining to the association for families of mentally ill persons and regular attending to its programs (psycho educative lectures, support groups), would enable the mother of a patient with schizophrenia to re-establish her psychic balance by reducing high expressed emotion.

psychological test PIE (The profile index of emotions) three times during 18 months

PIE tests showed reduced high expressed emotions (fear, sorrow and anger). Mother turned from the depressive position in life and started to work positively with her daughter's illness, started to motivate other parents, and started to help them with her advice. She became one of the founders of the Society for Improvement of Mental Health and Quality of Life of Mentally Ill Persons and Their Families “Happy Family”, Croatia, where she is now a member of the Organizational board and is an accountant.

An active role in association for mentally ill persons re-established the psychic balance in this mother, changing her to a powerful, strong and competent person who not only can cope positively with her daughter's disease but also is able to help other parents in the same situation.

The authors are presenting the case report of a patient who was taken care for the Community Mental Health Team in Croatia, following the recommendations of WHO 2004 as well as IRIS guidelines, considering Basic standards for management of patients with serious mental illness in the community developed by GAMIAN-Europe.

Authors are presenting work of a case manager on the case of the patient who himself takes the responsibility to ensure that the needs of patient and his family are met, by acting in a more pro-active fashion (Assertive case management (ACT)). A care-plan for the patient is presented, which details all the care which the patient was receiving, and who is providing the care. This plan is agreed at the meeting of the patient, the family, the case -manager, the psychiatrist, and other team members who are providing some of the care (Social worker, Psychologist, Occupational worker). The plan is agreed collaboratively with the patient and the family and signed by all parties concerned, including the psychiatrist. The plan is reviewed at a formal meeting of those concerned at the end of the treatment.

We recommend developing Community Mental Health Teams in Croatia which are based on the ACT principle. They are more expensive and more demanding in terms of face to face patient contact, but it is evidence based that they give better long term results.

To describe the management of all necessary arrangements for the accommodation and ongoing care of the 164 displaced severe chronic psychiatric patients from the Jakes psychiatric hospital (under the control of Serbs' army) who were off-loaded on the afternoon of 28th of May, 1992 at the gates of the Psychiatry Clinic in Tuzla. during war and post war period.

Analysis of the incomplete medical records, which arrived with patients in Tuzla with analysis of the activities realized

There were 50.6% males, 147 (89.6%) were admitted to the Psychiatry Clinic in Tuzla, 86 (58.5%) were Serbs. The majority were incapable of independent living and required ongoing medical and social care: 81.6% of them had schizophrenia. Older than 50 years were 70 (47.6%) of them, thus made care more complex. Patients were found to be from all regions of Bosnia-Herzegovina. For its work and humanitarian mission and its contribution to peace, trust and co-operation, and for the maintenance of the multi-ethnic Bosnia Herzegovina, the Psychiatry Clinic in Tuzla received the golden award for peace from the International Legion of Humanists in May 1998.

The employees at the Clinic carried out their duties with a high level of humanity and professionalism. They ensured that these patients received everything that was required in any given moment. It showed that goodness and humanity couldn't be beaten by evil regardless of its form or severity.

The present study focuses on the impact of integration of family support components to a community support program for people with severe mental illness.

We believe that family members of people with mental illness need emotional and practical supports to lesson their burden and to achieve self-fulfillment. The more they live a fulfilling life, the more likely they will be able to keep a good relationship with a person with mental illness. Therefore, we utilize five specific interventions; 1) case management for family members, 2) direct support, 3) adjustment of relationship between family members and person with mental illness, 4) cooperation with housing program and respite care program, 5) family psychoeducation program. After interviewing family members regarding our services, process of changes in family members were analyzed by utilizing the stage of changes model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983). From this analysis, we identified the appropriate intervention for each stage and effectiveness of each intervention.

Since many people with mental illness are living with their families in Japan, family support needs to be a major and fundamental component of community support programs. This present analysis shows the importance of family support suited to their stage of change, since family circumstance improves when family members have more mental elbowroom while being supporters. Even though our experience is from a specific cultural background, we believe that it would be adaptable enough for other programs with various cultural backgrounds.

We investigated the prevalence of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) among patients with schizophrenia. We also investigated the differences in the psychotic symptoms and suicidality between patients with schizophrenia who did or did not have OC symptoms.

Seventy-one subjects with the DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia were evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-compulsive Scale and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

The OCD patients with schizophrenia were 20 (28.2%) among 71 subjects. The 20 subjects with OCD had significantly more severe negative and total psychotic symptoms evaluated with PANSS than subjects without OCD. The schizophrenia with OCD had significant higher recent suicidal attempt rate than the subjects without OCD.

The results of this study suggest the possibility that OCD symptoms in schizophrenia may be related to negative symptoms and the OC symptoms may be related to the impulsivity expressed as suicidal attempts.

Inquiry at a primary school included 55 children white at a Grammer School it included 5o children of both male and female sex.

Children from the yunger age-group do'nt reject their parents' calls in 95% of the cases.

They communicate wth their parents experiencing their authority and showing a tendency of resistence.

Children from the older age-gruve in 58% of the cases filtrate the calls from their parents and experience it as a control and a check.

The research showed a significant influence SMS communication duringthe process of separation, from negation and disidealication to one's personal individualization.