Ventricular repolarisation can be influenced by hormonal milieu which may mimic long QT syndrome. We describe a series of patients referred for genetic testing for diagnosed long QT syndrome where a detailed clinical workup demonstrated endocrinopathies as the cause of presumed “gene negative” long QT syndrome and QT prolongation.

We report the case of a 14-year-old male presented with raised myocardial injury biomarkers, on the workout, Campylobacter coli was identified on stool culture, treated with antibiotics with total resolution. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed interventricular septum and lateral wall hypokinesia and subepicardial delayed enhancement, with preserved ventricular systolic function. To our knowledge, this is the first report linking Campylobacter coli to myopericarditis in children.

A 17-year-old adolescent with severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus disease-2019 developed reduced left ventricular function and left ventricular thrombus. With treatment, his condition improved and the thrombus was dissolved. This case illustrates the risk of severe intra-cardiac thrombotic complications in patients with MIS-C.

Acute stent thrombosis may complicate neonatal arterial duct stenting for reduced pulmonary blood flow. Thrombolytic agents recanalise the clot but may cause bleeding around the vascular sheaths and other sites. Since early thrombus is platelet mediated, intravenous platelet glycoprotein inhibitor like eptifibatide is likely to be effective, but rarely utilised in neonates. Ductal stent thrombosis treated with eptifibatide is reported.

We present the case of a 4-month-old, former 23-week premature baby who underwent patent ductus arteriosus device closure in the cardiac catheterisation lab with an Amplatzer Piccolo™ device at 12 weeks of life. This was complicated by late migration of the device into the aorta resulting in severe obstruction and requiring surgical intervention.

Neonatal Marfan syndrome is a rare condition with poor prognosis because of severe mitral and/or tricuspid valve insufficiency. Mitral valve replacement is sometimes required in early infancy, while tricuspid valve replacement is rarely done. We report the first infant neonatal Marfan syndrome case with a missense variant of c.3706T>C in the fibrillin-1 gene that was successfully managed by mitral and tricuspid valve replacement. Early multiple-valve replacement may sometimes be required during infant age in this genetic syndrome.

We report a neonate with dilated cardiomyopathy and have echocardiographic findings consistent with “functional” tricuspid atresia. There was an echo-bright, plate-like tissue at the tricuspid valve position with no forward flow across it. This report underscores the role of right ventricle intracavitary haemodynamic influence on the tricuspid valve leaflet excursion and demonstrates a phenomenon of “pseudo or functional tricuspid atresia” mimicking tricuspid atresia in a patient with acute presentation of cardiomyopathy.

Among 65 neonates with encephalopathy undergoing cooling, 30 (46.1%) received chest compressions during delivery room resuscitation. Despite differences in encephalopathy severity, early (<24 hours) biventricular function on echocardiogram (fractional area change, myocardial performance indices, systolic to diastolic duration ratios, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion) was comparable between groups with and without chest compressions. Epinephrine receipt was associated with abnormal tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.

Percutaneous coronary intervention for stenosis of coronary artery after Kawasaki disease presents various challenges. The diameters of reference vessels and femoral artery in children are smaller, and the morphological changes are different from adults. Herein, we describe our successful experience with a severe coronary artery stenosis at the proximal portion of left anterior descending treated with drug-coated balloon dilation.

We report two cases of acute hypotension after intravenous azithromycin administration in children with acute, decompensated heart failure. In each of our reported cases, azithromycin was being used to treat possible Mycoplasma myocarditis. In this report, we aim to describe hypotension as a potentially rare adverse reaction to intravenous azithromycin and encourage judicious use in patients with cardiac dysfunction.

Middle aortic syndrome is a severe form of aortic coarctation and mostly involves the thoracic and abdominal part of the aorta. Traditional surgical approach has some potential risks and repetitive operations. Percutaneous stent implantation is a feasible and safe method for the palliation of middle aortic syndrome in childhood. Herein, a child with middle aortic syndrome was presented who has been treated by transcatheter stent implantation.

Down syndrome is a well-recognised genetic condition associated with several comorbidities. Although CHD is common in Down syndrome, transposition of the great arteries is exceptionally rare. We describe a neonate with Down syndrome who presented with transient abnormal myelopoiesis and transposition of the great arteries. Down syndrome may accelerate pulmonary hypertension in transposition of the great arteries and is associated with poor outcomes.

Severe tricuspid regurgitation in corrected transposition of great arteries is treated with early bioprosthetic replacement to prevent right ventricular failure. When bioprosthesis degenerates, surgery on cardioplegic arrest further complicates right ventricular function. We report the first transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation of tricuspid valve in a systemic right ventricle in corrected transposition describing the modifications due to anatomical differences in these patients.

Despite acceptable survival for Fontan operation, there are concerns about late complications affecting the major organs. We herein present two cases of adults after Fontan operation who developed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. These cases suggest that focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is owing to haemodynamic incompetence associated with Fontan operation, including congestion, hypoxia, and hyperviscosity, which may be called Fontan-associated renal disease.

The association of truncus arteriosus communis with interrupted aortic arch and mitral atresia is an exceptionally rare congenital defect. We describe the initial decision-making and management of this lesion, which eventually achieved a Fontan palliation.

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm is a rare but benign form of ventricular tachycardia which might be challenging to differentiate from other more worrisome forms. We present the case of a healthy newborn diagnosed with an accelerated idioventricular rhythm which is spontaneously terminated without the need for medical therapy.

Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a slowly progressive skeletal muscle and joint disorder associated with cardiac complications. Dilated cardiomyopathy was the initial manifestation of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy in an 8-year-old girl. Despite normal muscle and myocardial biopsies, genetic testing revealed LMNA mutations. As Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is associated with minimal skeletal muscle weakness, cardiac complications can facilitate its diagnosis.

Disorders of laterality are often associated with complex CHD. There is considerable debate about the appropriate terminology to describe these conditions. As our understanding of the genetic basis of these disorders improves, it is likely that terminology will be dictated by the genetic aetiology. The genetic basis of laterality disorders in the Indian population has not been studied. We report two families with autosomal recessive inheritance of isomerism and homozygous variants in the GDF1 gene in affected family members.