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The greatest advantage that results from this notion [of the law] is to show us clearly the true foundations of justice and of natural right. Indeed the first law, the only genuine fundamental law that flows immediately from the social pact, is that each man in all things prefer the greatest good of all.
Man’s natural force is so well proportioned to his natural needs and his primitive state that as soon as his state changes and his needs increase ever so slightly [282] he needs his fellows’ assistance, and when eventually his desires embrace the whole of nature, the assistance of the whole of mankind barely suffices to satisfy them. That is how the same causes that make us wicked also make us slaves, and subjugate us by depraving us; the sentiment of our weakness comes less from our nature than from our cupidity: our needs unite us in proportion as our passions divide us, and the more we become our fellows’ enemies, the less can we do without them.