Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgment
- Section 1 Head and neck
- Case 1 Trilateral retinoblastoma
- Case 2 Fibromatosis colli
- Case 3 Craniopharyngioma
- Case 4 Labyrinthitis ossificans
- Case 5 Branchio-oto-renal syndrome
- Case 6 Medulloblastoma
- Case 7 Ectopic cervical thymus
- Case 8 X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
- Case 9 Langerhans cell histiocytosis
- Case 10 PHACES syndrome (Posterior fossa malformations, Hemangiomas of the face, Arterial anomalies, Cardiovascular anomalies, Eye anomalies, and Sternal defects or supraumbilical raphe)
- Section 2 Thoracic imaging
- Section 3 Cardiac imaging
- Section 4 Vascular and interventional
- Section 5 Gastrointestinal imaging
- Section 6 Urinary imaging
- Section 7 Endocrine - reproductive imaging
- Section 8 Fetal imaging
- Section 9 Musculoskeletal imaging
- Index
- References
Case 4 - Labyrinthitis ossificans
from Section 1 - Head and neck
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2014
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgment
- Section 1 Head and neck
- Case 1 Trilateral retinoblastoma
- Case 2 Fibromatosis colli
- Case 3 Craniopharyngioma
- Case 4 Labyrinthitis ossificans
- Case 5 Branchio-oto-renal syndrome
- Case 6 Medulloblastoma
- Case 7 Ectopic cervical thymus
- Case 8 X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy
- Case 9 Langerhans cell histiocytosis
- Case 10 PHACES syndrome (Posterior fossa malformations, Hemangiomas of the face, Arterial anomalies, Cardiovascular anomalies, Eye anomalies, and Sternal defects or supraumbilical raphe)
- Section 2 Thoracic imaging
- Section 3 Cardiac imaging
- Section 4 Vascular and interventional
- Section 5 Gastrointestinal imaging
- Section 6 Urinary imaging
- Section 7 Endocrine - reproductive imaging
- Section 8 Fetal imaging
- Section 9 Musculoskeletal imaging
- Index
- References
Summary
Imaging description
A six-year-old male with a prior history of meningitis presented with recent onset of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). CT imaging showed developing calcification within the vestibule (Fig. 4.1a, c) as well as within the cochlea (Fig. 4.1b). The history and imaging findings were consistent with labyrinthitis ossificans (LO).
Importance
LO is characterized by new bone formation in the cochlea, classically involving the scala tympani of the basal turn of the cochlea, and vestibule during the end-stage of bacterial/purulent labyrinthitis. In bacterial/purulent labyrinthitis, infection reaches the inner ear from the subarachnoid space via the cochlear aqueduct or the internal auditory meatus. Labyrinthine infection can also occur as a result of bacterial middle ear infections, from direct spread through the oval or round windows or by hematogenous seeding of the labyrinth. Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis are the most common organisms causing bacterial meningitis and SNHL in children. Other etiologies of LO include vascular obstruction of the labyrinthine artery, temporal bone trauma, autoimmune ear disease, otosclerosis, leukemia, or tumors of the temporal bone. Treatment by cochlear implantation may mitigate speech and language deterioration in children with LO and SNHL.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Pearls and Pitfalls in Pediatric ImagingVariants and Other Difficult Diagnoses, pp. 14 - 15Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2014