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2 results

  • Chapter 21 - Stem Cells and Brain Repair: Ethical Considerations

  • from Part III - Future Developments
  • Edited by Stephen Honeybul
  • Book:
    Ethics in Neurosurgical Practice
    Published online:
    29 May 2020
    Print publication:
    18 June 2020, pp 214-223

  • Summary

    The rapid advance of research in stem cells has opened the door for their potential use in cell-based therapies to treat neurological conditions some of them incurable to date. Encouraging studies in animal models are moving into early phase clinical trials that hold realistic promise for the future. However, important ethical challenges remain as stem cells are translated from preclinical research to the clinical realm.Translation of stem cell–based therapies must be framed within a rigorous scientific and ethical process. This framework extends to the continuum of basic science in the laboratory, subsequent animal studies to the execution of early and late phase clinical trials in humans.Neurosurgery will play a fundamental role in the stem cell therapies of the future. New neurosurgical techniques and instruments will be developed for the delivery of stem cells to single or multiple targets within the CNS. Neurosurgeon’s roles will expand as stem cells move from clinical trials to effective potential therapies. This chapter will review selected stem cell ethical issues, that may inform and guide the practicing neurosurgeon in a rapidly moving field of great scientific promise, as well as ethical challenges

  • 34 - Status of neural repair clinical trials in brain diseases

  • from Section B4 - Translational research: application to human neural injury
    • By Olle Lindvall, Section of Restorative Neurology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, University Hospital, Peter Hagell, Section of Restorative Neurology, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and Department of Nursing, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • Edited by Michael Selzer, University of Pennsylvania, Stephanie Clarke, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, Leonardo Cohen, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, Pamela Duncan, University of Florida, Fred Gage, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego
  • Book:
    Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation
    Published online:
    05 March 2012
    Print publication:
    16 February 2006, pp 615-632

  • Summary

    This chapter reviews the clinical observations following neural transplantation in three major brain disorders, namely Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and stroke. It discusses the scientific advancements that are needed for the further development of cell-based therapies. The clinical trials with embryonic mesencephalic grafts in PD patients have provided proof-of-principle that cell replacement can restore function in the parkinsonian brain. Cell-based approaches give rise to long-lasting, major improvements of mobility and suppression of dyskinesias without the need for further therapeutic interventions. The optimum strategy for neuronal replacement in stroke will probably be to combine transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) close to the damaged area with stimulation of neurogenesis from endogenous NSCs. Recent progress shows that specific types of neurons and glia cells suitable for transplantation can be generated from stem cells in culture.