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  • 27 - Role of Schwann cells in peripheral nerve regeneration

  • from Section B3 - Promotion of regeneration in the injured nervous system
    • By Wesley J. Thompson, Section of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, Institutes for Cell and Molecular Biology and Neuroscience, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
  • Edited by Michael Selzer, University of Pennsylvania, Stephanie Clarke, Université de Lausanne, Switzerland, Leonardo Cohen, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland, Pamela Duncan, University of Florida, Fred Gage, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, San Diego
  • Book:
    Textbook of Neural Repair and Rehabilitation
    Published online:
    05 March 2012
    Print publication:
    16 February 2006, pp 487-512

  • Summary

    This chapter considers evidence that Schwann cells, the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, play a crucial role in guiding and supporting the regeneration of peripheral axons. A role of the endoneurial tubes in guiding regenerating axons to synaptic sites in muscles was indicated by earlier vital imaging experiments. The observations that suggested regenerating axons grew to adjacent synaptic sites by following the processes extended by Schwann cells raised the issue of whether Schwann cells played a similar role in another type of nerve growth that had been extensively described and studied, the phenomenon of terminal sprouting. Several laboratories have examined muscle reinnervation by collecting repeated, vital images of axons, postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors, and Schwann cells. Observations of the reinnervation of frog neuromuscular junctions ultimately lead to the discovery of the crucial synapse-organizing-protein agrin.