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1 results

  • Triple splitting and z-rays in polar ionograms

  • Carlo Scotto
  • Journal:
    Antarctic Science / Volume 27 / Issue 4 / August 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 January 2015, pp. 383-387

  • The theory of propagation in a direction almost parallel to the Earth’s magnetic field is reviewed, calculating the group refractive index of the ordinary ray in the presence of electron-neutral collisions. An electron density profile is estimated from the ordinary trace and is used to compute the z-ray trace. It is shown that this reconstruction can help to identify the rare cases of z-rays from among the numerous cases of duplicate ordinary traces, due to reflection from two different directions.