The similarities between the Timna tent sanctuary and the Israelite tent of meeting corroborate the Midianite ascendancy over the early Israelite religion related in the Bible. The Arabian origin of the volcanic theophany attached to YHWH in the Bible and the representation of the Garden of Eden (and the temple of YHWH) as an oasis both support this conclusion. These interactions demonstrate a desert influence on the two foremost singularities of the Israelite theology: (i) the idea of man–god closeness and even interdependency free of the metallurgical traditions and inspired by the oasis-shaped representation of Eden and (ii) the idea of YHWH intervening on earth by means of explosive and destructive events related to the volcanic activity in Northwestern Arabia.

The Early Iron Age was a period of global recession in the Near East. At this time, however, the Southern Levant experienced a wave of urbanization and economic development that led to the emergence of new political entities, including Israel. This abnormal resilience apparently resulted from the renewal of the Arabah copper industry. This activity stimulated the emergence of two networks of metal transportation and working, around which emerged Moab, Ammon, the Philistines, Judah, and the early core of Israel. Copper metallurgy became, therefore, a material support for the movement of emancipation and the cooperation between the newly emerging political entities affiliated with the fraternal alliance.